oil and gas development in uganda's protected areas
TRANSCRIPT
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UGANDAS PROTECTED
AREAS
PRESENTATION BY LILLIAN NSUBUGA, UGANDA
WILDLIFE AUTHORITTY AT THE ACME TRAINING, 8TH
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Presentation outline
IntroductionAbout the Albertine Rift
Oil activities
IssuesStriking a balance
Way forward
Conclusion
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Introduction
Uganda Wildlife Authority is mandated by law tomanage all the wildlife in Uganda both withinand outside PAs
This year it makes 15 years old having beenestablished in 1996
Uganda has 10 national parks and 12 wildlifereserves
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About the Albertine Rift
Five of Ugandas 10 national parks and 8 of the 12wildlife reserves lie in the Albertine Rift. These
include MFNP, QENP, KNP, SNP, RMNP, while
BINP lies on the periphery (WHSs, MABs, Ramsar
Sites)
The Albertine Rift has the highest biodiversity
concentration in the country
This is also where the oil deposits lie in very large
quantities
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L. Victor ia
L. Edward
L.
Albert
L. Kyoga
BUCHA
EMCHA
ETCHA
KTCHA
KFCHA
LCHA
NCHANTCHA
SCHA
WMCHA
NKCHA
SKCHA
KACHA
SECHA
MKS
JAS
EAS
OFS
KZWS
BKWR
BUWR KWR
KAWR
KIWR
KYWR
MWR
TSWR
AWR
PUWR
BINP
MENP
KINP
KVNP
LMNP
MFNP
MGNP
QENP
SNP
RNP Key
National Park
Wildlife Reserve
Wildlife Sanctuary
Controlled HuntingArea
Forest Reserve
Wetland/RiverineVegetation
Water
0 50 100 150
Scale in Kilometers
Parallel True to Scale: 1
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* 11+
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D.R. CONGO
UGANDA
TANZANIA
ITI-1
RII-1
JOBI-1
NGARA-1
NSOGA-1
AWAKA-1
MPUTA-5
NGIRI-1
NGEGE-1
MPUTA-4MPUTA-3
NZIZI-2NZIZI-1
MPUTA-2
MPUTA-1
NGASSA-2
KARUKA2KARUKA-1
TAITAI 1
NGASSA1 WARAGA-1
WAKIB-1
WAIRINDI-1
KIGOGOLE-3
KASAMENE-1
KINGFISHER-3KINGFISHER-2
KINGFISHER-1
KINGFISHER-1B
TURACO-1,2&3
2
9
7
3
8
5
4
18
11
12
1
6
10
L.Victoria
L.Kyoga
L.Wamala
L.Kachira
L.Nakivali
L.Kinjanebalola
Ogur
Bobi
Kazo
Hima
Nyeu
Awer
MetuMOYO
LIRA
GULU
ARUA
APAC
Ngoma
Kilak
Aduku
Aboke
Nwoya
Cwero
Atiak
Vurra
Omugo
Mpara
Itojo
Bwera
Katwe
Baale
Ntusi
Nsika
Mpalo
Yumbe
Aliba
Rigbo
Agwak
Owafa
RAKAI
NEBBI
MPIGI
HOIMA
Bukuya
Pajule
Palaro
Lokung
Patiko
Matidi
Ullepi
Aringa
Laropi
Ishaka
Ibanda
Buikwe
Kanoni
Lwengo
MuremaRuhama
Rwanga
Mitoma
Mubuku
Kibito
Kijura
Nimule
Pakuba
Bukumi
Bugana
Kikube
Kagadi
Ihungu
Paidha
Offaka
Koboko
Obongi
MUKONO
MASAKA
KITGUM
KIBOGA
KASESE
KABALE
Lwamata
Bukwiri
Kigumba
Wianaka
Paludar
PalabekLadonga Lomunga
Kilembe
Mpondwe
Kisenyi
Ishasha
Kasanda
Butenga
Kabingo
Kakuuto
Kibingo
Rubanda
Kanungu
Ntoroko
Butiaba
Wanseko
Bikonzi
Kibanda
Pakwach
Pakelle
MUBENDE
MITYANA
MBARARA
MASINDI
LUWEERO
KIBAALE
KAMPALA
ENTEBBE
Bwijanga Nakitoma
Kamudini
Minakulu
NakasetaNakawala
Kyegegwa
Rubirizi
Ntenjeru
Nakifuma
Katikamu
Nakaseke
Kiruhura
Bukakata
KalisizoLwamagwa
Mutukula
Adjumani
Panyimur
Biseruka
Kakumiro
NTUNGAMO
BUSHENYI
Katunguru
Rwenshama
Kasangati
Sembabule
Lyantonde
Kichwamba
Rhinocamp
Panyigoro
Kigorobya
RUKUNGIRI
KALANGALA
Kyankwanzi
Namasagali
Nyabirongo
BUNDIBUGYO
Kiryandongo
Mweya Lodge
Nakasongola
Nyarushanje
Paraa Lodge
FORTPORTAL
60000
60000
110000
110000
160000
160000
210000
210000
260000
260000
310000
310000
360000
360000
410000
410000
460000
460000
510000
510000
-100000
-50000
-50000
0 0
50000
50000
100000
100000
150000
150000
2
00000
2
00000
250000
250000
300000
300000
5350000
400000
400000
0 20 40 60 8010Kilometers
Copyright: Petroleum Exploration and Production Department
Arc_1960_UTM_zone_36N Projection:Transverse_MercatorFalse_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000Central_Meridian: 33.000000 Scale_Factor: 0.999600Latitude_Of_Origin: 0.000000 Linear Unit: MeterGCS_Arc_1960 Datum: D_Arc_1960
LegendWells
HydroCarbons
' Oil Well* Gas Well1 Oil and Gas Well0 Oil and Gas Shows+ Gas Shows Oil Shows Dry Well
Towns
STATUS
![ City
[ Major Town
[ Small Town
Major Road
Exploration Area Boundary
Airstrips
Status
q Airport
p Airstrip
International Boundary
Gameparks and Wildlife Reserves
TYPE
NATIONAL PARK
WILDLIFE RESERVE
NATIONAL PARKS AND WILDLIFE RESERVES
IN THE ALBERTINE GRABEN
:
1 AJAI WILDLIFE RESERVE
2 MURCHISION FALLS NATIONAL PARK
3 KARUMA WILDLIFE RESERVE
4 BUGUNGU WILDLIFE RESERVE
5 TOORO-SEMLIKI WILDLIFERESERVE
10 KYAMBURA WILDLIFE RESERVE
6 SEMLIKI NATIONAL PARK
7 RWENZORI NATIONAL PARK
8 KIBAALE FOREST NATIONAL PARK
9 QUEEN ELIZABETH NATIONAL PARK
11 KIGEZI WILDLI FE RESERVE
12 BWINDI I MPENETRABLE NATIONAL PARK
LIST OF GAMEPARKS AND GAME RESERVES
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Conservation significance of AR
The Albertine Rift is home to some very sensitiveecosystems which have highly endangered plant andanimal species
In terms of species diversity, over 50% of birds, 39% ofmammals, 19% of amphibians and 14% of reptiles andplants of mainland Africa occur in this region
It is the number one destination for European migratorybird species
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Large mammal biomass
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Nearly 200 Important Bird Areas in and
bordering the Rift are listed for their
resident bird species
Globally Threatened Birds (c. 80
species)
Restricted-range birds
Biome-restricted congregations
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Oil Activities in the Albertine Rift
