off-the-road tire application: earthmover 1. otr...

Off-the-Road (OTR) Tire Application Earthmover Module| 1


Off-the-Road Tire Application: Earthmover

1. OTR Application: Earthmover

1.1 Earthmover (Haulage) Service

Notes:

Welcome to the Off-the-Road E-learning for Earthmover (Haulage) Service.



1.2 Objectives

Notes:

In this session, you will learn how to do the following:

* Differentiate between types of earthmover equipment

* Use sales call questions in conversations with customers

* Select tires based on the most important factors

* Describe equipment factors affecting tire performance



1.3 Instructions

Notes:

For this session, please note the following:

* Use the Next button to move from topic to topic and the Previous button to go back a topic.

* For interactive topics, view each section before clicking Next or else you will miss important information that you will need later in the session.

* Use the Notes tab to view the text for the audio.

* Click Resources at the top-right corner for files you can use after you complete the session including the transcript of the audio. The 2013 Off-the-Road Product Guide lists details about all of the OTR tires under the Bridgestone-Firestone-Continuum umbrella, and some of the tables in this presentation come from it (and refer back to it). The Bridgestone Off-the-Road Tires for Earthmovers document lists specifics for all Bridgestone tires for earthmovers in a convenient table format.



1.4 Opening Scenario

Notes:

Case Study and True Story: An inexperienced agent received a phone order for thirty 27.00R49 tires for an account that had a history of long fast hauls. The agent who previously serviced the account knew the customer required heat resistant E3A tires. The new agent who took the call noted we only had E2A (cut resistant tires) currently in stock, which he shipped to the customer. Most of these tires were mounted at about the same time, and all of them heat separated due to misapplication at around the same time as well.

Photo credit: photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/elliottdotorg/742421703/">Christopher Elliott</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/">cc</a>



1.5 Uses and Characteristics of OTR Tires

Notes:

Off-the-road tires have many uses and characteristics. Besides earthmovers, other types of OTR services include graders and loader/dozers.



1.6 Rigid Frame Mining Truck

Notes:

For earthmovers, the types of vehicles include dump trucks, articulated dump trucks, rigid frame mining trucks, coal haulers, and scrapers.

Earthmovers require tires that can resist heat, cuts, wear, and shock bursts.

Earthmovers serve the function of transporting loads from one location to another. They typically reach a maximum speed of 25-35 miles per hour and go up to 2.5 miles one way or 5 miles round trip.



1.7 Articulated Dump Trucks

Notes:

You will find articulated dump trucks (ATDs) used in many job applications:

* Construction

* Road Jobs

* Quarries and Aggregates

* Mining

* Waste

ATDs travel effectively over all types of surfaces, are most commonly used in softer soil applications requiring traction and floatation, and their haul distances can range from a few hundred feet to many miles.

Tire Sizes (for industry standard radial tires):

* 20.5R25 - 29.5R25

Please note:

* 65 Series tires have become popular on larger models

* 875/65R29 replaces the 29.5R25



1.8 Rigid Haul Trucks and Scrapers

Notes:

Except for small trucks (100 ton capacity and less), rigid haul trucks would usually use radial tires. Radial tires run much cooler and last longer in long and fast (30-45 mph) hauls.

Because heat plays a very important role in most haulage service, you must consider ton miles per hour or tonne kilometers per hour (also known as TMPH/TKPH) in selecting the best OTR truck tire. It also plays an important role in scraper applications for long hauls. We will look at TMPH/TKPH in greater detail later in this session.

Scrapers run fast and carry heavy loads thus generating lots of tire deflection and lots of tire-damaging heat.

Bridgestone earthmover/haulage service tires (TRA code E) receive ratings for their individual TMPH/TKPH capacity. We match the tire capacity to the site-application need.

In general, tires that have a higher TMPH/TKPH rating (meaning they generate less tire damaging heat in service) will also have more tread cutting and tearing.

Although customers use radial tires more on rigid frame trucks, a bias tire might work for short distances and slow speeds. So, in some cases, bias-ply tires may provide a better value than radials. A good OTR salesperson looks at all factors before making a recommendation.



1.9 What Should You Ask for Earthmover Sales Call Questions?

Notes:

On sales calls for earthmover tires, you should include the following questions:

* What do your loaded trucks weigh average and maximum?

* What model of truck do you currently operate and have you made any modifications to it?

* How many loads does each truck carry per day? And, as a follow-up question, do or will these change: load, speed, or distance?

* What is your maximum one-way haul?

* What kind of materials do you haul?

