objective

Objective

Students will be able to compare and contrast autotroph and hetertroph and explain what ATP is.

8-1Energy and Life

Saving for a Rainy Day

Suppose you earned extra money by having a part-time job. At first, you might be tempted to spend all of the money, but then you decide to open a bank account.

1. What are the benefits of having a bank account?

2. What do you have to do if you need some of this money?

3. What might your body do when it has more energy than it needs to carry out its activities?

4. What does your body do when it needs energy?

8-1 Vocabulary

Autotroph- organism that can get energy from sunlight and use it to produce its own food; also called a producer

________ and _______ are two examples of autrotrophs that get _______ from ________.

Word bank:

the sun plants animals fungienergy other animals

ENERGY

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain what an autrotroph is.

1) What is an autotroph need for energy?

2) Give an example of an autrotroph

Autotrophs need _________.

An example of an autotroph is ________

Heterotroph- organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer

A ___________ is a heterotroph; it needs to ______ other ________ to get _______.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain what a heterotroph is.

1) What does a heterotroph need for energy?

2)Give an example of a heterotroph

Heterotrophs need _________.

An example of a heterotroph is ________

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) – chemical compounds that living things use to store energy.

ATP acts like a __________ it stores _______.

for&

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain the function of ATP

1) Describe ATP in ONE WORD

2) Describe a time when you used ATP.

ATP can be described as __________

A time that I would need ATP would be ________

8-1 Energy and Life

1. Autotrophs and Heterotrophs

a. Autotrophs: organisms, like plants, that use light energy from the sun to produce their own food Because plants can “manufacture” their own energy directly, they are self-sufficient.

b. Heterotrophs: organisms that obtain energy from foods they consume

All other forms of life, such as humans, animals, insects and even bacteria, depend on other living things for sustenance.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain what an autotroph is and a heterotroph.

A) Discuss questions 1 &2 on your notes with partner B

B) Discuss questions 3 & 4 with partner A

Question 1 & 2 Question 3 & 4

Heterotroph or Autotroph?

8-1 Energy and Life2. Chemical Energy and ATP

a. The cell’s activities are powered by chemical fuels

i. ATP is a compound that living things use to store energy

ii. ADP is the compound used to store energy in cells

i. It can hold one more phosphate when energy is needed

ii. Energy is released when ATP converts to ADP

Adenine Ribose 3 Phosphate groups

ADP ATP

Energy

EnergyAdenosine diphosphate (ADP) + Phosphate Adenosine triphosphate (ATP)

Partiallychargedbattery

Fullychargedbattery

Section 8-1

Figure 8-3 Comparison of ADP and ATP to a Battery

Go to Section:

8-1 Energy and Life

b. ATP and Glucosea. Most cells only have a small amount of ATP,

enough to last for only a few seconds of activity because it is not good for storing large amounts of energy for long periods of time

a. Glucose stores more than 90 times the energy of a molecule of ATP

b. Cells can regenerate ATP from ADP as needed by using the energy in carbohydrates, like glucose

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain ATP.

Describe a time when you use ATP?

I would use ATP when I ______________

Potato A: Tell your partner when you have used ATP.

Pota-toe B: Tell your partner what you heard them say about when they used ATP.

You have 30 seconds!

Sentence Stem for POTA-TOE B:

I heard you say that you used ATP when you____________

Pota-toe B: Tell your partner when you used ATP.

Potato A: Tell your partner what you heard them say about when they used ATP.


Sentence Stem for POTATO A:

I heard you say that you used ATP when you ____________

8-2 / 8-3Photosynthesis:

An Overview

Ag Fact: Tonight is Report card Night, if you bring your parents, you will receive FFA activity Credit.

Objective: I will be able to memorize the photosynthesis equation

8-2 Interest Grabber Trapping EnergyHave you ever used a solar-powered calculator? No

matter where you go, as long as you have a light source, the calculator works. You never have to put batteries in it.

