ObjectiveObjective• Analyze and compare the cultures of Analyze and compare the cultures of

Native Americans in Texas prior to Native Americans in Texas prior to European colonization.European colonization.

Native American Groups in Native American Groups in TexasTexas

Apache, Comanche, KiowaApache, Comanche, Kiowa

Native Texans of the Great Native Texans of the Great Plains RegionPlains Region

• Apache, Comanche, KiowaApache, Comanche, Kiowa• Hunted buffalo and became skilled hunters when Hunted buffalo and became skilled hunters when

introduced to the horse.introduced to the horse.• Relied on buffalo to provide them with all their Relied on buffalo to provide them with all their

living essentials- food, shelter, clothing, tools, living essentials- food, shelter, clothing, tools, weaponsweapons

ComancheComanche

• Buffalo constantly moved so they needed Buffalo constantly moved so they needed a home that was easy to take apart and a home that was easy to take apart and carry on long journeys. This led to the carry on long journeys. This led to the creation of the teepee. The Comanche creation of the teepee. The Comanche were also excellent warriors on horseback.were also excellent warriors on horseback.

Buffalo and TepeeBuffalo and TepeeGreat Plains Indians:Great Plains Indians:

Apache, Comanche, KiowaApache, Comanche, Kiowa

Native Texans of the Native Texans of the Mountains and Basins RegionMountains and Basins Region

• Jumanos and TiguasJumanos and Tiguas

• Lived in adobe houses and farmed.Lived in adobe houses and farmed.

• Adobe- brick or other building material Adobe- brick or other building material made of sun-dried mud and strawmade of sun-dried mud and straw

• Made pottery and grew cropsMade pottery and grew crops

Jumanos Indian

TiguasTiguas

Yselta del Sur

“Little Island of the south”

Adobe HomesAdobe Homes

Native Texans of the Central Native Texans of the Central PlainsPlains

• WichitaWichita

• Primarily farmers Primarily farmers

• Made clay pots, jars, and leather bags.Made clay pots, jars, and leather bags.

• Built grass houses that held 8-10 people.Built grass houses that held 8-10 people.

Wichita Grass HouseWichita Grass House

Coastal Plains IndiansCoastal Plains IndiansCoahuiltecans, Karankawas, Caddoes, Atakapans, Coahuiltecans, Karankawas, Caddoes, Atakapans, Cherokee, Alabama-CoushattaCherokee, Alabama-Coushatta

Native Texans of the Coastal Native Texans of the Coastal Plains/Gulf CoastPlains/Gulf Coast

• Nomads- one who moves from place Nomads- one who moves from place to place with no permanent home to place with no permanent home searching for foodsearching for food

• Hunted small game, gathered berriesHunted small game, gathered berries

Caddo IndiansCaddo Indians

• Built burial Built burial mounds mounds and huge and huge templestemples

The KarankawasThe Karankawas• They lived They lived

between between Corpus Christi Corpus Christi and Galvestonand Galveston

Karankawa Canoe