Notes

Octavian knew he

could have made

himself dictator for

life, but he knew

that the people of

Rome wanted a

republic

In 27 BC, Octavian was “restoring

the republic”

But it really meant…

Octavian’s title, Imperator, translates to commander in chief, but it came to mean emperor.

• Octavian also took the title of Augustus, which means “the majestic one”.

From this point on, Rome is no longer a

republic, but an

empire.

Octavianbecomes

Augustus

…Differed from Julius

Caesar:

By not acting like a King, living

simply, and

treating Senators

with respect

…Won support of the public:

By restoring

the temples

and putting up new

buildings

…Spread Information:

By using coins

…Failed:

At spreading

the Roman Empire

into Germany

…Succeeded:

?

Changes1.Made a permanent army

2.Created the Praetorian Guard

3. Added territories to the

empire

4.Rebuilt Rome

5.Reorganized the government

6.Reformed the tax system

7. Reformed the legal system

The Julio-Claudian EmperorsWho were they?

• After Augustus’s death, the next 4 emperors did both good and bad things for Rome

Why are they important?

• These 4 men both helped and hurt Rome. Overall, Rome was somewhat chaotic from the time of Augustus’s death to Nero’s suicide

The Julio-Claudian

Emperors

Tiberius Caligula Claudius Nero

The Good:

• Economy stabilized

• Conquered Britain

• New buildings and aqueducts

The Julio-Claudian

Emperors

The Julio-Claudian

Emperors

The Bad:• Emperors Nero and

Caligula prove that emperors can be dangerous

• Much of Rome burned down in A.D. 64

The “Good Emperors”

Who are they?

• At the beginning of the A.D. 100s, a series of rulers unrelated to Augustus came to power and helped Rome prosper

Why are they important?

• These emperors helped establish Rome’s system of roads, aqueducts, ports, and common currency

Nerva Trajan HadrianAntoninus

PiusMarcusAurelius

The “Good Emperors”

The “Good Emperors”

Ma

in I

de

a After Julius Caesar, Augustus took over and ushered in Pax Romana

After Augustus, Rome had a brief period of ups and downs with the Julio-Claudian Emperors

Overall, from about the year 96 to 180, Rome

underwent many changes and enjoyed peace,

prosperity, and stability

List at least ten things that make this a

peaceful time and these emperors “good”.

Standard of

living rose

Agriculture

flourished Emperors did

not abuse their

power

Trade

increasesEducation

improved

Laws were

made more fair

and easier to

understand

During Pax Romana, the Roman Road system reached 50,000 miles

The Roman Navy forced pirates off of the Mediterranean Sea to make trade

safer

Roman coins were accepted throughout

the entire empire (common currency)

A vast road

system

Common currency through

the empire

Prosperity for Rome

Roman Boundaries Made Official• Reason for setting boundaries: Many believed Rome

was getting too big to control

• Northern border of the Rhine River and the Danube River

• Hadrian’s Wall built in Britain