oc6thsem,splicing

8/9/2019 oc6thsem,Splicing

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Optical Fiber Jointing


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Source-to-fiber coupling


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Misalignments


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Axial Offset


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Longitudinal offset effect


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Comparison of misalignment effects


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Optical Fibre Splicing Methodsand Precautions


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Splice Permanent connection between two

Fibres

Involves cutting of the edges of thetwo fibres to be spliced

Alignment of the cores of the fibres tobe connected is important to reducesplice loss


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Splicing Methods Single Fiber Mechanical

splicing Adhesive bonding or Glue

splicing

Temp. Mechanical splicing Fusion Splicing


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Single Fiber

Mechanical splicing

Single Fiber Capillary

Aligns two fiber ends to a common centerline,

thereby aligning cores

Clean, cleaved fibers are butted together and

index matched Permanently secured with epoxy or adhesive.


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Mechanical Splice

SpliceLocation

Uncoated

FiberCoated

Fiber


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Adhesive Bonding

or Glue Splicing

Oldest splicing technique.

A two component epoxy is used as

the bonding agent.

Not reliable as fusion splicing

technique and hence rarely used.


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Mechanical Splicing

Mainly used for temporary splicing in

case of emergency repairing Also convenient to connect measuring

instruments to bare fibers for takingvarious measurements

Consist of 4 basic components


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Mechanical Splicing

Components

An alignment surface for mating

fiber ends A retainer

An index matching material

A protective housing


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Most popular splicing technique.

Achieved through electrical arc.

Splicing loss can be minimized as lowas 0.01 dB/joint.

Splice joint needs mechanical

protection and protection from

moisture. For this epoxy resin coating

and heat shrinkable tube are used.

Fusion Splicing


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Fusion Splicing Contd

Suitable for SMF for use in long haul

network

The splice loss indicated by the splicing

machine is only an estimated loss.

After every splicing is over, the splice lossmeasurement is to be taken by an OTDR


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Fusion splicing


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Loading of Single Mode Fiber in

Splicing Closure There are two types of closures

Underground application,

SC

Equipment room

Wall Splicing Closure (WSC).

The process of jointing is as given below:

Cable Sheath Removal Splicing Closure Preparation (WSC & SC).

Fiber strip and splicing (using splicing machine byfusion process).

Splicingtray loading.


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PrecautionsSite Preparation

C

areful site preparation for areliable fusion splice

Control on dust, high wind andcorrosive atmospheres to avoid

problems with fiber alignment andcontamination


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Precautions ContdMinimizing Contamination

Once the fiber is stripped, cleaved andcleaned, speed is essential to minimize

contamination related problem

Contamination on bare fiber surface during

the arc fusion step may increase splice loss,

reduce splice tensile strength or both


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Precautions Contd

Cable Preparation Cable preparation and handling procedures should be

as per recommendations of the cable manufacturer.

Recommendations by the cable manufacturer will bedifferent for different cables.

Individual fiber lengths should be sufficiently availableso that the fibers after splicing can be kept withoutsharp bends or kinks.

Some excess fiber length should be available for re-splicing, if required


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Precautions Contd

Fiber Preparation

Avoid damaging the surface of the fiber whenmechanically or thermally stripping fibers

Use of proper sized stripping tool

No more than two inches of the coating should bestripped at one time to avoid damage to the glass

Use of chemicals for stripping fibers not preferable Fibers exposed to the chemical solvent must be

thoroughly cleaned after stripping


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Precautions Contd

Any acrylic coating residue that remains after

stripping should be removed from the bare fiber

surface Minimum handling of cleaned fibers until

completion of the splice to minimize contamination

Complete the splicing process as quickly aspossible, since delay will expose the fiber to

additional airborne contaminants


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