* What tire do you currently use?

* What do you see as your chief removal cause at this time? Wear, cutting, or heat separation?

* What tire life do you currently experience?

* Do you feel satisfied with that performance?

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/safari_vacation/7496765660/">SalFalko</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/">cc</a>



1.10 What Should You Ask During Sales Calls?

Notes:

Click each tab to learn more about why you ask each question. After you finish viewing each tab, click Next.

Please note that site visitations will prove crucial to your work. Again, a good OTR salesperson looks at all factors before making a recommendation.



What do your loaded trucks weigh average and maximum? (Slide Layer)

How many loads does each truck carry per day? (Slide Layer)



What do you see as your chief removal cause: wear, cutting, or heat

separation? (Slide Layer)

What tire life have your experienced so far and do you feel satisfied with that

performance? (Slide Layer)



1.11 Let’s Take a Closer Look

Notes:

Let's take a closer look at…

* Bridgestone product matrix

* Firestone product matrix

* Star rating and ply rating conversion charts...and...

* Metric size conversion charts

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/paurian/3550755709/">paurian</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">cc</a>



1.12 Let's Take a Closer Look

Notes:

Click each folder tab to uncover more facts from our case files.

These come from the “Off Road Product Guide March 2013” (2013_OTR_Product_Guide.pdf). Click Resources to access the full file.

Tire Specification Codes (Slide Layer)



Bridgestone product matrix (Slide Layer)

Firestone product matrix (Slide Layer)



Star rating and ply rating conversion chart (Slide Layer)

Metric size conversion chart (Slide Layer)



1.13 Considerations for Selecting Proper Tires

Notes:

The charts shown here come from the file “Off-the-Road Tires for Earthmovers” (bridgestone_off-the-road_tires_for_earthmovers.pdf) in the Resources section of this course. Each selection takes the following into account:

* Desired resistance

* Surface characteristics

* Patterns



1.14 Considering TMPH and TKPH

Notes:

Click Ask to learn more about the measurements and how they figure into measuring the work load of a tire and how we can use them to monitor a tire's work.

Mean Tire Load (Slide Layer)



Average Work Shift Speed (Slide Layer)

TMPH/TKPH (Slide Layer)



1.15 Considering Factors Involved in TMPH/TKPH

Notes:

We express the capability of a tire to operate within a given set of operating conditions by ton-mile-per-hour (TMPH) or ton-kilometer-per-hour (TKPH) and we calculate by this formula: average tire load multiplied by average work speed.

Factors involved in TMPH/TKPH include the empty weight and loaded weight of the truck, the length of the haul cycle, the haul conditions, the grades found on the cycle, and the design of the curves.

Click each note to learn more about the factors involved in TMPH/TKPH.



Red (Slide Layer)

Blue (Slide Layer)



Purple (Slide Layer)

Orange (Slide Layer)



Silver (Slide Layer)



1.16 Exercise: Picking Tires Based on TMPH

Notes:

Example: CAT Model 777 100 ton rigid haul truck using 27.00R49 tires

Recall:

Mean Tire Load (MTL) = (average empty weight + average loaded weight) ÷ 2

Average Work Shift Speed (AWSS)= round trip distance X number of cycles ÷ total hours (including waits and breaks)

Example MTL = 52,000 lbs. ÷ 2,000 lbs. per ton (for short tons) = 26 tons

Example AWSS = 11.25 miles per hour on a 4.5 mile cycle

TMPH = MTL X AWSS = 26 tons X 11.25 miles = 293 ton miles per hour




Notes:

For the 27.00R49 with an application TMPH of 293, which tire would you pick for your customer?

Remember, you can pick a tire with a value of 293 or higher.

Note: The calculations used to come up with these numbers assume an operating temperature of 100 degrees Fahrenheit. They can serve as a general guide when working with customers; however, you will need to work with a sales engineer to adjust the values based on the customer's standard and maximum operating temperatures.




Notes:

For the 27.00R49 with application TMPH of 293, any of the tires rating 293 or higher will work. So any of the E3A or E1A tires will work as well as any of the VRL patterns. None of the E2ALS tires will work and only some of the E2As will do.





Notes:

For the 27.00R49, had we measured an application TMPH of 350, we could not select a cut resistant E2A. We could select any standard compound E1A.




1.20 Considerations for Selecting Proper Tires

Notes:

Now let's look at what you and your customer need to consider in addition to TMPH/TKPH when selecting tires for earthmovers:

* Machine Type

* Operating Conditions

* Expected Tire Performance

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/tranbc/5888904676/">TranBC</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">cc</a>



1.21 Earthmover Proper Tire Selection: Machine Type

Notes:

Let's look closer at machine type. What do you need to consider?

