oecd investment compact for south east europe

INVESTMENT COMPACT FORSOUTH EAST EUROPE

Fostering investment, competitiveness and private sector development

SEE Programme Overview [f]_Layout 1 13/06/2012 10:13 Page A

B . OECD 2012 SEE PROGRAMME OVERVIEW

SEE Programme Overview [f]_Layout 1 13/06/2012 10:14 Page B

OECD 2012 SEE PROGRAMME OVERVIEW . 1

The Investment Compact for South East Europe and the OECD 2

The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development 3

Messages from the OECD Secretary-General and the Secretary General of RCC 4

The Economies of South East Europe: Key facts and gures 6

A decade of reform has improved the business climate 7

However, important economic development challenges remain 9

How the Investment Compact For South East Europe supports the SEE Region 11

Programme overview and governance 12

Investment Compact projects: Five pillars of work 13

Bibliography of key Investment Compact publications and papers 19

Contents

SEE Programme Overview [f]_Layout 1 13/06/2012 10:14 Page 1

2 . OECD 2012 SEE PROGRAMME OVERVIEW

The OECD Investment Compact for South East Europe

Launched in 2000, the OECD Investment Compact for South East Europe supports governments of the region to improve their

investment climate and foster private sector development. Its members include Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria,

Croatia, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, the Republic of Moldova, Montenegro, Romania and Serbia, with Kosovo*

as an observer.

Using the OECD methods of policy dialogue and peer learning, the Compact brings together representatives from South East

Europe (SEE) governments to exchange good practices and to use OECD tools and instruments in a way that is tailored to the

needs of the SEE economies and helps them move closer to internationally recognised standards. The compact also conducts

assessments of SEE investment climates based on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, designs strategies to help

governments set priorities for reform, and supports their implementation. The programmes work is co-ordinated by the SEE

Investment Committee and its strategic objectives and actions are endorsed by SEE leaders at ministerial conferences.

The Investment Compact for SEE has now become a template for other regional initiatives, such as the Middle East and North

Africa (MENA) Investment Programme and the Eurasia Competitiveness Programme.

As of January 2012, the SEE Investment Committee is co-chaired by the Regional Cooperation Council. However, the OECD

Investment Compact continues to provide support in enhancing the regions competitiveness and investment climate, in

particular for the implementation of the SEE 2020 Vision.

* This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.



The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development

The OECD is a multi-disciplinary inter-governmental organisation of 34 member countries based in Paris which engages an

increasing number of other countries and economies from all regions of the world. The Organisations core mission is to help

governments make better policies for better lives.

Through its network of 250 specialised committees and working groups, the OECD provides a setting where governments

compare policy experiences, seek answers to common problems, identify good practice, and co-ordinate policies. The

Organisations work begins with data collection, policy analysis and benchmarking, then moves on to a collective discussion of

policy experiences followed by the identification of good practices, setting of global standards and mutual peer review.



A message from the OECD Secretary-General

The Investment Compact was created to support peace, stability and prosperity in a region

weakened by conflict but endowed with rich resources and dynamism. The Compacts mandate,

signed in 2000 by nine South East European governments, recognised private sector development

and international co-operation as cornerstones for the revitalisation of the region. Since then,

governments, business leaders and civil society have worked together to design and implement

reforms to attract more and better investments and raise living standards.

Over the past ten years, the economies of South East Europe have undergone a profound

transformation. The regions GDP has more than doubled, inflows of foreign direct investment have

increased tenfold, countries have signed an ambitious regional trade agreement, they have

advanced their integration into the world economy and their institutions have become stronger.

Yet the region needs to rise to new challenges: with economic growth slowing, public budgets

tightening and social pressures mounting, countries must urgently find new and sustainable sources of

growth. The Investment Compacts 2020 Vision for South East Europe, endorsed by SEE Ministers,

could serve as a leading roadmap to help the region meet this growth challenge by placing

innovation, skills and economic integration at the centre of its strategy for the future. Over the next ten

years, the Compact will support countries of the region to put this ambitious strategy into practice.

I would like to congratulate the Investment Compact on its achievements in supporting reforms in

the region and thank South East Europe governments and programme donors for their

commitment to working hand in hand with the OECD towards common goals. We are pleased to

continue this rewarding partnership in the coming years.

