OHSASPRESENTED BY-

ANTARA PAUL (02)

SHREETI MISHRA (26)

OHSAS

OHSAS 18001 is an internationally applied British Standard for occupational health and

safety management systems

It helps all kinds of organizations to put in place demonstrably sound occupational health and safety

performance

Understand loss causation and control

Understand risk identification, evaluation and assessment methods

Identify the gaps in their own OH&S and improve upon them

Measure, monitor and audit the system for continual improvement

◦ LIFE◦ Employees◦ Contractors◦ Customers◦ Community

PROPERTY

Share holders

Insurance company

Financial institutions

National wealth

Customer’s products

ENVIRONMENT

What we owe to the future

generations

SAFETY

NEED FOR SAFETY MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Improved compliance

Reduction in liability and risk

Reduction in hospital hours

Improved internal management

Improved relationship with authorities

Confidence with stake holders, public

DEVELOPMENT OF QUALITY CONCEPTS

◦

◦ TQM

◦ All the above plus involving customers,◦ employees and customers

QM

Planning, checking all management

functions

QA

Planning & checking

QCInspection

SAFETY MANAGEMENT EFFORTS

Must address all Management elements for control

Must address normal, abnormal and emergency conditions

Must have measurable parameters

Must be goal driven

Must be relevant to hazards and risks

Must involve all employees

Must promote continual improvement

Safety performance / achievements

Time

OH & S MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

BENEFITS OF OH&SMS

Systematic approach

Improved communication

Improved safety & health performance

Reductions in accidents, costs, staff absence and / or claims

Reductions in adverse publicity

Improved insurance liability rating

Improved production out put

OHS RISK MANAGEMENT

The Essence of risk management is to avoid high risks, manage medium risks and live with low

risks

ACCIDENT CAUSATION MODEL

Lack of

control

Basic

causes

Immediate

causesIncident Loss

LOSS CONTROL MODEL

Lack of

control

Inadequate

System

Sys. StdsCompliance

to stds

Basic

causes

Personel

factors

System /

job

factors

Immediate

causes

Sub std.

Practices

Sub std.

Conditions

Incident

Event

Loss

Unintended

harm

and / or

damage

Threshold limit

LOSS CAUSATION MODEL

Lack of

control

Basic

causes

Immediate

causesIncident Loss

• Inadequate system

• Inadequate system standards

• Inadequate compliance with standards

LACK OF CONTROL

Lack of

control

Basic

causes

Immediate

causesIncident Loss

Personal Factors System / Job Factors

Inadequate capability Inadequate leadership

Lack of Knowledge Inadequate Engineering

Lack of skill Inadequate Purchasing

Stress Inadequate tools, equipment

Improper motivation Inadequate maintenance

Wear and Tear

Abuse and Misuse

BASIC CAUSES

SAFETY DEPENDS ON

◦ HARDWARE

◦ the plant and upkeep

SOFTWARE

The organisation

HUMANWARE

The people

HARDWARE

the plant and upkeep

HUMANWARE

The people

SOFTWARE

The organisation

Planned

Inspection

Critical task and

procedures

Recruitment and

placement

Engineering

and change

Accident / incident reporting, analysis

Procurement

Maintenance

Health and Hygiene

Personal and group communications

PPETask observations

Training

(skill, knowledge)

Rules, work

permits

Emergency

preparedness

System

review

Materials and

services Mgmt

Leadership

SAFETY DEPENDS ON

HAZARDS

Potential to cause harm

Injury

Damage to environment

Damage to assets

Ill health

A source or situation with a potential for harm in terms of human injury or ill health, damage to property,

environment or combination of these

RISKS

LIKELIHOOD and

CONSEQUENCE of hazardous event occurring

The combination of the likelihood and consequence of a specified hazardous event occurring

Risk can also be expressed as probability and extent of damage or loss

Occupational Health Hazards

Chemical

Dust / fibres

Fumes

Smockes

Mists / aerosols

Gases

Vapours

Biological

Virus, bacteria, fungi etc.,

Physical

Noise

Vibration

Temperature

Radiation

Illumination

Pressure

Ergonomic

Lifting, repetitive motion,

Fatigue, pressure etc.,

EVALUATION

Chemical concentration

Route of exposure

Length of exposure

Frequency of exposure

Individual variation

Drug / medicine reactions

Chemical formulations

Environment

Controls in use

RISK CRITERIA

Defining the “pain threshold” for

Major Loss

Significant

Serious Loss

Minor Loss

… for affecting the OHS situation

Hazard Identification

Risk Evaluation

Prepare OHS Programme

TERMINATE

Avoid or

Eliminate

the hazard

TREAT

OHS

Management

System

TOLERATE

Acceptable

level of Risk

TRANSFER

Insurance

Implement OHS Programme

Monitor ( measure evaluate, commend or correct )

Management

of risks..

STEPS FOR CONTROL OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH ISSUES

Plan

Identify the OH exposures in your organisation

Set standards on exposure limits, monitoring and control of factors

Do

Control the causes, implement controls, monitor work place

Check

Health check ups, area monitoring trends, evaluate new exposure

Act

Correct deficiencies, set new standards, allocate resources, set improvement targets

OHSAS 18001

The OHSAS 18001 specification was updated in July 2007

the new specification was more closely aligned with structures of ISO 9000 and ISO 14000 so

that organizations could more easily adopt OHSAS 18001 alongside existing management

systems.

Additionally, the "health" component of "health and safety" was given greater emphasis

APPLICABLE TO ORGANIZATIONS

Wish to eliminate or minimize hazards.

Wish to have OH&S Assessment system .

Assure conformation to OH&S Policy.

Demonstrate by seeking certifications.