1. A solar-powered calculator uses solar cells that are found in rows along the top of the calculator. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted so that the calculator works?

2. Recall that plants use light energy from the sun to make food. Into what kind of energy is the light energy converted by plants?

3. Most plants, no matter what size or shape they are, have some parts that are green. Which parts of a plant are usually green?

4. What does the green color have to do with the plant’s ability to convert light energy into the energy found in the food it makes?

8-2 VocabularyPhotosynthesis-

process where plants use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen and high-energy carbohydrates

________ go through photosynthesis in order to get ___________.

6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

Light

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain photosynthesis equation

1) What do plants take in during photosynthesis?

2) What do plants give out after photosynthesis?

Plants take in _____ and ______.

Plants give out _____ and ______.

Pigment- light-absorbing colored molecule

_________ is the pigment of my shirt.

_________ is the pigment in plants.

Chlorophyll- pigment of plants; capture light energy

Chlorophyll absorbs all colors except green. Green is reflected back and that is why plants are green.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, compare and contrast pigment and chlorophyll

•Pigment Definition

•Chlorophyll Sentence

•Pigment Sentence

•Chlorophyll Definition

Thylakoid-Saclike body in chloroplasts made of photosynthetic membranes that contain photosystems.

Thylakoids _______ the ______ of sunlight.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain the what thylakoids do for the cholorplast

1) Where are thylakoids found in?

2) What do they take in?

Thylakoids are found in _____

Thylakoids take in _______

8-2/8-3 Photosynthesis Notes1. The Photosynthesis Equation

a. Photosynthesis uses the energy of sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into high-energy sugar and oxygeni. 6C02 + 6H2O C6H12O6 +602

Chemically:

6C02 + 6H2O C6H12O6 +602

Green Plant

Light Energy

( Carbon dioxide + Water Sugar + Oxygen)

Written:“Six molecules of carbon dioxide plus six molecules of water combine in the presence of a green plant and light energy to form one molecule of sugar and six molecules of oxygen.”

Essential Question:Explain the reactants and products in photosynthesis

Left Side Questions:

1)Explain photosynthesis

2)What are the reactants & products of photosynthesis

Potato A: Explain photosynthesis.

Pota-toe B: Tell your partner what you heard them say about photosynthesis.



I heard you say that photosynthesis is ___________.

Left Side Question #1

Pota-toe B: Tell your partner the reactants & products in photosynthesis.

Potato A: Tell your partner what you heard them say the reactant and products are in photosynthesis.


Sentence Stem for POTATO A:

I heard you say that the reactants in photosynthesis are _______.

I heard you say that the products in photosynthesis are _______.


8-2/8-3 Photosynthesis2. Light and Pigments

a. In addition to water and carbon dioxide, photosynthesis requires light and chlorophyll, a molecule in chloroplasts

b. Plants gather the sun’s energy with light-absorbing molecules called pigments

a. The principal pigment is chlorophyll

b. Energy molecules released from the reaction are ATP & NADPH

Absorption of Light byChlorophyll a and Chlorophyll b

V B G YO R

Chlorophyll b

Chlorophyll a

Section 8-2

Figure 8-5 Chlorophyll Light Absorption

Go to Section:

8-2/8-3 Photosynthesis3. Inside a Chloroplast

a. Chloroplasts contain saclike photosynthetic membranes call thylakoids arranged in stacks

b. The thylakoids contain clusters of chlorophyll and other pigments and protein known as photosystems

c. There are two stages to photosynthesis used to make glucose

i. Light-dependent reactions: take place in the thylakoid

ii. Light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle): takes place in the stroma, outside the thylakoid

Essential Question:What organelle collects the sun’s energy?

Left Side Questions:

3) Explain what is found inside the choroloplast

4) Describe the two stages of photosynthesis

Potato A: Describe one of the photosynthesis stages.

Pota-toe B: Tell your partner what you heard them say about that photosynthesis stage.



I heard you say that ___________.


