objects at heights webinar
TRANSCRIPT
Objects At Heights
Working Safely to Stop Raining Wrenches on Your Co-‐Workers
Agenda
• Introduc;on • Safety at Heights Overview • Risk Awareness • Costs • Controls and Best Prac;ce • Summary
SAFETY AT HEIGHTS OVERVIEW
Safety At Heights Hierarchy
Safety at Heights
Workers at Heights
Objects at Heights
Fall Protec8on Solu8ons
Other PPE Solu8ons
Access Solu8ons
Dropped Objects Solu8ons
Housekeeping Solu8ons
Equipment Transport Solu8ons
Workers at Heights
Fall Protec8on Solu8ons
Other PPE Solu8ons
Access Solu8ons
Connectors Head & Eye
Protec8on Hand
Protec8on Temperature Control
LiFs
Ladders Rope Access
Passive Systems
Ac8ve Systems: ABC’s
Objects at Heights
Dropped Objects Solu8ons
Housekeeping Solu8ons
Equipment Transport Solu8ons
Passive Systems
Ac8ve Systems: 3T’s Tool Org. Cord Org. Gear Org.
Hois8ng Carrying
AWARENESS IS KEY
Risk Awareness
• Defining Dropped Objects – Any object/item that falls from its previous posi;on – Typically considers workers {themselves} as separate category (fall protec;on)
– Can be large or small: • Tools • PPE • Equipment • Structure • Other loose items
DROPPED OBJECTS
Risk Awareness
• Sta;c Dropped Objects – Any object that falls from a sta;onary posi;on under its own weight
• Dynamic Dropped Objects
– Any object that falls as a result of a secondary force such as being struck by another object or involved in a collision
DROPPED OBJECTS
Risk Awareness
• Dropped Object Causes – Elements:
• Environmental (wind, rain, snow, sea mo;on) • Corrosion or other deteriora;on • Vibra;on • Body effects (sweaty or numb hands, fa;gue)
– Worker or Equipment Generated: • Tripping or colliding • Poor housekeeping • Not following procedures • Miscalcula;ons and poor design • Missed or inadequate inspec;ons • Homemade tools and equipment
DROPPED OBJECTS
Risk Awareness
• Poor housekeeping – Unorganized // unclean workplace
– Unnecessary movement and ;me at height
– Cords laying across walkways, plaYorms, etc.
– Foreign material concerns
HOUSEKEEPING
Risk Awareness
• Improper equipment transport – Not maintaining 3 points of contact – Overloading a climber
• Physical toll on body • Exceeding fall protec;on capacity
– Overflowing containers – Using improper rated containers
EQUIPMENT TRANSPORTATION
Costs of Not Taking Action
1. Injury or Fatality
2. Damage
3. Lost Produc;vity
Costs
• Dropped Objects – Struck by falling object (worker or bystander) – Falls from height
• Gut reac;on trying to catch falling object • Tool pulling worker down with it if tethered improperly
• Poor housekeeping and transport – Slips, trips and falls (same level or from height) – Sprains and strains – Struck by falling objects
INJURY OR FATALITY
Costs
• US: In 2012, there were 509 fatali;es from being struck by an object or equipment. (476 in 2011)
• 241 of these fatali;es were caused by a falling object (219 in 2011) – Represents 46% of all “Struck By” fatali;es (same in 2011)
– Represents just over 5% of all workplace fatali;es (5% in 2011)
INJURY OR FATALITY
*Source: www.bls.gov (2012 data)
Costs
• Average cost per worker for a medically consulted injury: $39,000
• For a fatal accident, the average economic cost by class and severity is approximately $1.42 million (per fatality) – 2012 fatali;es = 241 x $1.42 million = $342.2 Million! – Indirect costs not included – No dollar amount compares to a worker not coming home to their family
INJURY OR FATALITY
*Na;onal Safety Council Injury Facts 2012
Costs
• UK: Health & Safety Execu;ve • In 2012 & 2013, there were 7,456
reported struck by incidents including struck by flying/falling objects – 10 fatali;es (21 in 2012) – 2,075 non-‐fatal major injuries – 5,371 over seven day injuries
• This represents 13% of all reported accidents
INJURY OR FATALITY
*hqp://www.hse.gov.uk/sta;s;cs/ (RIDDOR Table RIDKIND1 – 2012/13)
Costs
• Australia – In 2013, there were 24 fatali;es from being struck by a falling object
– Represen;ng 13% of workplace fatality in 2013
– In 2013, there were 24 falls from height in AUS!