Angel GurraOECD Secretary-General

I would like to

congratulate the

Investment

Compact on its

achievements in

supporting

reforms in the

region...


OECD 2012 . 5

A message from the Secretary General of theRegional Cooperation CouncilThe OECD Investment Compact for South East Europe has been instrumental in supporting

economic stability and development in our region. Its valuable analytical and policy work has

provided insights which have helped shape the reform agenda throughout South East Europe. The

Compacts inclusive approach and the high level involvement of South East European countries

have contributed to a growing sense of ownership and responsibility by the region.

The fact that the Regional Cooperation Council has taken over the South East Europe Investment

Committee from the OECD testifies to the RCC Secretariat's proven capacity to make a substantial

contribution to the enhancement of regional cooperation in SEE. New economic and political

realities in the region led to a decision by the OECD and SEE countries in 2011 that the time had

come to transfer SEE Investment Committee activities to regional leadership. The European

Commission has also acknowledged the importance of this action for the region and its support to

the future Investment Committee's work is of particular value.

The RCC Secretariat is fully committed, by embedding the emerging SEE 2020 vision in its activities,

to continue working closely with SEE and OECD colleagues to guarantee an even more stable and

results-oriented South East Europe Investment Committee.

Mr. Hido Bievi

Secretary General of the Regional Cooperation Council for the Western Balkans

The OECD

Investment

Compact for

South East

Europe has been

instrumental in

supporting

economic

stability and

development in

our region.



The economies of South East Europe: Key facts and gures

GDP growth, % per annum(2009-2011)2

Current CreditRatings

(March 2012)3

3.2

3.8

7.5

4.4

1.8

2.1

3.6

0.6

21.4

7.3

55.7

6.3

6.0

6.4

4.1

5.5

5.4

5.2

8.7

7.2

4.3

5.9

2.9

-0.2

-1.1

-2.4

3.9

1.3

2.5

-0.3

-1.9

-0.2

0.5

B+

B

BBB

BBB-

N.A

BB

N.A

BB

BB+

BB

7,741

8,133

13,597

18,192

7,0023

10,367

3,373

11,545

12,476

10,642

10,307

1. WB World Development Indicators, 2. IMF World Economic Outlook, 3. Standard & Poors

Population(million)1 in

2010

GDP per head2010

(Current US$,PPP

GDP growth, % per annum (2006-2008)2

Economy

Albania

Bosnia andHerzegovina

Bulgaria

Croatia

Kosovo*

The formerYugoslav Republicof Macedonia

Republic ofMoldova

Montenegro

Romania

Serbia

SEE




Commitment to SME Policy

In 2009, the Western Balkan economies endorsed the European Small Business Act (SBA) as the main guidance tool for SME

policy in the region. The SBA provides a demanding set of guidelines aiming to improve policies that promote

entrepreneurship and SME growth. Western Balkan economies have committed to monitoring and reporting back on their

progress in implementing the SBA principles with the support of the OECD Investment Compact.

A decade of reform has improved the businessclimate in SEEOver the past ten years, SEE economieshave made significant and targetedeconomic policy reforms to promote

We acknowledge theengagement, supportand eorts of ourinternationalpartners, in particularthe OECD. Our co-operation benets theregion and theEuropean Union.

EuropeanCommissioner tefan FleEnlargement andEuropeanNeighbourhoodPolicyEuropeanCommission

the development of the private sectorand create a more favourableinvestment climate.

Progress in investment openness

All governments in the region have

implemented policy measures to increase their

openness to international investment, including

the removal or reduction of legal restrictions.

These policy reforms led to a tenfold increase in

SEE Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) inflows

between 2000 and 2008. The subsequent

downturn has been due to the crisis.

Increased support for SMEs and

entrepreneurs

Programmes and policies, such as efforts to

facilitate business start ups, have helped small-

and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to

develop and have encouraged greater

entrepreneurship in the region. In most SEE

economies, it now takes only one day to obtain

a company registration certificate from the time



FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT (FDI) TRENDS


of application, for a fee of less than EUR 60. As

access to finance remains difficult, international

financial institutions together with the OECD

Investment Compact are launching large

regional initiatives, such as the Western Balkan

Enterprise Development and Innovation Facility,

aimed at providing significant funds, guarantees

and technical assistance to innovative, high-

growth SMEs.

