objectives - nonrenewable describe nonrenewable energy consumption. describe the production of...
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Objectives - NonrenewableObjectives - Nonrenewable
Describe nonrenewable energy consumption.
Describe the production of energy from oil and natural gas.
Describe nonrenewable energy consumption.
Describe the production of energy from oil and natural gas.
Important Nonrenewable Energy SourcesImportant Nonrenewable Energy Sources
Fig. 15-10 p. 350Fig. 15-10 p. 350
World
Nuclear power 6%
Hydropower, geothermal,solar, wind
7%
NaturalGas12%
Biomass11%
Oil32%
Coal21%
Evaluating Energy ResourcesEvaluating Energy Resources Renewable vs. nonrenewable Renewable vs. nonrenewable
Future availability Future availability Net energy yield Net energy yield
Cost Cost Environmental effects Environmental effects
Fig. 15-12 p. 351
Back to the Future!Back to the Future!
Year
210020251950187518000
20
40
60
80
100
Con
trib
utio
n to
tot
al e
nerg
yco
nsum
ptio
n (p
erce
nt)
Wood
Coal
Oil
Nuclear
HydrogenSolar
Natural gas
OilOil
Petroleum (crude v heavy crude)
Petroleum (crude v heavy crude)
35% economical (more with higher prices)
35% economical (more with higher prices)
Petrochemicals - byproducts
Petrochemicals - byproducts
Refining Refining Transporting –
net energy
Transporting – net energy
Oil SuppliesOil SuppliesOPEC – 67% global reservesOPEC – 67% global reservesUS – 3% reserves; Uses 26% of
production
US – 3% reserves; Uses 26% of production
Supplies declining
Supplies declining
Oil
(mill
ion
bar
rels
pe r
da y
) 60
50
30
20
10
1970 1980 1990 2000 2010Year
40
20200
History Projections
Domestic Supply
Consumption
Energy crisis?
Energy crisis?
How Long Will the Oil Party Last? How Long Will the Oil Party Last?
• Saudi Arabia could supply the world with oil for about 10 years.
• The Alaska’s North Slope could meet the world oil demand for 6 months (U.S.: 3 years).
• Alaska’s Arctic National Wildlife Refuge would meet the world demand for 1-5 months (U.S.: 7-25 months)
How Long Will the Oil Party Last? How Long Will the Oil Party Last?
• We have three options:
– Look for more oil.
–Use or waste less oil.
–Use something else.
Oil Advantages and DisadvantagesOil Advantages and Disadvantages
Low land use
Easily transportedwithin and between countries
High netenergy yield
Low cost (withhuge subsidies)
Ample supply for42–93 years
Advantages
Moderate waterpollution
Releases CO2 when burned
Air pollutionwhen burned
Artificially low price encourageswaste and discourages search for alternatives
Need to findsubstitute within50 years
Disadvantages
Efficient distribu-tion system
Oil Shale and Tar SandOil Shale and Tar SandOil shale - rock Oil shale - rock
Low net energy Low net energy
Tar sand Tar sand
Fig. 15-28 p. 361Fig. 15-28 p. 361
Low grade Low grade
Large supplies Large supplies
Natural GasNatural Gas
50-90% methane50-90% methaneDrilled with oilDrilled with oilLarger suppliesLarger suppliesCleanerCleaner
Fig. 15-29 p. 362Fig. 15-29 p. 362
Synfuel
How Would You Vote?How Would You Vote?• Do the advantages of relying on
conventional oil as the world’s major energy resource outweigh its disadvantages?
• http://tinyurl.com/oilquestions
Objectives – Nonrenewable EnergyObjectives – Nonrenewable Energy
Objectives - NonrenewableObjectives - Nonrenewable
Describe nonrenewable energy consumption.
Describe the production of energy from oil and natural gas.
Describe nonrenewable energy consumption.
Describe the production of energy from oil and natural gas.