OBSERVING THE SKYOBSERVING THE SKYOBSERVING THE SKYOBSERVING THE SKY

Chapter 1Chapter 1Chapter 3Chapter 3

ConstellationConstellations and s and NavigationNavigation

ORIGINS OF ASTRONOMYORIGINS OF ASTRONOMYORIGINS OF ASTRONOMYORIGINS OF ASTRONOMY

CELESTIAL SPHERECELESTIAL SPHERECELESTIAL SPHERECELESTIAL SPHERE

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

Let’s say we find a star that is located on the Let’s say we find a star that is located on the points or circles in the sky listed below.Then points or circles in the sky listed below.Then on the same night we move to a location that on the same night we move to a location that is some significant distance from our first is some significant distance from our first location. There will now be a different star onlocation. There will now be a different star on

A)A) the celestial north polethe celestial north pole

B)B) the zenith the zenith

C)C) the celestial equator the celestial equator

D)D) all of the above all of the above

APPARENT SKY ROTATIONAPPARENT SKY ROTATIONAPPARENT SKY ROTATIONAPPARENT SKY ROTATION

STAR CIRCLESSTAR CIRCLESSTAR CIRCLESSTAR CIRCLES

STAR TRAILS NEAR THE STAR TRAILS NEAR THE POLEPOLE

STAR TRAILS NEAR THE STAR TRAILS NEAR THE POLEPOLE

EQUATORIAL STAR TRAILSEQUATORIAL STAR TRAILSEQUATORIAL STAR TRAILSEQUATORIAL STAR TRAILS

INTERMEDIATE LATITUDE INTERMEDIATE LATITUDE STAR TRAILSSTAR TRAILS

INTERMEDIATE LATITUDE INTERMEDIATE LATITUDE STAR TRAILSSTAR TRAILS

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

Imagine Canadian troops are stationed in a country Imagine Canadian troops are stationed in a country located on the equator. Which of the following would located on the equator. Which of the following would be familiar to them (the same at the equator as in be familiar to them (the same at the equator as in Canada)?Canada)?

A)A) the celestial poles are on the north andthe celestial poles are on the north andsouth points of the horizonsouth points of the horizon

B)B) the celestial equator is overhead and the celestial equator is overhead and passes through the zenithpasses through the zenith

C)C) all stars rise and set all stars rise and set

D)D) none of the above are the same on the none of the above are the same on the equator as in Canada equator as in Canada

STAR TRAILSSTAR TRAILSSTAR TRAILSSTAR TRAILS

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

ALL CONSTELLATIONS NORTH OF WHAT ALL CONSTELLATIONS NORTH OF WHAT LATITUDE ARE CIRCUMPOLAR FROM LATITUDE ARE CIRCUMPOLAR FROM VANCOUVER?VANCOUVER?

(Latitude of Vancouver is 49 degrees)(Latitude of Vancouver is 49 degrees)

A)A) 0 degrees0 degrees

B)B) 41 degrees 41 degrees

C)C) 49 degrees 49 degrees

D)D) 90 degrees 90 degrees

EARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSION

EARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSIONEARTH’S PRECESSION

ORIGINS of ASTRONOMYORIGINS of ASTRONOMYORIGINS of ASTRONOMYORIGINS of ASTRONOMY

ConstellationConstellations and s and NavigationNavigation

ConstellationConstellations and s and TimekeepingTimekeeping Daily rotation of

sky is a unit of time = 1 day

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

FOR ABOUT HOW LONG WAS THE CAMERA FOR ABOUT HOW LONG WAS THE CAMERA OPEN IN THIS PICTURE?OPEN IN THIS PICTURE?

A)A) 30 seconds30 seconds

B)B) 5 minutes 5 minutes

C)C) 2 hours 2 hours

D)D) 5 hours 5 hours

The Spinning EarthThe Spinning EarthThe Spinning EarthThe Spinning Earth

How do we know that the Earth is How do we know that the Earth is spinningspinning

on its axis?on its axis?

Is it not possible that the Earth does Is it not possible that the Earth does not spinnot spin

and the sky spins around the Earth?and the sky spins around the Earth?

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

Foucault PendulumFoucault Pendulum

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

Foucault PendulumFoucault Pendulum

Velocity of Moon at Velocity of Moon at Rising and SettingRising and Setting

PHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOON

PHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOON

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

AT WHAT TIME DOES THE WAXING AT WHAT TIME DOES THE WAXING CRESCENT MOON SET?CRESCENT MOON SET?

A)A) 9:00 AM9:00 AM

B)B) 3:00 PM 3:00 PM

C)C) 9:00 PM 9:00 PM

D)D) MIDNIGHT MIDNIGHT

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

AT WHAT TIME DOES THE FIRST QUARTER AT WHAT TIME DOES THE FIRST QUARTER MOON RISE?MOON RISE?

A)A) 9:00 AM9:00 AM

B)B) NOON NOON

C)C) 9:00 PM 9:00 PM

D)D) MIDNIGHT MIDNIGHT

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

Foucault PendulumFoucault Pendulum

Velocity of Moon at Velocity of Moon at Rising and SettingRising and Setting

PHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOONPHASES of the MOON

ECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRY

NewNewNewNew

NewNew

NewNew

55ºº

FullFullFullFull

FullFull

FullFullEarth’s OrbitEarth’s Orbit

ECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRYECLIPSE GEOMETRY

FLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARDFLASHCARD

WHAT IS THE SHORTEST POSSIBLE PERIOD WHAT IS THE SHORTEST POSSIBLE PERIOD OF TIME BETWEEN A SOLAR AND A LUNAR OF TIME BETWEEN A SOLAR AND A LUNAR ECLIPSE?ECLIPSE?

A)A) 1 Day1 Day

B)B) 1 Week 1 Week

C)C) 2 Weeks 2 Weeks

D)D) 1 month 1 month

SOLAR ECLIPSE GEOMETRYSOLAR ECLIPSE GEOMETRYSOLAR ECLIPSE GEOMETRYSOLAR ECLIPSE GEOMETRY

SOLAR ECLIPSESOLAR ECLIPSESOLAR ECLIPSESOLAR ECLIPSE

SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008

SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008SOLAR ECLIPSE 2008

LUNAR ECLIPSELUNAR ECLIPSELUNAR ECLIPSELUNAR ECLIPSE

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

Foucault PendulumFoucault Pendulum

Velocity of Moon at Velocity of Moon at Rising and SettingRising and Setting

Long Range ProjectilesLong Range Projectiles

EARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXISEARTH SPINS on its AXIS

Evidence of Evidence of Earth’s SpinEarth’s SpinDaily rotation of Daily rotation of

Celestial SphereCelestial Sphere

Foucault PendulumFoucault Pendulum

Velocity of Moon at Velocity of Moon at Rising and SettingRising and Setting

Long Range ProjectilesLong Range Projectiles

Prevailing Wind Prevailing Wind CirculationCirculation

CONCLUSIONS REGARDING CONCLUSIONS REGARDING SPIN of EARTHSPIN of EARTH

CONCLUSIONS REGARDING CONCLUSIONS REGARDING SPIN of EARTHSPIN of EARTH

Earth rotates once per Earth rotates once per day from west to east day from west to east (counter-clockwise as (counter-clockwise as seen from above the seen from above the north pole) about an north pole) about an axis that passes axis that passes through the north and through the north and south poles. south poles.

Celestial sphereCelestial sphere

North North celestial polecelestial pole

South South celestial polecelestial pole

Celestial equatorCelestial equator