Nearly the whole Albertine Rift on the Uganda sideis currently having oil activities
Out of the 44 oil wells so far drilled 31 are locatedwithin wildlife protected areas.
Blocks 2, 3a, 3b, 4 and part of 5 lie within or near
the protected areas
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Activities involved in oil development
Setting up oil pads
Construction of roads to the oil wells
Establishment of accommodation camps
Transportation of materials
Setting up rigs
Actual drilling which generates waste
Restoration of sites after drilling
Oil production and transportation
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Impacts of oil activities
Destruction of habitats as a result of land take andinfrastructure development e.g. the setting up of rigs,
accommodation camps, jetties and access roads
Generation of sewage, waste water, hazardous material andgarbage and their associated pressures on the environment
Impact on air quality- due to vehicles, dust, and other
emissions
Some animals are very sensitive to earth vibrations and
noise which could affect their breeding patterns
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Excess land take during road
construction
Bear area in the wild
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Seismic surveys laying of Geo-phones along cut
lines in MFNP
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Increased human traffic in the park
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Waste in Kabwoya WR
Lined waste pit
Unlined waste pit
Mud cuttings at Ngassa 1
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Flaring
Flaring in the Waraga well
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Visual intrusion and negative impact of
infrastructure on tourism
Oil drilling sites are areas of intensivehuman presence (bee-hive like) with up
to 100 people during operations
Impacts of oil activities on tourism
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The billion dollar question
Oil or Conservation/Tourism?
Or BOTH???
Is it possible to have both?
Before answering the question, what are the
issues?
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Issues
Oil discovery could be the best thing that has
happened to Uganda in a very long time
Kenya is blue with envy
All of a sudden internationally Uganda is being
noticed
The amounts of oil are staggering
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Issues
UNFORTUNATELY:
Most if not all the oil is within our precious
protected areas
What should be done?
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Issues
Either of two things:-
Say NO to oil
OR
Manage the situation the best way we can
Taking into account that:
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Issues
Ugandas major tourism activities are nature-
based
Tourism ranks up there among the high forexearning sectors in Uganda
The number of local and foreign tourists visitingthe national parks has steadily increased over
the years especially after Kony was removed
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Issues
MOREOVER:
Conservation lasts forever while oil getsfinished
Can we strike a balance?
Strive for co-existence? Is it possible?
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Way forward
YES IT IS POSSIBLE.
But only if the following happens:
Putting in place measures to ensure that oil activitiesleave minimal impacts on conservation
Each one effectively playing their role government,
civil society, media, investors, the publicDemonstrating that conservation matters by taking
tours to the national parks
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Blame from all sides
Uganda Wildlife Authority is caught up in the
middle of the oil-conservation debate. We have
been accused of:-
Frustrating oil exploration and production
activities
Betraying conservation goals and standards
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What UWA has done
Working with other government agencies
NEMA, Water, NFA, PEPD, Fisheries and
Wetlands Department to ensure compliance to
the EIA recommendations by the investorsHave designated staff to monitor the oil activities
Building staff capacity to handle oil issues
through training and study visits
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What UWA has done
Developed parameters for research and
monitoring of impacts of oil activities on wildlife
and tourism
Engaged stakeholders on discussion ofapplication of biodiversity offsets
Reviewed the General Management Plans of
some PAs to take into account oil impacts
Developed operational guidelines for oil
companies operating in PAs
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Role of the media
-Be proactive in reporting about oil andwildlife issues
- Seek information as much as possible
- Be objective
- Ask questions, Ask Questions, Ask
Questions
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Conclusion
Proper exploitation and utilization of the petroleum
resource could boost Ugandas economy in a short time.
Tourism is lucrative industry in terms of foreign
exchange earnings and employment creation.
Uganda can benefit from both oil and tourism by
ensuring that they sustainably coexist.
The success so far recorded in the Albertine Graben,
indicates that it could be a world class petroleum
province.
It is therefore our role as Ugandans to ensure that the
two co-exist.
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Thank you for
listening!!