Intra-regional and multilateral economic

convergence

SEE economies signed the Central European

Trade Agreement (CEFTA) in 2006, which aims

to expand trade in goods and services and

eliminate trade barriers between SEE

economies. SEE economies have also made

significant progress in converging towards the

European Union (EU) acquis communautaire and

becoming members of the WTO. Most

economies have either joined the EU or they are

now candidates or potential candidates for EU

accession. However, different paces in adopting

EU standards create new difficulties in the form

of non-tariff barriers.

20003.8 4.6 4.3

8.1

12.715.9

29.7

37.1 37.6

16.5

10.3

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Membership in the European Union, CEFTA and the WTO as of January 2012

FDI, net inflows for the SEE Region (BoP, current billion US$)

European Union

CEFTA 2006

WTO

Albania

Bosnia andHerzegovina

Bulgaria

Croatia

Kosovo*

The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia

Republic of Moldova

Montenegro

Romania

Serbia

Potential Candidate

Potential Candidate

Member

Acceding Country

Potential Candidate

Candidate

NeighbourhoodPolicy

Candidate

Member

Candidate

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Party

Member

Negotiations in Progress

Member

Member

N.A

Member

Member


Member


Source: UNCTADStat

* This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.



0

50

100

1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009

150

200OECD The former Yoguslav Rep. of Macedonia

Croatia Bulgaria

However, important economic development challenges remain

Structural challenges requireaccelerated policy reforms to improvecompetitiveness

Structural vulnerabilities and lagging

industrial production

The recent financial and economic crisis seriously

impacted the region. The drop in demand from

the EU as the main trading partner was dramatic

and exports in 2009 were 21% lower than in

2008. FDI also declined by 50% between 2008

and 2009.1 The crisis brought to light structural

vulnerabilities in the Western Balkan economies,

such as the consumption-led nature of growth

that was driven by an expansionary credit policy.

Industrial production in South East Europe has

also grown significantly since 2000, but it is still

nowhere near its 1990 level.

Limited export capacity

The region also suffers from an underdeveloped

tradable sector due to years of de-

industrialisation. This limits the export capacity

of the economy, leading to substantial trade

and current account deficits and increasing

foreign indebtedness.

1. UNCTAD (2011). Nb- these data exclude Kosovo* * This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, andis in line with UNSCR 1244 and the ICJ Opinion on the Kosovodeclaration of independence.

Source: EBRD Transition Reports and OECD.Stat

Source: UNCTADStat

Yearly Industrial Production (% of 1989 industrial production)

Current Account in 2009 as a Percentage of GDP

EU-27 average

SEE Economies

Serbia

Romania

Montenegro

Moldova

FYR Macedonia

Croatia

BulgariaBosnia andHerzegovinaAlbania

-30 -25 -20 -15 -10 -5 0



ALB

BIH

BUL

HRV

KOS

MKD

MDA

MNE RO

U

SRB

SEE

aver

age

13.4

43.3

9.5

17.9

45.4

29.1

7.8

19.5

4.6

16.620.7

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

Reading Mathematics Science

PISA

sco

re

OECD

aver

age

Croa

tia

Serb

ia

Bulga

ria

Rom

ania

Mon

tene

gro

Alba

nia

High unemployment

Unemployment rates in many SEE economies

remain considerably higher than in the EU

countries. It is important to note that even

during the boom years, unemployment was

stubbornly high. This points to a need to better

align education and training with labour market

requirements.

Need to transition from low-cost to

knowledge-based economy

With increasing global competition from

emerging economies in Asia, for example, SEE

can no longer compete for market shares based

on low cost production. If the region is to set a

path for long-term growth and prosperity, it will

have to build a new economic model based on

knowledge-intensive production underpinned by

innovation and human capital. Various barometers

indicate that the SEE region has the capacity to

improve its performance in these areas:

The OECDs assessment of 15-year oldsmastery of basic skills in math, reading andscience (PISA ranking) shows that scores forall SEE economies are lagging well behindOECD averages.

Whereas high tech exports represent anaverage of 16.9% of manufactured goods

exports in the European Union, in SEE the

levels are significantly lower, ranging from

3.1% in the former Yugoslav Republic of

Macedonia to 10.9% in Croatia in 2009.2

2. World Bank

Source: CIA World Factbook*This designation is without prejudice to positions on status, and is in line with UNSCR 1244 andthe ICJ Opinion on the Kosovo declaration of independence.

