oeb icde case of russia smirnova 01.12.2011_slide_share
DESCRIPTION
Distance education in Russia and beyondTRANSCRIPT
ONLINE EDUCA BERLIN 2011ICDE Special Focus Session
Learning Cultures – An International Panorama
The Case of RussiaDr. Irina Smirnova
Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics and Informatics (MESI)
01.12.2011
BRIC: 26 % of the Earth territory, 42 % of the world population, and 14,6 % of the world GDP(World Bank, 2010 )
BRIC: Brazil, Russia, India, China (Jim O'Neill, 2001) +
South Africa (2011) = BRICS, Growing economics
-- GDP of China-- GDP of India-- GDP of Brazil-- World GDP -- GDP of Russia-- GDP of the USA
Rate of Economic Growth (the 3rd quarter of 2011)
UKUSA
Fran
ce
Ger
man
y
Brasil
Russia
Indi
a
China
0.0%1.0%2.0%3.0%4.0%5.0%6.0%7.0%8.0%9.0%
10.0%
0.5%1.6% 1.6%
2.6%3.1%
4.8%
8.1%9.1%
%
Population (1 Oct. 2011): 142,9 million
Territory: 17 075 400 km²
Russia Today
-- Russian GDP-- World GDP
Education & Learning
Learning as an activity of getting
information or capacities for doing
something in different settings: formal, non-formal
& informal
Education as formalized,
organized and regulated learning process leading to the recognition of a certain level of
skills and knowledge (usually
awarded with some certificate or
diploma)
1. Full-time
education
2. Distanc
e educati
on3. Part-
time educati
on
4. Externs
hip
5. Self-educatio
n
Forms of Education
By correspondence,with the use of distance educational technologies
Forms 1+2 (evening classes)
Distance Education in Russia
1920s
• First steps (predominantly in Higher Education). Part-time (evening classes) and distance education (by correspondence) delivered by traditional HEIs
1990s
• DE with the use of ITs (computer-based, multimedia, video- and audio records)
2000s
• DE & DL with the use of Internet in all spheres of social life and all forms of education
Internet-users (World Bank, 2009)
-- Internet-users in the world: 27,1% of population-- Internet-users in Russia : 42,1% of population
Number of Internet-users (ComScore Data, September 2011)
49.5
50.5
50.150.8
Number of individual Internet-users above 15 years old (in mil-
lions)
373.4
1046.6
Total number of individual Inter-
net-users above 15 years old (in mil-
lions) EuropeRest of the world
DE & DL in Russia
DE & DL users Technologies
usedDE market in
Russia
Higher school Multimedia technologies (DVD, audio,
animation, video)
Software developersSecondary school
Industries (in-service training and re-training)
The Internet-based
technologies(corporate e-
learning systems, LMS, e-
Campus…)
Content designers
People with special needs
Satellite broadcasting
(only one university)
DE providersIndividuals (self-
training)
Up to 20 companies only
Russian Content Designers
According to the market experts this number should
be 10 TIMES HIGHER!
In-service training & retraining
Corporate DE (e-Learning)
IndustriesOther
organizations• Russian Railways (RZhD)
• MMC Norilsk Nickel
• United Company RUSAL and others
• State Duma• Federal Assembly • Central Bank • Saving bank and
others
Course Designers
Corporate DE (2)
Developments
•DE market in corporate segment in Russia increases significantly: 80% growth yearly (all market: 20% growth yearly) (Ambient Insight and Russian portal Smart Education) •Saving funds due to ICT (e.g. yearly retraining of RUSAL staff with the use of DE reduces training costs for 60%)
Challenges
• Lack of content producers• High prices of DE courses
affordable only for large companies but not for SME
Possible solutions
• Joining efforts of SME as well as Public Private Partnership
• Increasing number of content designers and DE providers
Russian Educational System
Pre-school education (kindergardens)
Secondary school (general education schools)
Secondary school (specialized professional
training school)
Secondary school (upper secondary
education)
Higher education (bachelor)
Higher education (master programs) Higher
education (specialist)
UNIFIED STATE EXAMINATIONS
Post-graduate education
Professional re-training
MBA programs
Secondary School
Developments
• By 2010 computers and Internet-connection in every school
• Distance Learning used for supporting education, access to virtual libraries and museums as well as self-training of teachers
Challenges
• Distance Education is still prohibited in secondary school and only Distance Learning is possible as supportive means
Possible solutions
• Shift in legislation
• Training teachers
“In post-soviet period 13 thousand small schools were closed in remote areas. New technologies allow to teach at a distance.
And this is a best alternative to the closing schools in small settlements as far such closing leads to the end of the
settlements themselves”
Oleg Smolin, Deputy Chair of the Committee for Education under the State Duma
With the Russian
Government support
DL for secondary
schoolchildren
with special needs
(Moscow, Nizhny
Novgorod, Orenburg &
other regions)
Without the Russian
Government support
DE for TVET (MESI
College for Informatics
& Management
)
DE in Other Sectors
Higher Professional School (1)
Developments
•Increased number of DL students (2,7 million)•Raising interest in DE in conventional universities and their opening towards blended learning
Challenges
• Decrease of secondary school graduates (1,3 million in 2006 and 0,7 million in 2012 expected) and saturation of DE HE market
Possible solutions
• Expansion of DE in HE to other target groups
Number of Distance Learning Students in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs)
1940/41 1970/71 1990/91 2000/01 2009/10 0.0
500.0
1000.0
1500.0
2000.0
2500.0
3000.0
128.0
985.4
892.3
1761.8
2710.3
Students NumberThousands
Higher Professional School (2)
Developments
•Good technical facilities and access to the Internet•From July, 1 2008 the National Standard on requirements to the integrated automatized management systems in HEIs is in forces
Challenges
• Many students are more skilled in ICT than their teachers
• Lack of professionals in pedagogical design shaped for DE
Possible solutions
• Training teachers. Net-generation joining the academic community.
Higher Professi0nal School (3)
Developments
•Sharing responsibilities in distance teaching practice (content designers, facilitators, moderators, etc.)
Challenges
• The Russian Classifier of Professions doesn’t contain such words as tutor, Pedagogical or Instructional Designer, etc.
• There are no related degrees.
Possible solutions
• Adjustment of the Classifier
Higher Professi0nal School (3)
Developments
•Regulatory framework for DE changes but very slowly
Challenges
• Some old norms and regulations with which HEIs must comply (to be accredited) are contradictory to the reality of distance learning, e.g. ratio student/ teacher, square meters per student, number of volumes in a library (neglecting digital libraries), requirement for grading exams only in the premises owned by HEI, and others
Possible solutions
• Adjustment of the Law on Education (under the second reading in the Parliament)
Legislation (ICDE Regulatory Framework) Technological Standards (IMS GLC – SCORM) e-Learning standards (JTC1 ISO/IEC) Quality assurance systems for DE (e.g. EADTU’s
e-Xcellence benchmarking tool for e-learning – study program level; EFQUEL’s UNIQue – institutional level)
Sharing experience (ONLINE EDUCA, ICDE, EADTU, EDEN, EFQUEL and other conferences; bilateral and multilateral projects and activities)
Global DE Development: Joint Work
Global level
Regional level
National level
Institutional Level
• UNESCO• ICDE• IMS GLC…• Regional
associations (e.g. in Europe EUA, EADTU, EDEN, EFQUEL…)
• National associations (e.g. International e-University consortium)• DE Users
• DE Designers• DE Providers
Come Together!
Dr. Irina SmirnovaChief of the Department for International Projects Moscow State University of Economics, Statistics
and Informatics (MESI)[email protected]
Thank you for your attention!