objectives of welding

8/10/2019 Objectives of welding

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1.0OBJECTIVES

To perform on of the welding techniques and understand important of arc welding.

Define the problem that occurs on the arc welding.

Recognize the type of metal, electrode, and tools that are used in arc welding.

Recognize types of arc welding and steps to create the arc welding.

To know safety measure when use the welding machine along the welding process.

2.0INTRODUCTION

Shielded metal arc-welding (SMAW) is one of the oldest, simplest and most versatile

joining process.

Nearly half of all industrial and maintenance welding currently is performed by this

process.

The electric arc is generated by touching the tip of a coated electrode against

workpiece and withdrawing it quickly to a distance sufficient to maintain the arc.

The heat generated melts a portion of the electrode tip, its coating and the base metal

in the immediate arc area.

The Stick welding power source provides constant current (CC) and may be either

alternating current (AC) or direct current (DC), depending on the electrode being

used. The best welding characteristics are usually obtained using DC power sources.

The electrode coating deoxidizes the weld area provides a shielding gas to protect it

from oxygen in the environment.

This welding process can be accomplished by a number of different methods. One

primary difference in this method is the energy sources used for welding-an electric

arc, gas flame, laser, even ultrasound.

As a rule, welding is pretty much the same across industries, so welders have the

flexibility of shifting from one industry to another, depending on demand.

Today, welders is needed almost everywhere, welding careers are in demand right

now. If you are good welding with some experience, you have got a real good chance

of finding a job just about anywhere in country.


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3.0SAFETY

3.1Safety in shop floor

Arc welding can be hazardous

Read and follow all labels and the owners manual carefully

Only qualified person are to install, operate or service the

machine.

Keep children away

Pacemaker weares keep away

Welding wire and drive parts may be at welding voltage

Electric shock can kill

Always wear dry insulating gloves

Insulate yourself from work and ground

Do not touch live electrical parts

Disconnect input power before servicing

Keep all panels and covers securely inplace

Fumes and gases can be hazardous

Keep your head out of the fumes

Ventilate area, or use breathing device

Welding can cause fire or explosion

Do not weld near flammable material

Watch for fire

Do not locate unit over combustion surface

Do not weld on closed containers.

Arc rays can burn eyes and skin

Wear welding helmet with correct filter


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3.2Objectives Of Shop Floor Safety

To ensure student are able to do a work in a safe environment.

To make sure student know the hazards in the workshop and safety action

should be taken by them.

To train student to operate the machine safely and avoid the hazard.

Warned student the right way to use the machine that is not broken.

Warned student to report any emergencies or accidents to the supervisor.

3.3 Safety Measure in Shop Floor

Welding is a process involving with electricity and high temperature (heat), so we

must take precaution in doing this process to as precaution. The safety are:

1)

Wear safety equipment such as head shield, glove and apron (safety

jacket) before start welding.

2) Do not watch the ultraviolet rays spatter when welding using eye without a

head Shield.

3) Carry Out at a comfortable area and where the is good welding will be done away

from the flammable materials.

4) Do not disturb other student that are still work.

5) Do not use tools that we do not recognize.


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4.0METHODOLOGY

1.

First, cut the iron rod into 10 cm pieces and each student get two pieces of it

2.

Clean the surface of the metal plate with wire brush before welding.

3. Mark the point where you wish to begin your weld on the metal plate.

4. Select the appropriate electrode with the type of your work.

5. Adjust the electrical current between the electrodes as suitable for the particular size

80-90

6. Welding on a flat surface and the angle between the electrode and the object of work

is between 15-30 degree .

7. The metal plate has two surface, so one of surface do a welding line in three line.

While another surface do a welding woven in three line also.


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8. Then, strike an arc with long scratching motion of the electrode across the workpiece.

9. Finally of the weld, quickly lift the electrode away from the workpiece.

10.

The electrode was dropped from the holder and put down the electrode holder.

11.Wearing clear shield on the welding helmet, chip away the slag on the weld bead.

12.After completed all the above process, make sure to tidy up your worktable.


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5.0OBSERVATION

1.

The north is not uniform or uneven Using the appropriate degrees of inclination.

Adjust the voltage

2. The plates are not in a straight position

Making a nail at the end of the weld plates

Use the support plate to establish the position of the plate to get a straight

plate

3. The difference should affect the melting of metals

80-85 = slow molten metal


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6.0RESULT

As a result, what I can conclude on my work is that:

By using high current, the electrode melt faster and molten puddle will be excessively

large and irregular. It will also leave a groove in the base metal along both sides of

the weld and therefore undercut will occur.

Effects of high current:

Spatter occurs in large drops alongside the weld.

Bead is too wide, too thin and undercut at edges.

Flux melts too rapidly, runs off the top of the weld.

If the current is too low, there is not enough heat to melt the base metal and the

molten pool will be too small.

Effects of low current during weld:

Inadequate penetration (weak weld).

Difficulty in striking arc.

Arc goes out often and difficulty in maintaining the arc.

From my welding techniques is that the speed that I used is too fast. As a result, the

molten pool will be thin and irregular. This will also lead to lack of penetration where

shallow fusions happen between weld metal and base metal.

7.0CONCLUSION

As conclusion, the objective can achievable to do the practical welding. The student must

have skill to do the welding, used the knowledge and understanding of the theories, and also

welding techniques are applied in the practical welding. The practical task have been


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complete and the report will accomplished to prove the student can be do the practical task of

Shielded metal arc-welding (SMAW).

objectives of welding

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