nysdoh bureau of water supply protection · 2019-05-14 · 4 bureau of water supply protection...
TRANSCRIPT
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NYSDOH Bureau of Water
Supply Protection
Management of Public Water
Suppliers
Brock Rogers, P.E.
Bureau of Water Supply Protection
New York State Department of Health
518-402-7650
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Overview of DOH Bureau of Water Supply Protection
Where Does Drinking Water Come From?
Threats to Drinking Water
Public Water Systems
Regulation of Public Water Systems
Approval of Plans for PWSs
Approval of New Well Sources
Yield Testing Requirements for PWSs
Topics Covered
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Bureau of Water
Supply Protection
- Overview
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Bureau of Water Supply Protection (BWSP)
Mission
To protect the health, safety and welfare of the residents and visitors of New York State through
regulatory oversight and implementation, technical support, and response activities for:
1) public water systems (about 9,100)
2) bulk and bottled water facilities (70 bulk haulers, 151 bottlers)
3) private/non-public water supplies (about 800,000)
4) on-site waste treatment systems
5) realty subdivisions
6) recreational water (i.e. engineering plan review of pools and spray parks)
7) nursing home and hospital potable water for protection against Legionella (over 800)
8) cooling tower registration and proper operation for protection against Legionella (over
10,000)
9) emerging water supply issues, including unregulated contaminants
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Bureau of Water Supply Protection (BWSP)
New York State's Public Drinking Water Supplies - Subpart 5-1 (municipal water
supplies, schools, businesses, etc.)
Certification of Drinking Water Treatment Operators - 10 NYCRR Subpart 5-4
Certification of Bottled and Bulk Water Supplies - Subpart 5-6
Private/Non-public Wells and On-site Waste Treatment System - Appendix 5-B,
Part 75, Appendix 75-A & 75C:
Realty Subdivisions - Part 74
Recreational Waters - Part 6 (engineering review of pools, spray parks, etc.)
Cooling Towers – Subpart 4-1 (Protection Against Legionella)
Health Care Facilities - Subpart 4-2 (Protection Against Legionella)
Regulatory Responsibilities (under 10 NYCRR)
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Bureau of Water Supply Protection (BWSP)
BWSP is comprised of about 50 staff including engineers, scientists, data managers,
public health specialists, mapping specialists, and administrative professionals.
BWSP staff implement programs through the regional and field structure in
collaboration with local, state and federal partners/stakeholders.
Director
Assistant Directors
New York
City
Watershed
Professional
Certification Operations Design
Residential
Sanitation
Compliance
and
Information
Systems
Special Projects
Water Systems
Control
and
Analysis
Administration
Organization and Staffing
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NYSDOH – Regional & Field Structure The water supply program is implemented
and overseen through a regional structure
Core roles and
services provided by:
37 - Full service City &
County Health
Departments
9 - State District
Offices
Local Health
Departments (LHDs)
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Field Coordinators • Liaisons between the State
and County DOH
County DOH • Daily regulatory oversight
of water systems
• Update SDWIS – input
data, violations, etc.
NYSDOH – Field Structure
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NY Counties Located (in whole or in part) in the
Susquehanna Basin
Allegany
Broome
Chemung
Chenango
Cortland
Delaware
Herkimer
Livingston
Madison
Oneida
Onondaga
Otsego
Schoharie
Schuyler
Steuben
Thompkins
Tioga
Yates
https://www.srbc.net/portals/susquehanna-atlas/projects-map/
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Where Does Your
Drinking Water
Come From?
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Facts & Figures
9,100 public water systems
(PWSs)
8,130 PWSs use groundwater (serving pop. ≈ 5 Million)
960 PWSs use surface water
supplies (serving pop. ≈ 16.4 Million)
More than 7,600 freshwater lakes, ponds and reservoirs that are used for recreation and water supply.
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Threats to
Drinking Water
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Bacteria Typhoid - salmonella typhi Cholera - vibrio cholera E. coli 0157
Viruses Human enteric viruses hepatitis A & polio
Protozoans & Parasites
Giardia & cryptosporidium
Threats to Drinking Water
Pathogenic Organisms
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Naturally Occurring Chemicals
Arsenic, radionuclides, metals ...
Biologicals (algae, decomposition)
Industrial Chemicals
Metals - Pb, Hg, Se ...
Organics - benzene, MTBE, TCE, PCBs...
Agricultural Chemicals
Pesticides, fertilizers ...
Emerging Contaminants
1,4-Dioxane, PFAS, Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs)
Threats to Drinking Water
Chemicals
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Quality & Aesthetics
Turbidity
Suspended Solids
Taste, Odor and Color agents
Quantity
Drought
Source Characteristics
Use and Replenishment
Leaks and Breaks
Threats to Drinking Water
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Threats to Drinking Water
Regulation
Source Protection
Treatment (Filtration, Disinfection....)