INJURY OR FATALITY
*Source: hqp://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au/ (2013 Trauma;c Injury Fatali;es Report)
Costs
• Dropped objects can cause damage to… – The Dropped Item Itself – An Object Below – The Structure Being Worked On – Equipment From Foreign Objects – The Environment
DAMAGE
Costs
• Lost produc;vity can result from… – Work stoppage to inves;gate a near miss – Descending back down to retrieve a job essen;al tool and climbing back up to complete task
LOST PRODUCTIVITY
Who Is At Risk?
» Utilities » Telecommunications » Construction » Wind Energy
» Oil & Gas » Mining » Electricians/Service Techs » Transportation
AERIAL APPLICATIONS
Who Is At Risk?
» Nuclear » Manufacturing » Food Processing » Transportation (Aviation)
» Underwater MRO » Oil & Gas » Mining » Construction
NON-AERIAL APPLICATIONS
CONTROLS & BEST PRACTICE
O@H Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)
HOC Overview
O@H Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)
Hierarchy of Controls
• O@H Defini;on – Secondary Protec;on Solu;ons – Protects/covers the worker or deflects an object auer it has fallen
• Examples: – Hard Hats, Steel Toe Boots, Eyewear, Hand Protec;on
PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT {PPE}
O@H Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)
Hierarchy of Controls
• O@H Defini;on – Changing the behavior of individuals
• Awareness & Communica;on – Signs, S;ckers, Barricade Tape – Tool Box Talks – Training, Training, Training!
• Policies & Procedures – Checklists (Pre, During, Post Job) – “Red Areas” or “Drop Zones” – Hois;ng vs Carrying Procedures
ADMINISTRATIVE CONTROLS
O@H Hierarchy of Controls (HOC)
Hierarchy of Controls
• O@H Defini;on – Aims to prevent the object from falling (keeps them from happening)
• Two types – Passive Engineering Controls
• Does not require ac;ve par;cipa;on from the worker
– Ac;ve Engineering Controls • Requires ac;ve par;cipa;on from the worker
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Hierarchy of Controls
• Passive Engineering Controls – Toe Boards, Nexng, Guarding, Barricading, Secondary Reten;on
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
Hierarchy of Controls
• Ac;ve Engineering Controls – Connectors, Lanyards, Topped Containers
ENGINEERING CONTROLS
WHAT DO THE REGULATORS SAY?
Regulations
• US: OSHA – Scaffolds: 1926.451(h) – “falling object protec;on” – Fall Protec;on: 1926.501(c) – "Protec;on from falling objects"
– Steel Erec;on:1926.759(a) – “Securing loose items alou” – General Duty Clause
• CAN: Canada OH&S Regula;ons – Na;onal regula;on men;ons risk in 3 specific applica;ons – “Protect Your Head!” ar;cle: “Hard hats are the only piece of equipment that can protect you against these risks.” – NOT TRUE!
*USA Department of Labor – OSHA 1926: www.osha.gov *Govt of Canada: www.labour.gc.ca
Regulations
• UK: HSE Work at Height Regula;on – Falling Objects (10) – Every employer shall take steps to prevent the fall of any material or object.