Source: OECD PISA 2009 database.

Unemployment rate (% of labour force)

PISA results for SEE economics compared to OECD average

HIGH UNEMPLOYMENT IN THE REGION (2011)


How the Investment Compact for South EastEurope supports the SEE region

The Investment Compact for South East Europe helps governmentsdesign better policies and implement them more effectively. Strongownership by the region, open dialogue, and a framework based on OECDbest practices have enabled the Compact to have a tangible impact onimproving the SEE business climate, strengthening regional co-operationand fostering economic development and stability.

The 2011 Ministerial Conference of the Investment Compact endorsed the South East Europe

2020 Vision, a roadmap for long-term growth modelled on the Europe 2020 strategy, but

adapted to the regions needs. This sent a strong message that the region is committed to taking

ownership of its own destiny with a clear roadmap for reform to 2020. The conference also

celebrated a decade of achievements as well as the transfer of operational management of the

SEE Investment Committee to the Regional Cooperation Council in Sarajevo. The OECD

Investment Compact will continue to provide policy guidance and analytical support to the

region and assist governments in implementing the South East Europe 2020 Vision.

The 2011

Ministerial

Conference of the

Investment

Compact endorsed

the South East

Europe 2020

Vision, a roadmap

for long-term

growth modelled

on the Europe

2020 strategy, but

adapted to the

region. This sent a

strong message

that the region is

committed to

taking ownership

of its own destiny

with a clear

roadmap for

reform to 2020.

11

Ministerial Conference: Building a 2020 Vision for South East Europe, November 2011. OECD/Benjamin Renout



Programme overview and governance

The SEE Investment Committee is ahigh-level forum which oversees theoverall implementation of the SEE 2020vision, a roadmap for sustainablyimproving the regions businessclimate and competitiveness. TheInvestment Compact for South EastEurope provides project managementexpertise to support the region inachieving these OECD objectives.

The joint eorts of theOECD, the countries ofthe region and thedonor community hasmade the InvestmentCompact a model forother regionalinitiatives.

Manfred SchekulinDeputy DirectorGeneralTrade Policy andEuropean IntegrationFederal Ministry ofEconomy, Family andYouth of Austria,Chair of the OECDInvestmentCommitteeFormer co-chair of theInvestment Compact

Methods

Sharing OECD good practices with the

region in the areas of business climate

and investment reform

Providing independent monitoring of

policy reform

Fostering regional dialogue and exchange

of reform experiences

Assisting governments to develop policies

that support local businesses and

encourage foreign investment

Key principles

Strong ownership of the participating

beneficiaries

Voluntary self-evaluation of government

policy reforms

Active involvement of the private sector

Co-ordination with existing donors and

other international organisations to avoid

overlap



COCHAIRS:REGIONAL COOPERATION COUNCIL + SEE COUNTRY ALBANIA

Donorcountries

SEE countryeconomic

teams

PrivateSector

Internationalorganisations

SOUTH EAST EUROPE

A COMBINATION OF REGIONAL OWNERSHIP AND OECD EXPERTISE ENSURE IMPACT IN SUSTAINABLY

IMPROVING THE BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT

INVESTMENT COMPACT FORSEE INVESTMENT COMMITTEE

Political support:

MinistrerialConferenceSouth East Europe2020 Vision

Policy dialogue:

Regional WorkingGroups Innovation Human Capital Investment

Promotion Access to

Finance Tax

Assessment:

AssessmentReform Index SME Policy Index

Strategy andpolicyprioritisation:

Sector-specificSources ofCompetitiveness

Assistance andtraining forimplementation:

RegionalCompetitivenessInitiative

Analytical support and project mangementA regional forum for discussion and decision making

FIVE PILLARS OF WORK

INVESTMENT C0MPACT FORSOUTH EAST EUROPE



POLITICAL SUPPORT

Ministerial conferences, meetings of the SEE Investment Committee at the regional level, andendorsement by SEE governments and the EU of the SEE 2020 Vision secures strong political supportfor the Compacts mandate over the coming decade.

THE SOUTH EAST EUROPE 2020 VISION

Inspired by the "Europe 2020" strategy launched by the EU in 2010 to promote smart, sustainable and inclusive growth in EU

member states the economies of South East Europe endorsed their own "2020 Vision" at the 2011 SEE Ministerial Conference,

"Building a 2020 Vision for South East Europe".

