OECD(Organization for Economic

Cooperation and Development)

GROUP MEMBERSORÇUN ORANGÖKSEL AKIN

BERK KURTULDUGÜLŞAH KABACA

History of OECDAfter the Second World War Europe destroyed and OEEC was established with the purpose of the Western European economies.

The the purpose of this organization was to distribute the old aid of United States. However functions lost as time goes on and the strenghening of Western Europe largely completed in 1960. So that OECD was found in 1961 and it based on the Paris Convention which signed in 14 December 1960.

OECD is inheritor of European Economic Cooperation organization. The OEEC originally had 18 participants but know this number is 33. The large part of the members are from EU and the UUT which are majority of observer members. OECD countries became rich after industry.

Mission of OECDThe mission of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) is to promote policies that will improve the economic and social well-being of people around the world.

1) Improving the standards of people in member countries and especially developing countries.2) Supporting the policy which provide economic development.3) Eliminate unemployment.4) Ensure the development of World Trade without any discrimination between countries.

How OECD Changed Over

Time

OEEC was established in 1948.

Canada & US joined OEEC in 1960.

OECD was officially born on 30 September 1961.

Other countries joined in, starting with Japan in 1964.

A few decades ago, some countries were players on the world stage ( China-India-Brazil )

These countries have emerged as new economic giants.

- Today , 34 OECD member countries identifty - discuss - analyse common problems.

- In 50 years since OECD was created calculated in terms of gross domestic product of population .

- Other OECD countries have seen similar.

OECD brings 40 countries and acount for 80% of world trade & investment giving in addressing the challenges facing the world economy.

Organizational Structures With Its

Members

OECD MEMBERS

AustraliaAustriaBelgiumCanadaChileCzech RepublicDenmarkEstoniaFinland

FranceGermanyGreeceHungaryIcelandIrelandIsraëlItalyJapan

KoreaLuxembourgMexicoNetherlandsNew ZealandNorwayPolandPortugalSlovak Republic

SloveniaSpainSwedenSwitzerlandTurkeyUnited KingdomUnited States

Decision-making power is vested in the OECD Council. It is made up of one representative per member country, plus a representative of the European Commission. 

The Council meets regularly at the level of permanent representatives to OECD and decisions are taken by consensus. These meetings are chaired by the OECD Secretary-General. The Council also meets at ministerial level once a year to discuss key issues and set priorities for OECD work. The work mandated by the Council is carried out by the OECD Secretariat.

Council

Representatives of the 34 OECD member countries meet in specialised committees to advance ideas and review progress in specific policy areas, such as economics, trade, science, employment, education or financial markets.

There are about 250 committees, working groups and expert groups. Some 40 000 senior officials from national administrations go to OECD committee meetings each year to request, review and contribute to work undertaken by the OECD Secretariat. Once they return home, they have online access to documents and can exchange information through a special network.

Committees

Angel Gurría heads the OECD Secretariat and is assisted by one or more Deputy Secretaries-General. Mr Gurría also chairs the Council, providing the link between national delegations and the Secretariat.

The Secretariat in Paris is made up of some 2 500 staff who support the activities of committees, and carry out the work in response to priorities decided by the OECD Council. The staff includes economists, lawyers, scientists and other professionals. Most staff members are based in Paris but some work at OECD centres in other countries.

Secretariat

What does OECD do and what did OECD do?

OECD’S WAY OF WORKING

PEER REVIEWSAGREEMENTSLEGAL INSTRUMENTSSTANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONSPUBLICATIONS

MAIN ACTIVITIES OF OECD

Peer review has been used at the OECD since the organization was created. It has changed over time to take account of new developments, including the involvement of civil society, business and labor.One measure of the success of the OECD peer review process is that other international organizations have also adopted the method, although the practice has been most extensively developed at the OECD.More recently, members of the New Partnership for African Development (NEPAD) have asked the OECD to help them bring peer review to their region.

PEER REVIEW PROCESS

The Southeast Asian region has experienced remarkable economic dynamism in the past few decades. An interesting feature of recent developments in the region is that in spite of its diversity, several initiatives have been launched towards integration. The peer review mechanism has been tried and tested instrument for countries to work together successfully over the past decades. This tool could benefit the Southeast Asian region as it helps identify good practices, establish standards and principles and ultimately improve the performance of participating economies.This publication examines the possible application of peer reviews to address regional and domestic challenges in Southeast Asia. It is a useful and insightful resource for anybody interested in Southeast Asian economies, regional integration and peer review mechanisms.

An Example: “Shaping Policy Reform and Peer Review in Southeast Asia: Integrating Economies amid Diversity”

Discussions at OECD committee-level sometimes evolve into negotiations where OECD countries agree on rules of the game for international co-operation. They can culminate in formal agreements by countries, for example on combating bribery, on arrangements for export credits, or on the treatment of capital movements. They may produce standards and models, for example in the application of bilateral treaties on taxation, or recommendations, for example on cross-border co-operation in enforcing laws against spam. They may also result in guidelines, for example on corporate governance or environmental practices.

AGREEMENTS, STANDARDS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

These Acts are the result of the substantive work carried out in the Organization’s Committees. They are based on in-depth analysis and reporting undertaken within the Secretariat and cover a wide range of topics from Anti-Corruption to Environment.

OECD’S LEGAL INSTRUMENTS: “THE OECD ACTS”

The end products include international norms and standards, best practices and policy guidelines. Some of them, such as the Codes of Liberalization, are including these points:

Decisions are legally binding on all those Member countries which do not abstain at the time they are adopted.

Recommendations are not legally binding, but practice accords them great moral force as representing the political will of Member countries and there is an expectation that Member countries will do their utmost to fully implement a Recommendation.

Declarations are texts that setting out relatively precise policy commitments are subscribed to by the governments of Member countries.

Arrangements and Understandings are instruments negotiated and adopted in the framework of the Organisation by some Member countries.

International Agreements are concluded in the framework of the Organization and they are legally binding on the Parties.

THE OECD ACTS

What lessons has the crisis taught us about economic policy making and the need for new approaches?

Will unemployed youths ever reach their full working potential?

How big a threat is inequality to growth and stability?How do we really measure the progress of our societies?

PUBLICATIONS