Edited by Eva Franch i Gilabert Michael Kubo Ana Miljacki Ashley Schafer

OFFICE US

Lars Müller Publishers

Storefront for Art and Architecture

Atlas

OFFICEUS Atlas

10 OnOfficeUS 114 Offices Establlshed 1901-1915:

EVA FRANCH 1 GILABERT, ANA MILJACKI, William Walles Bosworth • Delano & Aldrich • ASHLEY SCHAFER John Russell Pope • Henry Killam Murphy •

12 On OfficeUSAtlas Walter Burley Griffin and Marion Mahony • ANA MILJACKI, MICHAEL KUBO LeoADaly

20 How Atlas Works 126 Projects 1904-1918

22 OfficeUS: Projects 24 OfficeUS: Firms 128 The Mlsslonary Challenge:

Phllanthropy and lnstltutlon-Bullding 26 Gentleman and Architect: The Formation of At the Turn of the Century

Professional Practice in the US 130 McKim 's Way Glenn Brown, Architectural

28 The OrganizatiQn of An Ar!,;hit!,'!!,;t's Office Record, February 1916 lS.Q,_L The Engineering & Building Record, 139 Editorial CQmm!,'!nt The American Architect

January II, 1890 and The Architectural Review, August 1924

32 HQw Architects Work. D. Everett Waid, 140 Peking )J:niQn CQllege, Th!.'! H;!rvard Medi!<!!l The Brickbuilder, December 1911 School Qfth!.'! Far East George E. Vincent,

37 Tue Bysiness Sid!.'! Qf an Archil!.'!!<t'~ Qffice. Boston Evening Transcript, September 7, 1921

D. Everett Waid, The Brickbuilder, 141 Yen!,;hing )J:niversity C!!rri!.'!~ Qn Tradition August 1913 ofEarly Found!,'!rs Samuel M. Chao,

40 Tue Bu~iD!.'!SS Side of an Ar!,;hit!,'!ct's Offic!,'!. The China Press, July 4, 1934

Th!.'! Qffi!<!.'! of Messrs, M!,;Kim, Mead & 142 Offices Establlshed 1921-1926:

White, D. Everett Waid, The Brickbuilder, Epstein • Raymond & Rado • Schultze &

December 1913 Weaver • Paul R. Williams Architects • 46 Tue Offic~ Qf Al~rt Kahn, Ar!,;hitect, Perry Dean Rogers 1 Partners Architects •

Detroit. Michigan George Baldwin, Shreve, Lamb & Harmon • Richard J . Neutra • Architectural Forum, November 1918 Harrison & Abramovitz

54 HQl;!bird & RQot Architectural Forum, 158 Projects 1919-1929

April 1937 56 Tue Firm ofShr!.'!V!.'!, Lamb & HarmQn 162 To Russia with Love:

Henry H. Saylor, Architectural Record, Reverse-Engineering "American Efflciency" August 1941 164 DQcument; US.SR In Construction NQ, 1

62 Offices Established 1853-1895: January 1933 SmithGroupJJR • D. H. Burnham & 176 Ind!!stri;!I Bl!ildings: Albert Kahn Inc. Company • The Austin Company • McKim, Architectural Forum, August 1938

Maad & White • Holabird & Root • George A. 188 Prodl!!<!.'!r Qf ProdyctiQn Lin!.'!s: Albert Ki!hn Fuller Company • Cass Gilbert • Shepley Architect Architectural Record, June 1942

Bulfinch • Helmle & Corbett • Frank Lloyd 194 ßuilding in One Pi!!<kage Architectural

Wright • Perkins, Fellows and Hamilton • Forum, January 1945 Albert Kahn Associates 198 Offices Established 1928-1936:

Adrian Wilson Associates • William L Pereira 86 Imperial Beauty: & Associates • Payette • Edward Durell

Planning for Democracy Abroad Stone & Associates • Eiierbe Becket • Louis 1. 88 Document: MariQD Mahony, "Tue Em12irial Kahn • Perkins+Will •Alfred L. Aydelott &

Battl!.'!," The, Ma~ir;_ o[Ame,rir;.a c. 1938-1949 Associates • Skidmore, Owings & Merri ll 90 "Canberra", The New Ca11ital City of 216 Projects 1928-1939