The SEE 2020 Vision is the product of close collaboration between the Investment Compact and governments of the region. It

defines a strategy for the region that focuses on stimulating the key long-term drivers of growth: innovation, skills and trade

integration.

Pillars of the SEE 2020 Vision:

Integrated growth through deeper regional trade and investment linkages and policies that are nondiscriminatory,transparent and predictable

Smart growth through the commitment to innovate and compete on value-added rather than on labour costs

Sustainable growth through raising the level of private sector competitiveness, entrepreneurship and a commitment togreener and more energy-efficient development

Inclusive growth through skills development, employment creation and inclusive labour market participation

Governance for growth by increasing the capacity of public administrations to strengthen the rule of law and reducecorruption in order to create a business-friendly environment.

The SEE 2020 Vision's strong regional dimension in setting targets and developing implementation mechanisms will allow

economies to benchmark their progress on each of these pillars. The commitment to regional targets will also send a clear signal of

regional ownership: the region is now able to define its own roadmap for future reforms. The Investment Compact looks forward to

a second decade of partnership with South East Europe to achieve even greater prosperity for all economies of the region.



POLICY DIALOGUE

Regional policy working groups allow economies to exchange experiences, conduct peer reviewsand develop recommendations to address common policy challenges.

Innovation Working Group

The Working Group on Innovation provides a platform for the exchange of good practices on issues such as formulating

innovation policies, creating voucher schemes, establishing competence and technology centres, launching business plan

competitions and fostering Triple Helix partnerships between science, business and local government.

Human Capital Working Group

Using good international and regional practice as a benchmark, the Working Group provides a platform for exchanging views,

peer learning, and developing new ideas on how to face common challenges in skills development. It helps transfer

knowledge to the region on how to design and implement skills gap analyses and supports policy makers in devising

appropriate policy responses to bridge these gaps

Access to Finance Working Group

The focus of this Working Group is to find solutions to help SMEs in the region access the financing they need. It examines

good practices in developing credit guarantee schemes, credit information sharing schemes and investment readiness

programme. It also conducts thorough reviews of the status of bankruptcy legislation in the Western Balkans and provides

recommendations on how to best reform the current regime.

Taxation Working Group

Senior tax policy officials of ministries of finance of the economies participating in the SEE Investment Committee come

together in this Working Group to initiate discussions on tax policy, with a focus on issues including tax compliance and tax

reform.

Investment Promotion Working Group

This Working Group provides a framework to discuss investment in different sectors as well as prospects for industry growth.

Concrete results have included the creation of a business network and an interactive regional supplier database.



ASSESSMENT

The Programmes flagship publications and key projects assess national policy frameworks to helpgovernments benchmark their performance in relation to business climate reforms.

Investment Reform Index

The Investment Reform Index (IRI) is a qualitative assessment of policy settings and institutional conditions that shape the

environment for direct investment in the Western Balkan economies. The IRI examines eight policy dimensions: investment

policy and promotion, human capital development, trade policy and facilitation, access to finance, regulatory reform and

parliamentary processes, tax policy analysis, infrastructure for investment, and SME policy.

Drawing on the OECD Policy Framework for Investment, the IRI uses a unique scoring system to measure performance in each

business climate dimension and related sub-dimensions. Final scores are attributed with the input of both government and

business stakeholders. SEE country partners have welcomed the IRI as an innovative and useful tool to benchmark their systems

against international good practice and to identify key areas for reform. The next edition will be published in 2013.

Implementing the European Small Business Act in the EU Pre-Accession Region

This project aims to improve the business environment for SMEs in the Western Balkans and Turkey by implementing the ten

principles of the European Small Business Act and was launched in November 2010.

Independent monitoring of the elimination of non-tariff barriers among CEFTA parties

Since January 2009, the Investment Compact has supported signatories of the CEFTA to derive the full benefits of CEFTA

implementation in two key areas:

The CEFTA Aid for Trade project aims to reduce/eliminate non-tariff barriers, particularly those that impact main trade flows.

The Supporting CEFTA Structures with the Monitoring and Implementation of Investment-related Clauses of the CEFTA 2006monitors the investment-related clauses of the 2006 CEFTA agreement.

