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OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH RISKS1 Oktober 2001

Occupational Health Risks:

• Biological Risk

• Chemical Risk

• Physical Risk

Prevention an Control o! E"posure:

Strategi pencegahan:• Prohibition

• Elimination

• Substitution

Strategi kontrol:

• Containment

• Isolation

• entilation

• Segregation ! "arak# umur# $aktu# se%

• Change o& process• Re'uce' time e%posure

• (ilution# neutrali)ation

• Elimination

• Substitution

Strategi penun"ang kesehatan:

• Cleaning an' house keeping arrangements

• Pre*enti*e maintenance

• +el&are amenity pro*ision ,terse'ianya bahan-bahan penun"ang.

• Personal hygiene• /P(

• ealth sur*eillance

• In&ormation# instruction# training# propagan'a# "oint consultation

Occupational ealth Practitioners

Occupational ealth urses:

• ealth super*ision• ealth e'ucation

• En*ironment monitoring 3 occupational sa&ety

• Counseling

• 4reatment ser*ices

• Rehabilitation 3 resettlement

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• 5nit a'ministrator 3 recor' system

• 6iaison $ith other agencies ,hubungan ker"asama.

PH#SICAL RISK

4emperatur yang ekstrim# pencahayaan# *entilasi# kelembaban# bising# *ibrasi# ra'iasiyang ekstrim# gerakan otot yang berulang-ulang7

Ra'iasi : proses keluarnya energi 'ari ben'a

Ionisasi : proses masuk-keluarnya elektron 'ari atom ! bermuatan

Ra'iasi ionisasi : α,β,δ, γ # neutron# sinar cosmis7

Ra'iasi non ionisasi : laser# 5# IR Cahaya tampak : micro$a*e# P

E!ek Raiasi:

6okal : merah sampai rusak

8eneral : ringan ! berat ,muntah# 'iare ! keman'ulan# kanker# kel7 genetik.

9ontrol : pe$a'ahan

Pre*enti& : /P(# membatasi $aktu paparan

Ke$isin%an:

E&ek : - keti'aknyamanan- gangguan pen'engaran ,tuli perspekti&# tuli kon'ukti&.

9ontrol 'an pencegahan:

• engurangi kebisingan pa'a sumber 'an transmisi7

• /P(

• engatur "arak

&i$rasi '(etaran):

Penyakit yang 'itimbulkan: ibration In'uce' +hite ;inger ,I+;. hampir sama

'engan Raynaun'<s Syn'rome ,here'iter.78e"ala: nyeri# rasa tebal pa'a u"ung "ari# u"ung "ari men"a'i pucat# ! sensiti*itas

sampai batas area# kemu'ian kehitaman 'an men"a'i nekrosis7

9ontrol : re'esign alat untuk melin'ungi 'ari getaran7

9elainan pa'a /nggota 8erak:

RSI ,Repetiti*e Strain In"ury.

Penyakit:

• Epicon'olitis

• Periten'initis

• Carpal 4urner Syn'rome

• 4en'onitis

• 4en'osyno*itis

• 9ontraktur

• 9ram

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8e"ala: nyeri lokal# ten'erness# bengkak# krepitasi7

Pre*enti&: Ergonomis ,beker"a sesuai posisi yang senyaman mungkin.

*eat +isorers:Penyakit pa'a tangan# siku# lutut akibat gesekan 'an tekanan pa'a anggota gerak 'an

persen'ian: beat han'# beat knee# beat elbo$s7

Te,perature:

• eat cataract

• eat stroke

Pencaha-aan:

Pencahayaan ! miners nystagmus ,gerak bola mata# sakit kepala# *ertigo#

insomnia.

Electricit- . shock

Peralatan layar gambar : ge"ala kelelahan mata# kelelahan umum# stress operasional7

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