STEPS OF MANUFACTURING CNT &GRAPHENE: Batch type CVD Method

1.PREPARATION OF SPECIF CATALYST BY WET CHEMICAL METHOD

2.LOADING OF CATALYST INSIDE REACTOR CHAMBER OF FURNACE

3.FURNACE IS WORKABLE UPTO 1200 DGREE C TEMP AND IS CONTROLLED BY

AUTOMATION

4. INFLOW OF GASED FROM GAS PIPLINE 5 NUMBERS OF GASES ARE TO BE USED

5. CONTROL OF GAS AND TEMP.

6. REACTION COVERS IN 6 HOURS

7. TAKING OUT OF PRODUCTS FROM FURNACE

8. PURIFICATION WITH ACID/BASE ARE CONDUCTED FOR 24 HOURS

5. DRYING OF PRODUCTS FOR ANOTHER 24 HOURS

6. EACH ACTIVITIES ARE PARALLEL AND MULTIPLES INVOLVEMENTS

7. CHARACTERIZATION OF PRODUCTS

8. PACKING AND STORAGE

TOATL RUN TIME: 6 HOURS/DAY

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are carbon allotropes with known outstanding electronic properties like: ballistic charge transport at room temperature up to several nanometers, capability of sustaining current densities larger than 109A/cm2 without degradation and high thermal conductivity. Additionally, CNTs can be manufactured with a bottom-up approach using a catalytic chemical-vapor deposition (CVD) based method where the CNTs are grown from the decomposition of a gaseous carbon source by the catalytic action of metallic nanoparticles. For these reasons CNT can be beneficial and find a prompt application as interconnects for the future generations of microchips. In particular, bundles of dense CNTs can be used at the contact level of microchips and memories where conduits of increasingly high aspect ratio are expected for connecting the transistors with the first metallization lines.

With a catalytic CVD based process, CNT can be manufactured at temperatures compatible with the materials used in microchips and on large areas like 200 and 300mm Si wafers. Control of the CNT diameter and location can be achieved by controlling the size and location of the catalyst nanoparticles and finally, as the method is based on a gaseous precursor, it permits the deposition of CNTs in features of high aspect ratio provided the presence of catalyst at the bottom.

Comparisons between Nanotube and Graphene given below.

CARBON NANOTUBE Graphene molecular image

Microscopic image of

Multi-walled Carbon Nanotube

Microscopic image of Graphene

Nanoplatelets

PHYSIC

AL

Cylinder Platelet with average

STRUCT

URE

~1nm X 100nm diameter

Length > 1µ long

length of <=80nm

breadth of <=50nm thickness of <=6nm

CHEMIC

AL

STRUCT

URE

Graphene

(chair, zigzag, chiral)

Graphene

Carbon

content:

>97% >= 98.5%

Colour: Black Black/Dark Grey

Tensile

Modulus:

1530 GPA 900 GPA (Along X and Y axis)

Productio

n

Methodol

ogy:

Chemical Vapour Deposition process Chemical Vapour Deposition process

Propertie

s

Properties of MWCNT ,

Density: ~2.0g/cm3

Electrical Resistivity: ~100

Ω·cm

Thermal Conductivity: 3000

W/(m·K)

Tensile Modulus: 50 GPa

Tensile Strength: ~10-20 GPa

Assay : >7.5% MWCNT

basis

Composition: carbon content

upto 99% (TGA)

Melting point: 3652-3697 °C

Density: ~2.1 g/mL at 25 °C

Outer Diameter: 20-50 nm

Properties:

Density: ~2.0g/cm3

Electrical Resistivity: ~5×10-5 Ω·cm

Thermal Conductivity: 3000

W/(m·K)

Tensile Modulus: ~1000 GPa

Tensile Strength: ~10-20 GPa

Aspect ratio:7:5

Lumen diameter : 10-15 nm

Tube length: 5-8 micron

APPLIC APPLICATIONS OF MWCNT

S.I.No Industry Applications

*Common worldwide player

1 Electronics Logic Processor: [IBM,NEC*]

Computer Memory: [NANTERO*]

Sensors: NANOMIX*

Displays: FED: SAMSUNG*

Interconnects: FUJITSU,IBM*

Thermal Management: CELL PHONE,

HANDHELDS,LAPTOP: INTEL/ZYVEX

Packaging: IC, ESD,EMI PACKAGING

Plastic Electronics: EIKOS*

Carbon Nanotube Electrode Coating:

BioCAM*

Field Emission [FED,TFT,FED]

Conductive Plastics

Nanoscale electronics/nanocomputing

Conductive Adhesives and Connectors

Molecular Electronics

Electromechanical Sensors Gas Sensors

Nanothermometer. A carbon nanotube can

be partially filled with gallium metal.

Flash photography

Nano-Radioa sheet of nanotubes can

operate as a loudspeaker if an alternating

current is applied in antenna wave

propagation carbon nanotubes.

