occupational and environmental health services in...

MALAYSIA

MALAYSIA 14 States

KEY STATISTICS 2015

Area: 330, 323 km2

Population: 31.0 Million

GDP: RM1,157.1 Billion

Labour Force: 14.1 Million

•SME : 3.6 Million

•Govt Employees 1.6 Million

MAJOR INDUSTRIES

Manufacturing

Petroleum and LNG

Wood

Palm Oil

Rubber

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

NATIONAL COUNCIL OF

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH

MIN OF HUMAN

RESOURCES

DEPARTMENT OF

OCCUPATIONAL

SAFETY AND

HEALTH

(DOSH)

OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH UNIT

MIN OF HEALTH

SOCIAL

SECURITY

ORGANIZATION

(SOCSO)

NIOSH

OTHER

AGENCIES

UNIVERSITIES SOCIETIES

LEGAL DEVELOPMENTS IN

MALAYSIA

Pre-Independence

1876 1967 1994 2020 2015

Post-

Independence Self-Regulation Preventive

Culture Control by colonial

system (British)

Focus on rubber & tin

industries (immigrant

workers)

First appointed Boiler

Inspector in 1878

In 1913, scope of an

inspector was expand

to other dangerous

machinery

Est. Factory &

Machinery Dept

Est. National Institute

Of Occupational Safety

and Health 1985

Formation of , Major

Hazards Div, Ind. Safety

Div, Ind. Hygiene Div,

Off-Shore Div, Health

Div, Etc.

Est. National

Council for OSH

Developed national

OSH strategy &

program 2011-2015

(OSH MP15)

Developed OSH MS

1722

Conduct

Regulatory Impact

Assessment

Safety

elements

integrate

into daily

business

CONVENTIONAL OSH SYSTEMATIC APPROACH

LEGISLATION

Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994

Factories and Machinery Act 1967

Social Security Act 1969

Pesticides Act 1974

Environmental Quality Act 1974

Hotel &

Restaurant

Agriculture,

Storage and

Communicat

ion

Transport, Storage

and Communication

Public

Services

and

Statutory

Authoriti

es

Mining and Quarrying Wholesale

and Retail

Trades

Construction

Finance, Insurance,

Real Estate and

Business Services

Utilities

(Electricity,

Gas, Water &

Sanitary

Services)

Manufacturing

OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT

1994

POINTS TO NOTE

• Laws have regulations to address exposure to mineral

dust, asbestos, lead and other substances

• Standard PEL/BEI values have been developed/adopted

• Chemical list

• Medical surveillance requirements

• Health promotion requirements

• Partial ban of asbestos

• Safety and Health Committee

• Workplace Health and Safety Activities

OH SERVICES PROVIDERS

Occupational Physicians (Overseas Masters)

Public Health Physicians (Local Masters)

Occupational Health Doctors (Short course at NIOSH or

MOH)

Occupational Health Nurses

Health promotion officers

Safety Officers

Chemical Health Risk Assessors

Industrial Hygienists

Hygiene technicians

First responders

Ergonomists

Toxicologists

Safety engineers

MINISTRY OF HEALTH OH SERVICES

Administrative Level Unit Responsible Person

Ministry of Health Occupational Health

Unit

Public Health

Physician

(Occupational

Health)

State Health

Department

Occupational and

Environmental

Health Unit

Public Health

Physician

( Occupational

Health)

Health Clinics Occupational Health

Services

Occupational Health

Doctor

Hospitals Public Health

Department

Public Health

Physician

(Occupational

Health)

SERVICES OFFERED (STAFF & PUBLIC)

Preventive programs

Promotive programs

Notification of Occ diseases &injuries

Safety and health audit

Medical surveillance

Compensation : Ex Gratia & SOCSO

Investigations of outbreaks at workplace

• Pre employment assessment

• Medical surveillance

• Disability assessment

• Promotion of healthy lifestyle

• Monitoring of sickness absenteeism

• Workplace audits

• Investigation of incidents

• Health Education

• Occupational Health Clinic services

• Consultancy and collaborative services

Occupational Health Unit Activities

CLINICAL SERVICES

Spirometry

Audiometry

X Ray

General Examination

Systemic Examination

CLINICAL SERVICES

Sector Location Providers Way forward

Government • Primary care

clinics

• Govt

Hospitals

Medical

Officer(OHD)

Occupational

Physicians in

the hospitals

Private • General

Practice

clinics

• In house

clinics

• Private

Hospitals

Medical

Officer(OHD)

Occupational

Physicians in

the private

hospitals

CLINICAL SERVICES COSTING

Govt clinics:

RM1 : Citizens ( All treatment is free)

RM 5 : Foreigners (Medication has to be

purchased seperately)

OTHER ACTIVITIES

Health Talks

Healthy Workplace Program

Health Promotion

Risk Assessment

NCD RELATED ACTIVITIES

1. Screening of all Govt employees over

40 yrs old : Circular 2003

2. KOSPEN Plus Program: NCD screening

program for Government & Public

Organizations

(BMI, HPT,DM,SMOKING,STRESS)

EH UNIT ACTIVITIES

ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH

ACTIVITIES

1. By Environmental Health experts (one per state)

EIA

2. By the health inspectors ( all state health offices and

major hospitals)