Australia Architectural Record, July 1912

100 Th!.'! Work QfWiiliam E. P!Y]Qns in the 218 Right Paths: Philippin!,'! Islands. Part 1 A. N. Rebori, Emigratlng European Practlces and Pedagogles Architectural Record, April 1917 220 Emi~s: Arrival !!!!d PrQjei;ts Al:m1ad

222 Qenetriis.: Personal ContributiQns to Cannon Design • Wimberly Allison Tong &

American Architecture The Architectura/ Goo • CRSS lnc. • Daniel, Mann, Review, May 1957 Johnson & Mendenhall • Joseph Allen Stein

236 Th!;l elace of Mi!;ls in Ameri1.<!!!l Ar!.<hit!.l!.<tl!T!.l and Associates • RTKL • Vincent G. Kling William H. Jordy, Zodiac 8: America, 1961 Associates • Bassetti Architects • Lathrop

242 Marcel Breuer Paolo Portoghesi, Zodiac 8: Douglass • Harry Weese & Associates • America, 1961 John M. Johansen

246 D!;lsign Firm Case Stud~: Vi1,;tQr Gru!;ln Associates lnteriors, July 1960 362 Marshalling Resources:

250 Offices Established 1937-1943: The Regulation of the Pax Americana Marcel Brauer Associates • The Office of Mies 364 US Commitm!;lnts ArQund The World van der Rohe • The Eggers Group •Arthur B. 366 US Building Abroad Architectural Forom,

Froehlich and Associates •Victor Gruen January 1955

International• Eero Saarinen andAssociates • 388 The Architect and His Communit~: Morris LapidusAssociates • Philip Johnson/ Oficina Don Hatch Progressive Architecture,

Alan Ritchie Architects • Ralph Rapson March 1954

Architects • Town Planning Associates • NBBJ 390 Puerto Rico Architectura/ F orom, March 1945 271 Projects 1940-1944 404 Docyment: SkidmQ[!:, Qwings & Merrill,

CreQ/e Pe.tmlß.um C,o!J2.0ratiQn, Amu©! Bay_,

272 lncorporating Architecture: Venezuela, S.A. 1946 The Business of Postwar Practice 414 Offices Established 1948-1949:

274 Th!;l Archite1,;tur!;l ofBureaucra1,;~ & The Oficina Don Hatch • Yamasaki and Ar!.<hitecture ofGenius Henry-Russell Associates • Edward Larrabee Barnes Hitchcock, The Architectural Review, Associates • Hugh Stubbins and Associates • January 1947 ROMA Design Group

280 The Exl2!lriment ofS.O.M. Sigfried Giedion, 424 Projects 1946-1950

Bauen+Wohen, April 1957 286 S.Q.M. Qrganization William E. Hartmann, 426 lntercontinental Comfort:

Bauen+ Wohen, April 1957 Little Americas Abroad 290 Qrganization for Efficient Practice 1: Eggers 428 Document: l:liltQn l:fot!;ll Advertisements

& Higgins Architectural Record, April 1960 432 Hotels: Hola!:lird & RQot & Burgee & 297 Org!!!!ization for Efficient Pra1,;ti1.<!: 2; D11ni!;]l, Associates, Architects Architectura/ Forom,

Mann, Johnson & Mendenhall Architectural June 1950

Record, June 1960 444 Intercontinental HQt!;lls: Design for Tourism 302 Qrg!!!JizatiQn for Efficient Practi1.<!: 3: Smith, Architectural Record, October 1953

Hjnchman and Giylls Architectural Record, 446 Tourist HQl!;ll for Istan!:lui, Turke~ August 1960 Architectural Record, January 1953

309 Qrganizatjon for Efficient Practice 4: Caudill, 456 Bill Tabler's HQt!.l! 6QQm Architectural

Rowlett a,nd Scott Architectural Record, Forom, July 1957

November 1960 464 HabanaHiltQnlnteriors,August 1958

315 Org!!!!ization for Efficient Practice ~: 472 Offices Established 1951-1953:

tl!:llmyth, Obata and Kassabaum Gyo Obata, Eduardo Catalano • Paul Rudolph • Davis George E. Kassabaum, George F. Hellmuth, Brody Bond Architects & Planners • Sert, Architectural Record, February 1961 Jackson & Associates • lntegrus • John

324 Th!;l N!;]w Saarinen Office Walter McQuade, Portman & Associates • Sasaki Associates Architectura/ Forom, April 1963 486 Projects 1950-1953