* Make and model

* Maximum load capacity

* Maximum speed and horsepower

* Standard tire size with star rating for radial tires or ply rating for bias tires



1.22 Earthmover Proper Tire Selection: Operating Conditions

Notes:

You also need to consider these operating conditions:

1. Climate

2. Roads (surface conditions, gradients, etc.)

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/dustlake/2995692102/">Dustlake</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/2.0/">cc</a>

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/readerwalker/4286831388/">readerwalker</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/">cc</a>



1.23 Earthmover Proper Tire Selection: Expected Tire Performance

Notes:

You'll need to manage with your customer expectations around tire performance:

* Serviceability

* Heat and cut resistance

* Maneuverability

* Customer's requirements



1.24 Earthmover Proper Tire Selection: Conditions Making Selection

Complicated

Notes:

You'll need to note conditions making selection complicated such as:

* Extreme climate changes

* Use of several types of equipment by different makers

* Subjection of tires to heat and cutting hazards at the same time

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1.25 Earthmover Proper Tire Selection: Important Considerations

Notes:

Finally, you and the customer will need to consider these important factors:

Wear becomes important as tires go many miles and adversely react to wet weather and shot rock.

Heat resistance can prove critical. High speeds of trucks 35-45 mph and long hauls of 3-10 miles create heat, which can destroy the tires.

Ambient (outside) temperature can also become a contributor. Every one degree of ambient temperature affects the tire by half a degree, so extremes in ambient temperature can have an impact.

photo credit: <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/ozyman/152615962/">Ozyman</a> via <a href="http://photopin.com">photopin</a> <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/2.0/">cc</a>



1.26 Equipment Factors Affecting Tire Performance

Notes:

Equipment factors affecting tire performance include the following:

* Power and torque

* Vehicle modifications

* Load distribution

* Turning radius



1.27 Considering Horsepower & Torque

Notes:

When considering horsepower, either after the customer has a piece of equipment rebuilt or buys new equipment, ask the customer:

Does the equipment have the same horsepower as before the rebuild?

Does the new equipment come with higher horsepower?

When considering torque, either after a customer has a piece of equipment rebuilt or buys new equipment, make sure to ask the following:

Do the newer or rebuilt transmissions and drive lines allow more torque to reach the tires?

Both higher horsepower and increased torque allow quicker cycle times for even more PRODUCTION.

How does this affect tire performance and vehicle availability? You will need to recalculate TMPH/TKPH to get a proper sense of the change.



1.28 Considering Vehicle Modifications

Notes:

Every option or modification to earthmoving equipment affects the PRODUCTIVITY of that equipment.

The gain in one area may cause a decrease in another. For example, side boards to prevent spillage may increase the overall payload, which may slow the equipment and increase fuel consumption. For another example, automatic greasers may prevent wear on some components but add load to the frame, suspension, and tires increasing overall fatigue of components.



1.29 Considering Load Distribution

Notes:

How the load on a vehicle gets distributed greatly affects the performance of the vehicle and the life of its components. We sometimes have to convince the end user to change something, usually load, for them to get the most out of the tire.



1.30 Considering Turning Radius

Notes:

As haul trucks get bigger, the turning radius often gets bigger, or, the original equipment manufacturer changes the maximum steering angle to allow tighter turns. Both of these situations affect the performance of the tires on all wheel positions.

Tire scrubbing in turns leads to premature wear, which means the tires will need removal earlier resulting in increased downtime and loss of production.

1.31 Closing Scenario



Notes:

Closing Scenario: Early one fall day, a customer in Alaska orders a large number of tires for a service. The seller immediately sends 30 of the regular service tires that consist of a very hard tread compound. What could possibly go wrong and what did the seller do wrong? Review each response. Click Choice to learn why (or why not) you should consider each response as correct.

Choice1 (Slide Layer)



1.32 Concluding

Notes:

In this session, you learned how to do the following:

Differentiate between types of earthmover equipment

Use sales call questions in conversations with customers

Select tires based on the most important factors

Describe equipment factors affecting tire performance



1.33 Remember

Notes:

Download the attachments and use them in the days, weeks, months, and years ahead. You can also use them for the assessment to test the knowledge you gained today. Think of them as your books for the open-book test!

That concludes the e-learning session. Happy selling!

off-the-road tire application: earthmover 1. otr...

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