Pota-toe B : Describe the other photosynthesis stage.

Potato A: Tell your partner what you heard them say about that photosynthesis stage.


Sentence Stem for Potato A:

I heard you say that ___________.


Light Energy

Chloroplast

CO2 + H2O Sugars + O2

Section 8-2

Photosynthesis: Reactants and Products

Go to Section:

8-3Light-Dependent Reactions

& Calvin Cycle

Question of the day: What are the products of photosynthesis?

Objective: I will be able to list the two main steps of photosynthesis and the location of the two main steps

8-3 VocabularyStroma-

area outside the thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts

The stroma is the _______ outside the _________ membranes. The Calvin Cycle takes place here.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain the what stromas do for the cholorplast

1) Where is the stroma found in?

2) What process do they help with?

Stomas are found in _____

They help with _______

NADP+ (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) –

carrier molecules that transfer high-energy electrons from chlorophyll to other molecules.

NADP+ carries high - _______ electrons to ________ molecules.

Ex: Moving coal from a fireplace/campfire. You wouldn’t use your hands, you would use a bucket to carry the coals (NADP+ is the bucket)

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain the similarities between ATP and NADP

1) Describe NADP in ONE WORD.

NADP can be described as _____

Light-dependent reaction- reactions of photosynthesis that use energy from light to produce ATP and NADPH

Light- dependent reaction needs ________ to work. It takes place in the __________.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, identify where light dependent reactions take place.

1) Where does Light-Dependent Reactions take place?

Light Dependent Reactions take place in the __________

ATP synthase- large protein that uses energy from H+ ions to bind ADP and a phosphate group together to produce ATP

ADP + P = ATP

ADP ATP

ENERGY

ThinkPair

Share

Together, explain how ADP is converted into ATP.

1) How do you make ADP into ATP?

ADP is made into ATP by _____________.

Calvin Cycle- reactions of photosynthesis in which energy from ATP and NADPH is used to build high-energy compounds such as sugars.

Calvin Cycle happens in the _________ of the chloroplast. It makes _______.

ThinkPair

Share

Together, identify where the Calvin Cycle and Light Dependent Reaction Occur in..

1) Where does Light Dependent Reactions occur in?

2) Where does the Calvin Cycle happen in?

Light-dependent reaction happens in the _______.

Calvin Cycle happens in the _______.

8-3 Light-dependent Reactions1. Light-Dependent Reactions

a. Light dependent reactions produce oxygen gas and convert ADP into energy carrier ATP

a. Water is split to produce H+ and O2 (oxygen)

b. Light energy is converted into chemical bond energy (ATP and NADPH)

Chloroplast

H2O

O2

Light-Dependent Reactions

NADPHATP

ADP + P

NADP+

Chloroplast

Section 8-3

Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview

Go to Section:

Light

8-3 Calvin Cycle2. The Calvin Cycle

a.The Calvin Cycle uses energy from the light-dependent reactions to make sugars

b.As photosynthesis continues, the Calvin Cycle runs, producing sugars while removing carbon dioxide from the atmosphere

ChloropIast

CO2 Enters the Cycle

Energy Input

5-CarbonMoleculesRegenerated

Sugars and other compounds

6-Carbon SugarProduced

Chloroplast

Sugars

CO2

CalvinCycle

NADPHATP

ADP + P

NADP+

Chloroplast

Section 8-3

Figure 8-7 Photosynthesis: An Overview

Go to Section:

Photosynthesis

includes

of

take place intakes place in uses

to produce to produce

use

Light-dependentreactions

Calvin cycle

Thylakoidmembranes Stroma NADPHATPEnergy from

sunlight

ATP NADPH O2 Chloroplasts High-energysugars

Section 8-3

Concept Map

includes

of

take place intakes place in uses

to produce to produce

use

Section 8-3

Concept Map

objective

Documents

chemical energy

light energy

function of atp

heterotroph organism

autrotrophautotrophs

heterotrophheterotrophs

comparison of adp

living things