332 Th!;l fin!;] and the Folk: An Essa~ on Mi;;Kim, M!;li!d and White and the American Tradition 490 The Image of Good Government: Peter Smithson, Architectural Design, The Foreign Buildings Operations Program August 1965 492 FBQ Mat!;]ri11! Q11ins frQm Post-WWIT Debt

336 Offices Established 1945--1948: 494 U.S. Ar1,;hit!;11,;tur!;] A!:lroad The Architectural

TheArchitects Collaborative •NELSON H2L2 • Forom, March 1953

510 An;hitecture to Renresent America Abroad 640 Master Plan Study Gives East Pakistan New

Architectural Record, May 1955 A1!1!roaches For Tronical Architecture

518 USAAbroad Architectural Forum, Raymond Lifchez, Architectural Record,

December 1957 September 1968

528 Offices Established 1954-1955: 650 Visions of Grandeur Brian Brace Taylor,

John Hejduk • Robert P. Madison Mimar 6, October-December 1982

International • Victor A. Lundy • HOK • 660 Offices Established 1963-1972:

Pei Cobb Freed & Partners Architects • Polshek Partnership • Richard Meier &

Wiliam B. Tablar Architects Partners Architects • Michael Graves &

540 Projects 1954-1956 Associates • Eisenman Architects •

Gwathmey Siegel Kaufman Architects •

544 Broadcasting USA: Soft Power and Bohlin Cywinski Jackson • Gensler •

the United States Information Agency Hartman-Cox Architects • Kevin Roche

546 Funding for US Particination in Class 1 John Dinkeloo and Associates • Studio

World Exnositions Hillier • BTAArchitects • Antoine Predock

548 Desigi;i as 11 Political Force Jane Fiske Architect PC • Center for Environmental

Mitarachi, Industrial Design, February 1957 Structure •JAHN • Goettsch Partners•

568 US Architecture In West Berlin Arts & Robert A. M. Stern Architects • SITE •

Architecture, January 1958 Morphosis Architects

574 Docurnent: Cambridge Study Groun F or the 690 Projects 1963-1972

Brussels Universal and International

Exhibition, "Man inAmerica" 1957-1958 698 Money Matters:

575 Docurnent: W.W. Rostow, "Some Unfinished Architectural Competition on the Open Market

Business OfThe American Community" 700 Net Profits

1957-1958 702 Deca:i: ofthe Old Ethics StephenA. Kliment,

578 What the Russians Will See Gereon Architecture & Engineering News,

Zimmermann, Look, July 21, 1959 December 1968

582 Montreal Dome: Inside the Bubble 706 Architecture: The Entrenreneurial Profession

Architectural Forum, June 1966 Robert Gutrnan, Progressive Architecture,

584 Exno 67: Drop-OutArchitectural Forum, May 1977

June 1967 712 The Individual: Richard Meier Suzanne

586 Tue U.S. At Osaka Architectural Forum, Stephens, Progressive Architecture, May 1977

October 1968 716 The Corporate Architect: Paul Kennon, CRS

596 Offices Established 1957-1962: John Morris Dixon, Progressive Architecture,

Brown Dallas and Associates • Mitchell/ May 1977

Giurgola Architects • Parker Design Group • 718 SOM at Midlife Suzanne Stephens,

Venturi, Scott Brown and Associates • Progressive Architecture, May 1981

Gunnar Birkerts and Associates • Zimmer 722 HOK: An American Recine for Success

Gunsul Frasca Architects • Tigerman McCurry Stephen Trornbley, RIBA Journal,

Architects • Cambridge Seven Associates • March 1982

Gehry Partners • KMW Architecture 728 Portmania Maeve Slavin, Interiors,

614 Projects 1956-1962 October 1984

738 BTA In the l 990s: The Place, The Peonle,

622 Nation Buildings: The Culture Dennis J. De Witt, PROCESS:

Post-Colonial Symbols and lnfrastructures Architecture, June 1990

624 US Architects in India, Pakistan, and 748 Projects 1972-1973

Bangladesh 1947-1975

626 New Work in the Office ofEd Stone 750 Crude Ideals:

Architectural Forum, October 1961 Architecture and Oil in the Gulf States

630 Islamabad: A Progress Renort on Pak:istan's 752 US Architects in the GulfStates 1945-1991

New Canital City Nicholas Taylor, 754 Americans Abroad: Brown and Daltas in Iran

The Architectural Review, March 1967 Architectural Forum, October 1962

762 Th~ Qil-Ri!;b Mideast: Th~ new frontier fQr 860 Profit Margln: professiQnal services? Charles Hoyt, Signature Developments In Europe and Japan A rchitectura/ Record, June 197 5 862 Ameri!;llllS Ab[Q!!d: Some CQminii

