off-peak city deliveries - a socioeconomic analysis
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Off-peak City DistributionSocio-economic analysis
Sönke Behrends, Chalmers University of Technology
Off-Peak City Distribution - Final Workshop6 December 2016, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm
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Effect of congestion on emissions
Rigid truck, 18 tons, Diesel Euro VI
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Purpose• to estimate the socio-economic effects of off-peak city distribution• travel time benefits for ’common traffic’• emission reduction: benefits for public health and ecosystems• Implications of noise nuisance
• estimate the relative importance of effects• estimate the relative significance of influencing factors
•Transferability of results
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Method: Theoretical case study
CUTS Assessment Model
Transport chainsGPS data: project
traffic data: google maps
Emission dataHBEFA (2014)
VehiclesSize: from projectEngine: Diesel E-VI
External cost valuesRicardo-AEA (2014)
OUTPUTexternal costs
System boundaries:
Tank-to-Wheel
no loading/unloading
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urban
suburban
rural
The cases
FTL: Lidl (280km)
LTL: M&S 1 (41km)LTL: M&S 2 (28 km)
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Distribution of externalities – Daytime trips
Martin & Servera 1
Martin & Servera 2
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Lidl
Distribution of externalities – Daytime trips
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http://www.treehugger.com/cars/picture-worth-space-required-transport-60-people-car-uber-and-av.html
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Sensitivity analysis – Congestion levels
-90% -87% -85%-79% -69% -63%
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Martin & Servera 1 (and 2)
• Climate: -25%• Air pollution: -67%• Noise: +158%• No effect on safety
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Lidl
• Climate: -3%• Air pollution: -17%• Noise: +160%• No effect on safety
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Some general conclusions• Congestion cost dominate externalities •OHD significantly reduce externalities even at moderate congestion levels• Bigger effect on air pollution than on climate impact•No effect on safety
• Benefits at the cost of significantly higher noise impacts• can be mitigated by electrification
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Sönke BehrendsChalmers University of TechnologyDepartment of Technology Management of EconomicsE-mail: [email protected]: +46 31 772 1323Twitter: @Goteborgerwww.urbanfreightplatform.se