offshore wind energy: status and challenges · 2019-03-26 · 3. offshore wind is a rapidly...
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NATIONAL RENEWABLE ENERGY CENTRE
Offshore Wind Energy:
status and challenges
Ignacio Martí Pérez
Deputy Technical Director for R&D
National Renewable Energy Center of Spain
CENER
www.cener.com http://iap.esa.int/c/eare
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Contents
1. The European renewable energies strategy.
2. Wind energy status.
3. Wind energy offshore.
4. Offshore wind challenges.
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EU 2020 Climate and Energy Targets
3
01 EU strategy
Strategic energy Technology Plan (SET Plan)
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The Renewable Energy Directive
4
1. Sets mandatory national targets for renewable energy shares, including 10% renewable share for transport, in 2020
2. Creates flexibility by facilitating cooperation between Member States to help reach targets cost effectively
3. Requires national renewable energy action plans
4. Requires reduction of administrative and regulatory barriers, improvements in provision of information and training and improves renewables’ access to the electricity grid
5. Creates a sustainability regime for biofuels
01 EU strategy
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National Renewable Energy Action Plans
5
• Planned growth to 2020 leading to 20.6% by 2020
• Majority of Member States to reach or exceed their national targets; 2 -4 MS will partly rely on imports using cooperation mechanisms
• Total renewable energy consumption will more than double from 99 Mtoe (2005) to 245 Mtoe (2020)
• Combined EU renewable energy shares in the 3 sectors in 2020 (projections):
• Electricity from renewable sources – 34% • Heating & cooling from renewable sources– 21,5% • Transport from renewable sources– 11%
01 EU strategy
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6
RES costs
Source: RE-SHAPING
Deployment needed for cost reduction: favourable “market pull”
environment “technology push”
through R&D
01 EU strategy
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Impact of Wind Energy 02 Wind Energy Status
Source EWEA
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02 Wind Energy Status
Wind is leading
Source EWEA
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Annual and cumulative offshore installed capacity in MW 2000 - 2009
03 Wind Energy Offshore
Offshore wind is growing
Source EWEA
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03 Wind Energy Offshore
Big potential market
Source EWEA
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Technical challenges 04 Challenges
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Technical challenges
5 MW RePower
04 Challenges
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Gravity Base Monopile
Technical challenges
SHALLOW WATERS (< 20 m)
04 Challenges
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TRANSITIONAL DEPTHS (20-50 m)
JACKETS
Technical challenges 04 Challenges
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Technical challenges
DEEP WATERS ( > 50 m)
04 Challenges
Source NREL
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Technical challenges
DEEP WATERS ( > 50 m)
04 Challenges
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Other challenges and opportunities
1. Grid connection can be a limiting factor if the EU grid is not properly designed.
2. Legislation and administrative procedures.
3. Offshore wind is a rapidly maturing and increasing competitive market. Today Europe industry is leading.
4. Reliability is one of the key factors to reduce the cost of energy.
5. Some possible bottlenecks can influence the development of offshore wind:
a) Specialised vessels. b) Submarine cables. c) Adequate ports.
04 Challenges
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Ignacio Martí [email protected] www.cener.com http://iap.esa.int/c/eare