oil&gas thought-leader webinar - new plays for old ideas - dr. sander houben
TRANSCRIPT
EARLY JURASSIC ANOXIAConnected implications for exploration geology and paleoceanography | Dr. Sander Houben
ELSEVIER OIL & GAS THOUGHT LEADER WEBINARTuesday April 11th 2017
INTRODUCTIONDuring the Paleo- and Mesozoic Earth experienced repetitive phases of (global) oxygen deficiency:
Relevance for Earth System SensitivityInsight into (yet unknown) ecological interactionsOrganic-enrichment Source Rock Deposits / Unconventionals
Elsevier Webinar 11 April 2017
Fundamentals
Predictability
Appl
icat
ion
Observations
COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
11 April 2017
CARBON ISOTOPES AS A STRATIGRAPHIC TOOL
If more carbon is stored in one of these reservoirsthe isotopic composition of all other reservoirs changes
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11 April 2017
Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM) Zachos et al. 2005 Science
Cenomanian-Turonian (OAE-2)Tsikos et al. 2004 J. Geol. Soc.
CARBON ISOTOPES AS A STRATIGRAPHIC TOOL
COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
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INORGANIC REDOX GEOCHEMISTRY
COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
Elsevier Webinar 11 April 2017
Prasinophyte algae (Pleurozonaria)
Pollen (Chasmatosporites)
Acritarch
Dinoflagellate cyst (Nannoceratopsis)
Sphaeromorphs/Halosphaeropsis
PALYNOLOGY
COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
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v/d Schootbrugge et al., 2013 Paleontology
pre-OAE
OAE
PALYNOLOGY
COMBINING PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
Elsevier Webinar 11 April 2017
Prasinophyte algae (Pleurozonaria)
Pollen (Chasmatosporites)
Acritarch
Dinoflagellate cyst (Nannoceratopsis)
Sphericals
INDICATORS OF CHEMOCLINE MIGRATION
INDICATORS OF PHOTIC ZONE ANOXIA
COMBINING PALEOCLIMATE AND EXPLORATION TOOLS
PALYNOLOGY
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11 April 2017
CASE-STUDY: TOARCIAN OAE
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From: Petroleum Geological Atlas of the Southern Permian Basin Area. EAGE Publications: 175-193.
TOARCIAN OAE AND THE POSIDONIA SHALE FORMATION
Proven source rock (30-50 m thick) for oil, suggested for gas
Type II Kerogen, TOC up to 14%
Netherlands a mature province
> 5000 boreholes> 500.000 km 2D seismic > 70.000 km2 3D seismic datasets (40% NL)
Underexplored formation in maturebasin ∙ 98 wells~ 30 wells with logs∙ 9 wells with cores, 5 which are usable
MAJOR EXPLORATION CHALLENGES: LOGS VS CORES, CORES, OLD WELLSElsevier Webinar 11 April 2017
Cleveland BasinOutcrop
Offshore Well
Onshore Well
TOARCIAN OAE AND THE POSIDONIA SHALE FORMATION
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CARBON ISOTOPE STRATIGRAPHY
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Offshore NL
Onshore NL
SUMMARY OF PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC RESULTS I.R.T. TOC
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Isotopes reflect carbon cycle perturbation
Climate Change
Intensified hydrological cycle and seasonal runoff
Upward migration Oxygen Minimum Zone
Alters surface water redox conditions and nutrient availability
Increase in diazotroph (anoxygenic) primary productivity and methanogenesis
Major increase in export of H-rich OM and release of methane
(In addition, synchronous onset and diachronous return to pre-OAE situation)
PALEOCEANOGRAPHIC OBSERVATIONS
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EARLY DIAGENETIC CONCRETIONS
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…THROUGH THE EYES OF AN EXPLORATION GEOLOGIST
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Lash and Blood, 2006
CONCLUSIONS
1. Close Link Climate and accumulation of Hydrogen-rich OM
2. Combined workflow provides insight in water-column ecology
3. Primary productivity did not collapse during OAE Role of diazotrophs (biofuel perspective?)
4. CaCO3concretions occur in relation to these microbial communities Rock Properties
5. Trends are recorded synchronously across large distance
6. Hence, the study area was perturbated drastically by run-off driven stratification
Elsevier Webinar 11 April 2017
THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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