Includes food and water sampling

Vector control

Housing and drainage (rural areas)

OTHER ISSUES

RARE EARTH EXTRACTION NORM WASTE LOW DOSE RADIATION

GOLD MINE USE OF CYANIDE

COMPENSATION FOR GOVT

EMPLOYEES

Ex Gatia Scheme

1. By the Treasury

2. Medical board conducted

3. Uses criteria similar to the social security organization

(SOCSO)

4. Payment only for permanent disability

Organization Chart

Occupational Health Division,

Department of Occupational Safety and Health

Director

Deputy Director

Occupational Medicine Section

Deputy Director

Accreditation Section

1 Medical Officer

1 Head Nurse

1 Medical Officer

1 Head Nurse

Standard Setting

Enforcement

Promotion and Publicity

1

2

3

Role of Department of Occupational

Safety & Health

Functions of Occupational Health Division

1. Investigating occupational poisoning

and diseases report to DOSH using

JKKP 7 Form based on the

requirements under Occupational

Safety and Health (Notification of

Accident, Dangerous Occurrence,

Occupational Poisoning and

Occupational Disease Regulations -

NADOPOD) 2004

2. Register and Renew the certificate

of Occupational Health Doctors under the Use and Standards of

Chemicals Hazardous to Health

Regulations 2000 (USECHH 2000).


Department of Occupational Safety & Health, Malaysia

The Numbers of Registered Occupational Health Doctor

in Malaysia For The Year 2015

0

17

30 37

61

132

15 21

49

27 22

11

40 50

7

Total: 519 Occupational Health Doctor

4. Basic Occupational Health

(BOH) Services Programme in the

Industry:

health screening programs to

identify occupational disease

and poisoning among workers.



0

50

100

150

200

250

300

70

90

72

97 95 91

38 30

47

256

96

119

243

30

THE NUMBER OF WORKERS INVOLVED IN BASIC OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

SERVICES PROGRAMME FOR THE YEAR 2013

Total Numbers of Workers: 1374



0

20

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

Occup LungDiseases (OLD)

Occup SkinDiseases (OSD)

Occup NoiseInduced Hearing

Loss (NIHL)

Occup Muscular -Skeletal

Disorders (OMD)

PsychosocialProblem

1

46

15

156

8

TYPE OF OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES IDENTIFIED DURING THE BASIC

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SERVICES

PROGRAMMES IN THE INDUSTRY FOR THE YEAR 2013

Total No. of Cases: 226 kes

OSH STRATEGIC MILESTONE

OSHMP20

20

APPROACH

OSHMP 2020

OSH policies and legislation

OSH

knowledge and skills

Strategic and

effective enforcemen

t

The involvement

of government

agencies and GLCS

OSH Programs on awareness

and information

Accident data review and

analysis Commitment and

involvement of employers

and employees in OSH program

The

employer and employee

awareness of the

importance of OSH

The involvement of industry and NGOs

Involvement of OSH Training Centre,

TVET and IPT.

Industrial community involvement

Effective

OSH management efficiency

Priority assessment

of risks in the prevention of accidents and occupational

diseases

SOCIAL SECURITY ORGANIZATION

(SOCSO)

INVALIDITY

SCHEME

EMPLOYMENT

INJURY SCHEME

ALL DECISIONS

REGARDING

IMPAIRMENT &

INVALIDITY MADE BY

MEDICAL BOARD

2 SCHEMES

• Workplace injury • Commuting Accident • Occupational Diseases

SOCSO SCHEME

1. Contributory scheme

2. Not for Govt employees

3. Employment injury scheme compulsory (Soc Sec Act) for

private sector

4. Invalidity scheme is by choice

INTRODUCED NEW GUIDELINES

1ST EDITION

2ND EDITION

REVISED 2ND EDITION LATEST 3RD

EDITION

Employment Injury

Scheme

Invalidity Pension

Scheme

Workplace/Commuti

ng Accidents

Occupational

Disease

Medical Board Special Medical

Board Medical Board

Appellate Medical

Board

Appellate Medical

Board

Appellate Medical

Board

Review Approval Board (Appellate Medical Board)

SOCSO SCHEMES

Payout (RM) 2010-2014

777,783,78

2

Number of Cases Referred to the

Medical Board (2010-2014)

SOCSO HEALTH SCREENING PROGRAM

(HSP)

1. Offered to all private active workers contributing to

SOCSO who attain 40 years of age.

2. Screen Non Communicable Diseases such

cardiovascular diseases, diabetes and cancer (cervical

cancer and breast cancer)

3. Medical examination vouchers given to all contributing

members

4. Vouchers may be used in General Practitioners clinic

PRIVATE INSURANCE

1. Individual purchase

2. One off payment

3. High premiums depending on health status

ISSUES

1. Lack of coordination between ministries

2. Lack of collated data

3. Under reporting

3. Feedback to industries

WAY FORWARD

1. Online collated database

2. Larger pool of OHD’s

3. Coverage of all accidents (including non work related)

4. Coverage of the unemployed and the informal sectors

(taxi drivers)

5. More training is required on the ILO Classification of CXR

TERIMA KASIH

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