2 Energy Super Capacitors

Hydrogen Storage

Methane Storage

Lithium-Ion Batteries

Pt Catalyst on CDC Support

Tribiological Coatings

Paper Battery

Solar Cell

Petrolium refining

Catalysis

3 Pollution Control Nano Membrane,

water pollution control

4 Health Biomedical

Robotics

Prosthetics

Diagnostic

smart textiles

surgery tools edging

neurological wires

tissue/body parts replacement

Drug delivery

vaccine delivery

Genetic engineering (si RNA)

Regenerative Medicine: Artificial

Tissue,Muscle,Tooth Boon

Replacement,Neuro-Wire

5 Instrumentation AFM probe tips: Piezomax*

6 Aerospace Coating

Air craft Components

Actuators/Artificial muscles

Flywheel

Space Elevator

Sensor Camera

unmanned aerial vehicles

7 Textiles Smart textiles

Soft-Feeling Conductive Textiles

8 Automotive Springs

Ball Bearings

Engine Cylinder

Fuel Lubricants

Light Batteries

Body Part

Ship Body

9 Building Materials Smart Windows

Nanocements

Nanoconcrete

Nanopaints

Steel Hardening

Cutting Tools

10 Sports Goods Fibre Reinforced Plastics in Tennis Ball,

Cricket Bat, Coats

11 Manufacturing CNT based strain and pressure sensors

Hydrogen monitoring sensor

petroleum transformation

Water repellent in mining industry

Catalysis

Conveyer belts nanogear

Molecular machines

Polymer-enforced composite for all the

light weight high tensile applications

12 Defence Sensor

Smart textiles,

Fight jets,

Smart actuators,

Bomb detection,

Smart navigators

13 Food CNT- based biosensors are being used for

meat freshness monitoring.

CNT-based chemical sensors can be used

to detect undesired chemical residues

resulting from food additives, animal

drugs, pesticides, herbicides, and other

environmental contaminants in raw and

processed foods.

The MWCNT-coated quartz crystal

microbalance humidity sensor.

CNT based CO2 sensors can be used to

monitor the concentration of CO2 within

the greenhouse or controlled environment

garden to achieve an optimal environment

for plant growth.

CNT based pressure sensors can be made

use of for uniform spraying of liquid

fertilizer, insecticides, pesticides, and

herbicides.

CNT-based pH sensors are highly useful

for maintaining proper pH balance of water

quality for fishing industries (for growth of

cultured fishes and shrimps)so as to avoid

abnormality in fishing grounds and

hatcheries.

Ripening of fruit/crop food born pathogen.

Artificial photo synthesis

DNA sensing,

Genetic Engineering (DNA/RNA

Delivery),

14 Printing Nanoink

APPLICATIONS GRAPHENE:

S.I.No Industry Applications

1 Automotive

Front Crash Guard

Automotive Paints

Car Interiors

Electrostatic Paints

Composites

2 Steel Reinforcement

Stainless Steel Coating

3 Paints

Pigments

Artists Pigments

Aerospace Paints

4 Cement Photocatalytic Coating

5 Plastic

Conductive Plastics

Opacity Enhancement

Packaging

Improved Mechanical Strength

6 Concrete

Filler

Process Time Improvement

Water Proof

7 Coatings

Electrode Surface Coatings

Transparent Conductive Coatings

Paper Coatings

Cement & Tile Coating

Anticorosive Coating

Reflective Optical Coating

Plastic Coating

Glass Coating (Self Cleaning)

Anti Fogging Coating

Polycarbonate Coating

Piezoelectricity in textile

Antistaining, Anti - Bacterial Coating

8 Energy Windmill

Fuel Systems

9 Electronics

Micro Chips

Chemical Sensing Instruments

Biosensors

Flexible Displays & LCD's

LED's

Solar Cells

Electric Connections

EMI / RFI Shielding

Laser Diode

Thin Film Transistor

Electrode

Random Lazers

Field Emitters

Spintronics

Semi Conductors

Electricity

Memristors

10 Fertilizers  

11 Textile

Piezzo Electricity

Self Powered Nano Systems

Antibacterial and Antistaining

Antifouling

12 Cometics & Food

Sunscreen

Creams

Baby Powder

Anti Dandruff Shampoo

Tooth Paste

Milk

Packaging

13 Health & Medicine

Tablets Coating

Waste Water Treatment

Antibacterials

Dental Application

Controlled Drug Release

14 Chemical

Cataltic Hydrolysis

Hydrolysis

Photocatalysis

15 Defence

Information writing- erasing –

rewriting

Wireless Antenns

LED's

Sensors

16 TyreCure Time Reduction

Activator

Mechanical Property Enhancement

Improved Thermal Conductivity

Replacement of Carbon Black

Summary:

The carbon based nanomaterials are new entities produced by nanotechnology. Due to its extra ordinary electromechanical & surface properties it has quite an unlimited area of applications in almost all the existing industries. It goes into the metallic/polymer matrix which results into the super quality of composites materials out of which the finished product formed with the better performance properties. Its our advantage to learn the technology and trying to bring the nation into the global race of technology. Unfortunately only couples of industries have come to exist to produce these materials. The demands and supply has big gap due to unavailability of these materials in our local market.

Technologically we are capable to take over this project with maximum productivity and success.-------------