observing o we observe when we use one or more of our senses to find out about objects, events, or...
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Observing O We observe when we use
one or more of our senses to find out about objects, events, or living things
O An observation is a FACT learned directly through the senses.
O SightO TouchO SmellO taste
Observing
What it is How we observe
•Fact•5 Senses:• Sight• Touch• Smell• Taste• sound
•Use as many senses aspossible•Never taste unless told!•Describe only what you observe with your senses.•Notice changes. Describe Before, during and after changes.
Observing O I see _________O I feel _________O I hear ________O I smell _______O I taste_______
O ****Do NOT name what you are observing. Just DESCRIBE.
Observing OQualitative – describe qualities (features and descriptions)O The eye appears to be green.O The kid is eating a red
strawberry.
OQuantitative – describe quantities (amounts)O I see four pictures on this slideO The hand has five fingers
Classifying – To Sort/Organize We classify when we
use observations to group objects or events according to similarities and differences.
OOne categoryOTwo categoriesOMany categories
ProducersConsumers
Classifying
What it is How we classify
•Grouping objects or events based on similarities or differences
•Divide a set of objects into 2 or more groups based on 1 property•Continue to divide the groups based on more observations•Create diagram or chart of groups
Inferring We infer when we
use our past experiences and background knowledge to draw conclusions and make explanations about events not directly observed
It looks like water,
It feels like water,
It pours like water
Inferring Vs. ObservationsOBSERVATIONS
O Any information collected with the senses.
O measureable or countable
O 3 meters longO 4 marblesO 50 kilogramsO 35 degrees Celsius
O describable, not measureable
O red flowersO smells like fresh
baked cookiesO Tastes bitter
O The skill of describing scientific events
INFERENCEO Conclusions or
deductions based on observations.
O The process of drawing a conclusion from given evidence.
O Practice: O Observations:
O I hear people screaming
O I smell cotton candy, popcorn, and hamburgers
O I see a lot of peopleO Inference = ?
ExamplesO Observations
O II see that the plant is extremely wilted.
O It sounds like the car stopped running
O The Titans are leading their division
O Inferences
O That plant is extremely wilted due to a lack of water.
O The car stooped running because it was out of gas.
O The Titans are leading their division because they are playing well right now.
Look at these two sets of animal tracks.
List 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE
Now what do you think?
Make 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE
Now what do you think?
Make 3 OBSERVATIONS
Make an INFERENCE
Inferring
What it is How we infer
•Use past experiences to make explanations
•Observe object or event
•Use past experiences to explain what you observed
•Make new observations to decide if your inference is acceptable
HypothesizeO A hypothesis is an educated guess
O A possible explanation for a set of observations or answer to a scientific question
O A hypothesis is something that can be tested
O BASED ON RESEARCH: You should be able to give reasons why you chose your hypothesis.
O Hypotheses can either be supported or disproved
PredictingO What will happen in the future? Use observations
and background knowledge to make predictions about the future.
O You state the anticipated outcomes of new or changed situations using your previous / past/ prior knowledge, experiences, and observations.
O I believe that the egg will float in salt water and sink in fresh water.
O I think it is going to rain because it looks cloudy outside.
O A forecast of future events.O Based on your observations.O Based on cause and effect relationships (since this
happened, then this will happen).O Should be more accurate as you get more information.
Analyzing
OStudying results, evidence or data very closely
OExamining information very closely