772 Partn~rs In GrQwtb; Th~ Qulf John Lawton, AttractiQns Nora Richter Greer, Architecture,

ARAMCO World Magazine, January- January 1989 February 1977 866 Europe!!n FQrecast Andrea Oppenheimer

778 Los Ang~les Compani~ Cr~ate Worldwid~ Dean, Architecture, September 1990

~ Ruth Ryon, T'he Los Angeles Times, 872 Americans in LondQn Deborah K. Dietsch,

June 4, 1978 Architecture, September 1990 784 Am~ci!;an Design~rs in Ar!!bia Midd/e East 880 Japanese lmpQrts Mildred F. Schmertz,

Construction, August 1985 Architecture, September 1990

790 Offices Established 1974-1980: 886 Model Hornes Lynn Nesmith, Architecture,

Machado and Silvetti Associates • September 1990

Kohn Pedersen Fox Associates • Steven 888 That's Entertainment Suzanne Stephens, Holl Architects • Gluckman Mayner Architectura/ Record, August 1990

Architects • Arquitectonica • Moore Ruble 898 ExpQrting Ar!;hite!;tu~; N~w York Yudell Architects & Planners • Pelli Clarke Architects Abro!!d Nina Rappaport, Ocu/us,

Pelli Architects • Jerde Partnership • October 1995 FXFOWLE Architects • Koetter Kirn & 902 Offices Establlshed 198~1988:

Associates • MACK Architect(s) • Office dA • Sorg Architects •Tod Williams

Safdie Architects • Diller Scofidio + Renfro • Billie Tsien Architects • RUR Architecture PC •

Santos Prescott and Associates • Bernard Tschumi Architects • Acconci Studio •

Duany Plater-Zyberk & Company Seildorf Architects •Asymptote Architecture

814 Projects 1973-1981 910 Projects 1985-1988

822 Command Line: The Computer-Alded Office 914 Getting Defensive: 824 SQM's Compl!t~r A11prQl!ch Architectural FBO Security Protocols After the Cold War

Record, Mid-August 1980 916 Attacks on !.!S Embassies

832 The TraditiQn11l Qffice is TransfQrmed Susan 918 Th~ Cl!rr~nt Stat~ QfSt!lt~ D~artm~nt

Doubilet, Thomas Fisher, Progressive Bl!.ilding Bill N. Lacy, Architecture, January

Architecture, May 1985 1989

834 The Tr!lditiQnal Qffice is Tr@sfQrmeg: HQK 922 Stat~ De11artm~nt C!llls for Razing Of

Deborah K. Dietsch, Progressive Bugg~d Embassy in MQS!;QW Lynn Nesmith, Architecture, May 1985 Architecture, January 1989

836 HQw Qn~ Firm 8rok~ lntQ CAD Ihrol!gb 926 S11fe DijllQmacy Lynn Nesmith, Architecture,

Design. NQt Prodl!ction John Hughes, May 1990

Architectural Record, February 1993 932 Ambivalent SymbQl James S. Russell,

838 FreegQm ofFonn B.J. Novitski, Architectural Record, May 1993

Architecture, August 1994 936 A FQrtress Witl:! NQ A12Qlogi~s Karen D.

844 N~w Qeh!}'. I~chnQlQgies Will En111.ll~ Man)' Stein, Architectura/ Record, October 1996

tQ Bol!fü Qo Whe~ Onl)' Frank l:ias ()Qn~ 946 Offices Established 1989-1990:

~ Deborah Snoonian, Architectural LEESER Architecture • Preston Scott Cohen •

Record, October 2003 Studio Daniel Libeskind • WEJSS/MANFREDI

846 Offices Establlshed 1981-1985: Architecture/Landscape/Urbanism

Toshiko Mori Architect • Populous • Rafael 950 Projects 1988-1990 Vii'loly Architects • Kierannmberlake •