Supporting SME Policy in the Republic of Moldova

This project helps the Government of the Republic of Moldova to develop a coherent policy framework for SME sector

competitiveness sector and economic growth. In 2011 it released a report on Fostering SME Development: Republic of Moldova,

which analysed the main barriers to the development of the SME sector.



STRATEGY AND POLICY PRIORITISATION

Strategies identify high-potential sectors which can be further developed to leverage regionalcompetitive advantages and generate growth and employment.

Enhancing Sector Competitiveness

The OECD Investment Compact for South East Europe has implemented the Strengthening Sector Specific Sources of

Competitiveness in the Western Balkans project. The project aims to promote FDI and foster economic growth and political

stability in the Western Balkans by examining three high-potential sectors and providing policy recommendations on

removing barriers to their further development:

Intensify regional investment promotion for the West Balkans automotive sector, to raise the visibility of the sector withexternal investors

Improve access to finance through credit guarantee schemes and credit information in order to help the apparel sectorreposition towards higher value-added production

Improve human capital development through the introduction of internships in order to build practical skills needed inthe information and communication technology sector

These recommendations were transformed into action plans which were implemented by governments and resulted in:

a regional network of investment promotion agencies using a common web platform to promote Western Balkanautomotive suppliers (http://dev.the-serveur.com/ocde/)

capacity building for credit information and credit guarantee schemes

transfer of good practices relating to internships

A proposed follow-up project (in 2013) should establish sectoral working groups and pilot projects to continue

implementation of these recommendations and at the same time to identify new niche markets where Western Balkans

economies can be competitive


IMPLEMENTATION

The Programme provides assistance to SEE governments and policy makers in successfullyimplementing key policy recommendations.

Regional Competitiveness Initiative (RCI):

The Regional Competitiveness Initiative, funded by the EU, aims to strengthen the competitiveness of Western Balkan economies

by increasing productivity through human capital development and innovation in manufacturing and service firms.

The initiative consists of specific pilot projects implemented at the national level. The first four pilot projects were

implemented in 2011:

Mechanisms to finance business services in support of innovation (voucher schemes) in Montenegro

The establishment of a Competence Technology Centre (CTC) in Serbia

Assistance to the government in designing its overall policy framework for innovation in the Former Yugoslav Republic ofMacedonia

Co-operation with the triple helix of research-business-government communities in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Launch of a business plan competition in Albania

Creation of policy frameworks for innovation in Croatia and Kosovo*

Through these projects, the Investment Compact provides analytical support, policy guidance, capacity building and

implementation support to enhance innovation and human capital development. Finally, the RCI also supports regional co-

operation and policy dialogue through the regional working group on Innovation and Human Capital Development and the

projects Steering Committee.

The RCI is already having impact in the region. Examples include the inclusion of innovation as a major pillar of the new

governments electoral programme in FYR Macedonia, the allocation of funds to an SME voucher scheme by the government of

Montenegro, a commitment by the Serbian government to set up competence centres, and broad participation in co-operation

between academia, business and local government in Bosnia and Herzegovina, which has led to the launch of new products.





2011

Republic of Moldova 2011: Fostering SME

Development.

National treatment restrictions in Parties

to the Central European Trade

Agreement (CEFTA), OECD Journal:

General Papers, pp. 21-32.

Review of bilateral investment treaties

signed by Parties to the Central European

Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA), OECD

Journal: General Papers, pp. 33-42.

Trade and investment in regional trade

agreements: The case of the Central

European Free Trade Agreement (CEFTA),

OECD Journal: General Papers, pp. 9-19.

Concentration of Manufacturing

Industries in CEFTA 2006: Industry

Profiles. Draft Paper on Innovation

System Review for the Former Yugoslav

Republic of Macedonia.

2010

Investment Reform Index 2010: Monitoring

Policies and Institutions for Direct

Investment in South East Europe.

Intellectual Property Rights in the CEFTA

2006 Signatories Parties, OECD/CEFTA

Issues Paper, 2010.

Trade Integration, Industry Concentration

and FDI Inflows: The Experience in Central

and South Eastern Europe, OECD/CEFTA

Issues Paper, 2010.

National and Regional Small and Medium

Sized Enterprise Policy Linkage in Serbia.

2009

SME Policy Index 2009 - Progress in the

Implementation of the European Charter

for Small Enterprises in the Western

Balkans, OECD/EC/ETF.