• AUS: Model Workplace Health & Safety (WHS)
– Division 10 Falling objects • Management of risk of falling objects • Minimizing risk associated with falling objects
• BRA: MTE Ministry of Labor and Employment – “using tools with mooring to prevent their accidental fall”
*Work at Heights Regulations 2005: www.legislation.gov.uk *Safe Work Australia – Model WHS Regulations: http://www.safeworkaustralia.gov.au *Brasil MTE: http://portal.mte.gov.br/portal-mte/
DROPS
• DROPS: Dropped Objects Preven;on Scheme – Focused on preven;ng dropped objects in the Oil & Gas industry
– Work to spread awareness, create best prac;ces, and promote safety
– Over 130 members worldwide – Ergodyne is a proud member – www.dropsonline.org
SOLUTIONS
Hierarchy Of Controls
OBJECTS AT HEIGHTS SOLUTIONS
Administrative Controls
AWARENESS & EDUCATIONAL MATERIALS
Administrative Controls
• Pre-‐task Assessments, Checks and Precau;ons: – Sta;c and Dynamic Dropped Objects Controls
– Task Planning – Before Star;ng Work – Working at Height – Tasks Involving Loading or Liuing – Liu Plans and Collision Checklist Examples
POLICIES & PROCEDURES: DROPS GUIDELINES
Hierarchy of Controls
OBJECTS AT HEIGHTS SOLUTIONS
• Trapped – Captures a connec;on point on tools that do not have one built in.
• Tethered – Prevents object from falling by securing to a worker or other anchor point.
• Topped – Cover buckets, pouches, and other containers to avoid spilling their contents.
ACTIVE SOLUTIONS: THE 3 T’s OF O@H SAFETY
//TRAPPED
The Issue
• Overview – Most tools lack convenient connec;on points
– Aqaching a lanyard is the most challenging part of tethering
– Un;l tool manufacturers change designs, retrofit solu;ons will be needed
LACK OF BUILT-IN CONNECTION POINTS
The Solution
A COMPLETE TETHERING SYSTEM
//TETHERED
The Issue
• Factors 1. Capacity: Weight of the item being
tethered
2. Connectors: Type of connec;on needed for tool
3. Clearance, reach, and snag hazard: Length of lanyard and amount of retrac;on
CHOOSING THE RIGHT TOOL LANYARD
Tethered
• Tool Lanyards – Know the type of lanyard needed to do the job
Tethered
• Other Lanyards – Secure more than just your tools
//TOPPED
Topped
• Factors 1. Carrying vs. Hois;ng – Limit the weight
on the climber’s body and allow for climbing with 3 points of contact at all ;mes.
2. Type of Equipment – Whether small parts or large objects, the container should have a top, closure, or ;e down.
3. Weight of the Equipment – Compare to the capacity of container.
4. Container Material – What type of material is best for the elements being worked in.
Topped
• Carrying – Pouches & Bags – Avoid spilling contents when
bending, twisting, or reaching
Topped
• Hoisting – Buckets & bags – Secure contents if container tips
over or catches while in transit
Tested & Tagged
• All solu;ons are third party cer;fied • Stringently tested using a safety factor
– Tool Lanyards = 2:1 (dynamic) dropped mul;ple ;mes
– Bags and Buckets = 4:1 (sta;c) held for length of ;me
• Why safety factors? – Individuals know their weight but likely
guess their equipment’s – High poten;al for misuse
• All equipment marked with cer;fied capacity informa;on
RECOMMENDED GUIDELINES FOR O@H EQUIPMENT
ONE FINAL CONSIDERATION
Your primary preven;on to dropped objects…
…Your Grip!
• Hand Protec;on – Choose a glove with ample grip and dexterity
– Consider the elements being worked in (hot/cold temps)
– Consider the materials being worked with (grease, oil, etc.)
– Consider the other hand protec;on risks on the job
LET’S REVIEW…
Summary
• Objects at Heights Safety should be a part of every safety at heights plan: secure people and objects!
• Objects at Heights Plans should have drop preven;on, housekeeping, and safe transport prac;ces in place for increased safety.
• Use the hierarchy of controls by implemen;ng Engineering Controls (PREVENTION) in addi;on to Administra;on Controls and PPE Controls (PROTECTION).
• Remember the 3 T’s: Trapped, Tethered, and Topped. • Make sure your equipment is Tested and Tagged by the
manufacturer.
Thank You!
For ques;ons or comments, please e-‐mail [email protected]