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OCEAN ENERGY


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Renewable Energies

Solar

Wind

Hydropower

Ocean


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The Outlook

Energy demand will continue to grow strongly;

Alternatives to Business as Usual (BAU) can limit

emissions to acceptable levels;

Strong environmental policies will be required;

Expanding the use of renewable;

Alternatives to present sources will be challengingto implement at the needed scale.


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Ocean Energy What is it?

The oceans cover 75% of the world surface

It is the largest renewable energy source available to contribute

to the security of energy supply and reduce greenhouse gases

emissions.

Generation of electricity from the waves, the tides, the currents,

the salinity gradient, and the thermal gradient.

Two types of categories: thermal energyfrom the sun's

heat, and mechanical energyfrom the tides and waves.

It is a predictable source of renewable energy with potential to

satisfy (eg. meteorology).


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Waves

First patent on wave energy conversion was issued early in

1799, and, already in 1909.

Take advantage of waves energy (their movement) so the

turbine could be put in action.

Wave energy conversion is being investigated in a number

of EU countries, major activity is also ongoing outside

Europe, mainly in Canada, China, India, Japan, Russia, and

the USA.


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Wave energy systems

Shore line divices: Easier installation and

maintenance;

Not require long lengths of

underwater electrical cable.

Offshore divices: More powerfull wave

regimes

Recent designs for offshore;

devices concentrate on small,

modular devices.


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Tides

Exploit the natural rise and fall of the level principally by the interactionof the gravitational fields in the Earth-Sun-Moon system;

Very similar to the technology used in traditional hydroelectric power

plants.

Tidal range energy (the

potential energy from the

difference in height between

high and low tides)

Tidal current energy (the

horizontal movement, i.e. the

kinetic energy of the water).


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In Portugal

Pico Island (Azores)

Pelamis System

(Aguadoura)


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Thermal Gradient

Due to solar heating, the top layer of the water is much warmer than

deep ocean water;

This difference has to be at least 3,5C so it could be an advantage

for the thermal machine.


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Advantages and Disadvantages

In general all of them depends on the season, geographic location

and weather condition;

When the algae attatched on the system, it may produce methaneand increases his concentration in the water;

In case of thermal gradient energy, the cost of construction is low,

has good efficiency (40-70 kW /m of wave) although the cost of

inland transport is big.


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Ocean/tidal/wave resources are immense yet diffuse and

expensive to exploit;

Its an energy that have big potential to be more developed;

In future this could represent another solution in renewables

sources of energy so that the management in this area could

be a more sustainable business.

Conclusions


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References

www.renewableenergyworld.com

http://www.eu-oea.com/index.asp?sid=74

Biomarine Nantes St. Nazaire Business Convention(http://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-

newsflash/362-ocean-energy)
http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/http://www.eu-oea.com/index.asp?sid=74http://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.biomarine.org/index.php/component/content/article/3-newsflash/362-ocean-energyhttp://www.eu-oea.com/index.asp?sid=74http://www.eu-oea.com/index.asp?sid=74http://www.eu-oea.com/index.asp?sid=74http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/


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Thanks for your attention!

Authors:

Pedro Ribeiro

Dimitra Poumplaki

Maciej Cichocki

Evangelia Androna

Kiriakos Tsilavis

Silvia Infante Gonzlez

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