GENERAL REQUIREMENTS

Depends on the size of the organization

Organization can implement them in full or select specific area in the company

Nature of its activities

1. Establish and Maintain OHSAS system

OHSAS POLICY

2. Have a OH&S policy. The OH&S policy shall be

Authorized by top Management.

Appropriate to the nature and scale of OH&S risks.

Commitment to Continual improvement.

Committed to comply with legislation of the land.

Documented & communicated to interested parties.

Reviewed periodically to keep the policy relevant and appropriate to the organization.

Inputs for the Quality Policy

Relative to business .

OH&S hazards of the organization- Past & Present.

legal and other requirements (eg corporate or group goal)

Legal and other interested parties.

Opportunities and need for continuous improvement.

Resources needed ,contribution of employees and contribution of contractors and other

external personnel.

PLANNING FOR HAZARD

IDENTIFICATION

RISK ASSESSMENT AND RISK CONTROL

1. Documented Procedure required for

Identification of Hazards.

Assessment of risks .

Risk control measures.

2. Should keep this information up to date

this is a feed back for OH&S policy.

Contd...

3. Hazard identification, risk assessment and risk control

process should cover,

routine and non-routine activities

activities are personnel exposed to risk including sub-contractors and

visitors

all work places,included sub-contracted activities (inside the organization).

Contd...

4. The methodology for hazard identification and risk

assessment shall be

Defined with respect to scope of the activity

Proactive ( not reactive)

classified ( elimination, control, use of PPE)

dependent on the facility and training needed/available.

Monitored for effectiveness periodically.

To be reviewed at effective periodical.

Legal and other Requirements

1.Establish and maintain a procedure for

Identifying the legal and other OH&S requirements the company.

Accessing the current status of such requirements in the company.

2.Keep this information up to date

communicate relevant information on legal and other requirements to company’s

employees and other interested portion.

OBJECTIVES

1. Have documented OH&S objectives at each relevant

function/level.

2. The objectives shall be based on

Legal and other and risks.

Technological option.

Its OH&S hazards and risks.

Financial,operational and business requirement.

Views from interested parties.

3. There shall be a commitment to continual improvement

IMPLEMENTATION AND OPERATION

OF OHSAS MANAGEMENT

PROGRAMME

Implementation

and

Operation

Audit

Checking and Corrective action

Feed back from

measuring

performance

Planning

STRUCTURE AND RESPONSIBILITIES

Define roles responsibilities and authorities for the personnel in the company

Designate a management appointee with defined responsibility for implementing

the OHSAS

TRAINING, AWARENESS &

COMPETENCE

1. Establish procedure to ensure that employee whose tasks impact

OH&S are competent enough to perform specific task

2. Competence can be based on

Education

Experience or Training

3. Ensure that such employees are aware of

Importance to follow OH&S procedure

their roles in the Oh&S management System

4. Training should be given based on

responsibility, ability & liberty

the risk of their work

5. Evaluate the effectiveness of the training.

CONSULTATION AND COMMUNICATION

Establish a procedure which will ensure that the employee in the organization are

aware about the OH&S information and they also contribute to the organization

policy and objective.

document the involvement and consultation of employees and interested parties.

employees shall be aware who among them in the OH&S representative and also

who is the specified management appointee in the organization.

Documentation

1.Establish and maintain information

•It can be hard copy .

•Electronic media.

2.Information should contain

•Descriptive of the core elements of company’s management.

•Direction to reference documentation.

Document and Data Control

1.Document are to be controlled to ensure that

They can be located.

Periodically reviewed,revised,checked for adequacy and authorized for use.

Current versions are available at the points of use.

Obsolete documents are removed or assured from unintended use.

Archival documents preserved for legal requirements or knowledge prepare are so

identified.

Operational Control

Establish a document procedure to Control the risks in the operation and activities

identified

identify the risks which if not documented, the failure could lead to incidents,

accident or other deviation from OH&S policy and objective.

revive these risk control procedure regularly for their suitability and effectiveness.

stipulate operating criteria in the procedure.

5.procedure should also cover the OH&S risk of

•Goods purchased or used

•Equipment purchased or used

•services purchased or used

communicate these procedure to supplier and contractors.

6.Establish procedure for designing the workplace ,process

installation,machinery,procedure and work instruction in

order to eliminate or reduce OH&S risks at their source.

Operational Control

EMERGENCY PREPARATION AND

RESPONSE

1.Establish plans and or procedure to identify the potential for and responses to

Incidents .

Emergency situation.

Preventing and mitigating the likely illness and injury associated.

2. Review the emergency preparedness and response plan/procedure after the occurrence of

incidents or emergency situation.

3.Test such procedure periodically, where practicable(Mock Drills).

PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND

MONITORING Establish procedure

These measures shall be taken

-both qualitative and quantitative.

-appropriate to organization need .

-to check how far the OH&S objective have been met

data and the results of monitoring and measurements should facilitate further analysis and

subsequent corrective and preventive actions.

If equipment are used for measurement and monitoring such equipment needs to be controlled

and the calibration and maintenance record to be maintained.

ACCIDENTS, INCIDENTS, NON-CONFORMANCES

AND CORRECTIVE AND PREVENTIVE ACTION

The organization shall establish and maintain procedure for defining responsibility and authority for:

1.The handling and investigation of:

- Accidents;

- Incidents ;

- Non-conformances;

2.Taking action to mitigate any consequences arising from

accidents,incidents or non-conformances;

3.The initiation and completion of corrective and preventive

actions.

Audit

The organization shall establish and maintain an audit Programme and procedures for

periodic OH&S management system audits to be carried out, in order to:

determine whether or not the OH&S management system

review the results of previous audits

provide information on the results of audits to maintain

MANAGEMENT REVIEW

Management

review

Checking and corrective

action

External

factorsInternal factors

policy

THANK YOU