Hodgetts + Fung • STUDIOS Architecture 952 Architecture, Engineering, Construction, 854 Projects 1981-1985 Operations, Management:

The Rise of the Multinational Office 954 AECQM Famil)' Tree

956 FQr~ign Exchange; Advice FrQm the Ex11~rts, 1074 Offices Established 2002-2003:

British Reaction Karin Tetlow, Architecture, Studio Shanghai • Utile • MOS Architects •

September 1990 Wodiczko + Bonder

962 HQw to Qet Abead and Sta)' There Wor/d 1078 Projects 2001-2004

Architecture, January 1997 964 l.!S Prni;!ic~s Find Their Feet in Ex11anding 1088 Architectural Playgrounds:

LondQn David Taylor, The Architects' Emerglng Practices, Global Platforms Journal, April 17, 1997 1090 Borderline Personalit)' Iris Moon,

966 Wben Bigger Is Better Philip Langdon, Architecture, September 2004

Architectura/ Record, August 1998 1100 Jinhua Ari;hitectur~ Park: Organized hx Ai 972 The House ofMorrison Amanda Kolson Weiwei Toshiko Mori, 32 Beijing/New York,

Hurley, Architect, May 2008 December 2005

980 Making it Big Aaron Seward, The Architects 1104 The New Small Ari;bitectural Prai;tices

Newspaper, June 16, 2010 Sebastian Schmaling, Harvard Design

984 Offices Established 1990-1996: Magazine 32, Spring-Summer 2010

AECOM • KVA matx • Stan Allen Architect • 1112 Into Africa: Contin~nrnl Shift Howard W.

Louise Braverman, Architect • Zago French, Architectural Record, August 2012

Architecture • LOT-EK • Michael Maltzan 1117 Forward Thinking Asad Syrkett, Architecture • VJAA • Carlos Zapata Studio • Architectura/ Record, August 2012

SHoP 1122 Offices Established 2003-2006: 994 Projects 1990-1997 WORKac • Höweler + Yoon Architecture •

over,under • REX Architecture

1008 Dreamworlds: 1126 Projects 2004-2006 Architectures of Conspicuous Consumption

1010 !:;anal Cit)' Hakl!ta, Eukuoka, J!Ulan Karen 1138 Beyond Mega-: Sustalning Superlatives Stein, Architectural Record, March 1997 1140 World's Ta11!;lst Buildings

1016 Tue Pharaoh's Fantas)' Eleanor Curtis, 1142 Asia's Ta11est Towers Ann C. Su11ivan,

B/ueprint, July-August 1997 Architecture, September 1996

1018 The Bilbao Effect Suzanne Stephens, 1150 Positive Energx Vemon Mays, Architect,

Architectura/ Record, May 1999 June 2008 1024 Spirit Qf the Age Nicola Turner, Wor/d 1156 Bexond Limits Josephine Minutillo,

Architecture, July 1999 Architectura/ Record, August 2010 1032 Offices Established 1998-2000: 1162 The Short and the Ia11 of lt Clifford A.

Hashim Sarkis Studios • Slade Architecture • Pearson, Architectural Record, May 2012

Studio SUMO• OBRAArchitects • L.E.FT • 1164 Enter The Dragon Suzanne Stephens,

SsD Architectural Record, May 2012

1038 Projects 1998-2000 1170 Sculpting The Skyline Joann Gonchar,

Architectura/ Record, May 2012

1044 Open For Business: Developments in Asia 1178 Kingdom Come Suzanne Stephens, Carol 1046 Curr~ni;x Exchani:~ Rates Willis, Architectura/ Record, May 2012

1048 Asia B2und Philip Langdon, Progressive 1181 Offices Established 2006-2011 :

Architecture, March 1995 Adrian Smith + Gordon Gill Architecture • 1062 China: Moving Heaven and Earth, and ATOPIA • ORG Organization For Permanent '

QQiru: it Faster Than You Thought Possible Modernity • MASS Design Group • SO-IL •

Clifford A. Pearson, Architectural Record, Leong Leong • NADAAA

March2004 1188 Projects 2007-2014

1066 Projects Taking Sha~ in China Sam Lubell, Architectura/ Record, March 2004 1206 Repository Office Articles

1070 Shanghai World Financial Cen~r Rises Again 1222 Project Image Credits

Colin Ga1loway, Urban Land, March 2007