Design, construction, and maintenance of infrastructure
Operator certification and training
Monitoring
Inspection / Sanitary Survey
Mitigation Through Multi-Barrier Protection
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Public Water
Systems
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What is a Public Water System?
A water system which provides piped water to the
public for human consumption, if such system has
at least five service connections or regularly
serves an average of at least 25 individuals daily
at least 60 days out of the year
> 9,000 PWS in NY State
Public Water Systems
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Federal vs. Non-Federal Water Systems Federal PWS - 15 or more service connections or 25 or more
people
State PWS - 5 or more service connections or 25 or more
people (examples: small mobile home parks and apartment
buildings)
Other PWS - PWSs that receive a permit from the health
department (i.e., food services, hotels, campgrounds, children’s
camps, etc.)
Public Water Systems
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Types of Public Water Systems
- Community (CWS) – residential
A public water system which serves at least five service connections
used by year-round residents or regularly serves at least 25 year-
round residents
- Non-Community (NC) – non-residential
- Non-transient non-community (NTNC)
Regularly serves at least 25 of the same persons, four hours or more
per day, for four or more days per week, for 26 or more weeks per year
- Transient non-community (TNC)
A noncommunity water system that does not regularly serve at least 25 of
the same people over six months per year
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Types of Public Water Systems
Examples:
- Community (CWS) – Municipalities, private water companies,
apartment complexes, mobile home parks (≈ 2,840 CWS in
NYS)
- Non-transient non-community (NTNC) – Schools, hospitals,
office buildings (≈ 725 NTNCWS in NYS)
- Transient non-community (TNC) – Restaurants, Convenience
Stores (≈ 5,520 TNCWS in NYS)
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Regulation of
Public Water
Systems
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• EPA role
– Sets national standards/regulations
– States act as primary regulators
• NYS role
– Primacy (state must adopt national regs and show EPA how it
will carry them out and enforce).
– NYS can develop regs in addition to EPA’s
• Field Structure
– Regions, Counties, District Offices
Regulation of Public Water Systems
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EPA Drinking Water Regulations
• Safe Drinking Water Act (SDWA) 1974
• Interim Primary Drinking Water
Standards 1977
• SDWA Amendments 1986
• Surface Water Treatment Rule
(SWTR) 1989
• Total Coliform Rule 1989
• Information Collection Rule 1990
• Lead and Copper Rule 1991
Disinfection & Disinfection
Byproduct (DDBP) /Stage 2 1993/2006
• Interim Enhanced SWTR 1996
• Contaminant Candidates List 1998
• Unregulated Contaminant
Monitoring Requirements 1998
• Public Notification Rule 2000
• Radionuclides Rule 2000
• Long Term 1 Enhanced and
Long Term 2 ESWTR 2002/2006
• Arsenic Rule 2002
• Stage 2 DDBP Rule 2006
• Groundwater Rule 2006
• Revised Total Coliform Rule 2013
http://water.epa.gov/lawsregs/rulesregs/sdwa/currentregulations.cfm
Regulation of Public Water Systems
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How Does NYS Regulate Drinking Water Systems?
www.health.ny.gov/environmental/water/drinking/regulations
Subpart 5-1 of the NYS Sanitary Code
(a.k.a. “Part 5”) Latest Revision – May 16, 2018
Codification of PWS Rules and Regulations
Tables of Maximum Contaminant Levels (MCLs)
Requirements for Monitoring and Notifications
Regulation of Public Water Systems
UNOFFICIAL COMPLIATION OF CODES, RULES, AND REGULATION OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK TITLE 10. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH CHAPTER I. STATE SANITARY CODE PART 5. DRINKING WATER SUPPLIES SUBPART 5-1. PUBLIC WATER SUPPLIES Text is current through May 16, 2018. (Statutory authority: Public Health Law, Section 225)
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Part 5 Appendices
Recommended Standards for Water
Works, a.k.a.10 States Standards
(Appendix 5-A)
Standards for Water Wells
(Appendix 5-B and 5-D)
Operator Certification (Subpart 5-4)
Regulation of Public Water Systems
(standards for drinking water infrastructure design and
construction that are incorporated into the code)
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Approval of Plans
for Public Water
Systems
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NYS Sanitary Code – Section 5-1.22(a): No supplier of water shall
make, install or construct, or allow to be made, installed or constructed, a
public water system or any addition or deletion to or modification of a
public water system until the plans and specifications have been
submitted to and approved by the State.