Sector Specific Sources of Competitiveness

in the Western Balkans:

Recommendations for a Regional

Investment Strategy.

Implementing the CEFTA 2006 Agreement:

Reaping the Benefits of Trade and

Investment Integration in South East

Europe.

Policies and Tools for Private Sector

Development - Business Linkages:

Linking Foreign and Domestic Firms to

Maximise the Benefits of FDI for

Employment and Sustainable Growth.

2008

Innovation in SMEs in the Western Balkans:

Findings of Focus Group Meetings held in

Western Balkan Countries in November-

December 2007, OECD/EC/CEI.

2007

SME Policy Index 2007 - Report on the

Implementation of the European Charter

for Small Enterprises in the Western

Balkans.

How South East European Countries

Statistics Measure Foreign Direct

Investment.

Improving the Process of Economic Reform

Legislation in FYR Macedonia, OECD/GTZ.

Improving the Process of Economic Reform

Legislation in Montenegro, OECD/GTZ .

The Impact of FDI on the Restructuring of

the Metal Processing Industry in Bosnia

and Herzegovina.

The Role of Foreign Direct Investment in

the Croatian Economy.

2006

Investment Reform Index 2006: Progress in

Policy Reforms to Improve the

Investment Climate in South East Europe.

Foreign Investors Council: Proposals for

Improvement of the Investment Climate

in Serbia, Belgrade, Serbia and

Montenegro.

How to Improve the Legislation Process in

Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina: The

Path from Proposing a Law to Enacting it

in Parliament.

Bibliography of key Investment Compact publications and papers


Investment Compact for SEE (2006), Report

of Activities.

2005

Anti-Corruption Measures in South Eastern

Europe: Civil Societys Involvement.

The Business Registration Process in South

East Europe: A Peer Review.

The Employment Impact of FDI: The

Experience of South East European

Countries, Discussion Paper.

Monitoring the Regulatory Governance

Reform Priorities in South East European

Countries, Implementation Report.

Progress in Policy Reform in South East

Europe: Monitoring Instruments.

Bosnia and Herzegovina: Enterprise Policy

Performance Assessment, OECD/EBRD

Bulgaria: Enterprise Policy Performance

Assessment, OECD/EBRD

Croatia: Enterprise Policy Performance

Assessment, OECD/EBRD

Romania: Enterprise Policy Performance

Assessment, OECD/EBRD.

Serbia and Montenegro: Enterprise Policy

Performance Assessment, OECD/EBRD.

2004

Effective Policies for Small Business: A Guide

for the Policy Review Process and Strategic

Plans for Micro, Small and Medium

Enterprise Development, OECD/UNIDO.

Foreign Investors Council White Book:

Proposals for Improvement of the

Investment Climate in Serbia.

Investment Compact: Regulatory

Governance in South East European

Countries: Progress and Challenges.

Regulatory Governance in South East

European Countries: Progress and

Challenges.

The Informal Economy in Albania: Analysis

and Policy Recommendations.



Albania: Enterprise Policy Performance


2003

A Survey on the Role of Taxation in FDI in

South East Europe.

Competition Law and Policy in South East

Europe, OECD Journal: Competition Law

and Policy, pp. 7-82.

Foreign Investors Council: Proposals for

Improvement of the Investment Climate

in Serbia.



Tax Policy Assessment and Design in

Support of Direct Investment: A Study of

Countries in South East Europe.

White Paper on Corporate Governance in

South East Europe.

South East Europe: Enterprise Policy


Albania: Enterprise Policy Performance


Bosnia and Herzegovina: Enterprise Policy


Bulgaria: Enterprise Policy Performance


Croatia: Enterprise Policy Performance


FYR Macedonia: Enterprise Policy


Moldova: Enterprise Policy Performance


Montenegro: Enterprise Policy Performance


Romania: Enterprise Policy Performance


Serbia: Enterprise Policy Performance


2002



2001



Monitoring instruments: Progress in Policy

Reform in FR of Yugoslavia Serbia.



KEY CONTACTS:

Mr Alan PaicHead of Programme

[email protected]

For general enquiries:[email protected]

Media contact:Ms Vanessa Valle

Communications [email protected]


oecd investment compact for south east europe

Documents

investment compact projects

investment climates

oecd tools

developmentthe oecd

oecdinvestment compact

page b oecd

economies of south east

oecd policy framework