Approval of Plans for Public Water Systems
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Approval Process:
Application for Approval of Plans for Public Water Supply
Improvement (DOH-348)
Engineering Report…by Licensed NYS Professional Engineer
Site Information
Ownership & Service Area
Existing Facilities
Hydrogeological Report (if necessary)
Need for Project
Alternatives Analysis
Cost Estimate
Approval of Plans for Public Water Systems
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Approval Process (Cont.): Plans and Specifications…by Licensed NYS Professional Engineer
Overall site information
Overall site location
Separation distances
Plan and profile of water main
Plan and elevation view of buildings and treatment system
Tank details
One-line diagrams
Treatment schematics
Technical specifications
Testing requirements
Startup procedures
Approval of Plans for Public Water Systems
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Approval Process (cont.):
DOH reviews submittal and confers with local health department or
district office, as applicable.
o Many projects reviewed/approved solely by local health department
Approval of plans issued (DOH 1017)
Project is constructed
Project engineer submits Engineer’s Certification of Project
Completion (DOH 5025)
DOH inspects completed works
DOH issues Approval of Completed Works (DOH 1032)
Approval of Plans for Public Water Systems
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Approval of New
Well Sources
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Disclaimer - Items listed below are not all inclusive. Additional requirements can be found in Part 5 of the
NYS Sanitary Code and Recommended Standards for Water Works (aka., 10 States Standards)
Water Withdrawal Application (>100,000 gpd)
Consult with NYSDEC, APA, DRBC or SRBC, as necessary
Location/Site Description (including maps)
100’/200’ of ownership/control (additional measures of protection allowed)
Separation from potential sources of contamination (Appendix 5-D, Table 1)
Nearby surface water
Geology
Approval of New Well Sources
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Source Capacity
Yield Testing (Appendix 5-D, Table 2) – more on yield testing later
Max Day Demand (MDD) w/largest well out of service
Water quality results – full Part 5 analysis
GWUDI evaluation if necessary
Approval of New Well Sources
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Well Construction
NYSDEC Well Completion Report
Preclude and prevent entry of known sources of contamination Located upgradient
Final grade is away from wellhead
Protected from flooding
No pits
Minimum separation distances (Appendix 5-D, Table 1)
Casing Material type
Top of casing in areas not subject to flooding – Extend at least 18 inches above grade
Top of casing in areas subject to flooding – Extend at least 3 feet above flood elevation
Casing length – depends on geology (Appendix 5-B, Table 2)
Well caps Sanitary seal – no split casing
Vented
Lockable
Approval of New Well Sources
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Chemical Storage – 300’
Manure spreading – 200’
Manure Storage – 200’
Septic system (non-watertight) – 200’
Septic tank (water tight effluent) – 100’
Sanitary or combined sewer – 50’
Other known unlisted – 200’
50/50 Rule – Distances increased by 50%
if water enters well less than 50’ below
grade
Separation Distances
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Yield Testing
Requirements
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Appendix 5-D.4
Yield testing required for new and redeveloped wells
Case specific, w/ LHD approval: for uniform hydrogeological conditions & adequate info
-or-
Test directed by experienced hydrogeologist or licensed professional
engineer
Standard Tests
Constant Flow Rate testing can be used in unconsolidated deposits
“Stabilized Drawdown” method required for rock wells (some exceptions)
Duration in accordance with Appendix 5-D, Table 2
Yield Testing Requirements for PWSs
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Constant Flow Rate Test (DEC & HGs): Well is pumped at a constant rate and
drawdown (i.e., water level in well) may continue but at a very smooth (“stable”)
Rate; looks very linear when plotted on semi-log paper
Stabilized Drawdown (Historic DOH Position): Well is pumped at a constant rate
but drawdown ceases, i.e. water level in the well remains the same (“stable”);
Recharge = Withdrawal
+/- 0.5 feet per 100 feet of water column
Water level at end of stabilized drawdown period not lower than beginning of stabilized period
Look at recovery – water level recovers to 90% of initial level within 24 hours after pumping
ceased
Evaluate Sustained Performance during seasonal or multi-year dry periods If stabilized pumping level not achieved or well does not recover 90% with 24 hrs after pumping
stops
Clarification of “Stabilized Drawdown”
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Clarification of “Stabilized Drawdown”
After pump operates for several
minutes or even hours, a
“stabilized” pumping level is
achieved and a cone of
depression forms
Water replenished from the
aquifer equals the water being
pumped
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Geology
Depth
Distance from
surface water
CWS, NTNC, TNCs
24 or 72 hrs
*DEC - 72 hrs*
Yield Test Duration
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Test shall be conducted at a pumping rate at least equal to the
design rate.
Water discharge should not short circuit back to the aquifer being
tested.
If the well is potentially GWUDI water quality shall be tested during
the yield test in accordance with guidance on GWUDI testing.
Monitoring temperature and conductivity in well and nearby surface
water during yield test
Microscopic Particulate Analysis (MPA) at the end of the yield test
May need to do daily temperature and conductivity testing for a year,
then second MPA
Yield Testing
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All New PWS Wells Must Have GWUDI Determination
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Questions
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Brock Rogers, P.E.
Bureau of Water Supply Protection
New York State Department of Health
518-402-7650
CONTACT INFORMATION