okay anatomy anatomy ii: lesson 1 · 2017-11-06 · anatomy ii: lesson 6 components of the pharynx...
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Anatomy II: Lesson 6
COMPONENTS OF THE PHARYNX
OBJECTIVE: STUDENTS WILL INVESTIGATE THE COMPONENTS OF THE
PHARYNX, TONGUE, SALIVARY GLANDS AND TEETH IN ORDER
IDENTIFY THE PHARYNGEAL MUSCLES, CARTILAGES AND DIVISIONS.
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Warm Up:
1. Label the missing Hyoid Apparatus
A =
B =
2. Identify the specie of the Tongue
How do you know?
A
B
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Hyoid Apparatus
Review
Articulations of Hyoid
Typanohyoideum
Canine
Mastoid Process
Ruminants and Equine
Styloid Process
Swine
Nuchal Process
Thyrohyoideum
All Species
Thyroid Cartilage
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Specie Variants
Only in Equine and Ruminants
Processus Lingualis
Projects off Basihyoid
Angulus Styloideum
Off of the Stylohyoid
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Salivary Glands
Review
Parotid Gland
Mandibular Gland
Sublingual Glands
Polystomatic
Monostomatic (x Eq)
Zygomatic Gland
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Muscles of the Tongue
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Mastication Apparatus – 3 Divisions
1. Muscles of Mastication
M. Masseterica
M. Diagastricus
M. Pterygoideus Med & Lat
M. Mylohyoideum
M. Temporalis
2. Temporomandibular Joint
3. Teeth & Gums
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Muscles of Mastication
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Teeth and Variants
Heterodonty Different types of teeth
Incisors
Canines
Premolar
Molar
Diphyodont 1st set, than 2nd Permanent
Deciduous Teeth (First eruption)
Polyphodont Dentation Multiple Succesions
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Structure of Teeth
Crown (corona dentis)
Covered in enamel
Neck (collum dentis)
Where enamel ends
Root (radix dentis)
Below gum, embedded in alveolus
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Structure of Teeth
Three different mineralized tissues
enclose the Dental Cavity which is
filled with Pulp (CT, Nerve, Vessel)
1. Enamel
Brachyodont (Carnivores and Sus)
Hypselodont (Ruminants & Equine)
2. Dentin
3. Cement
Apical Foramen opens on ventral
surface known as Root Canal
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Memorize This!
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Pharynx: Common cavity through which
both air and ingested materials pass
Connects oral cavity
with esophagus
Connects nasal cavity
with Larynx
Three Divisions
1. Nasopharynx
2. Oropharynx
3. Laryngopharynx
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Pharynx Divisions
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SEVEN Openings of the Pharynx
1. Isthmus faucium between the oral cavity and oropharynx
2. Paired choanae between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx (x2)
3. Entrance to Auditory Tubes connecting nasopharynx and the
middle ear (x2)
4. Aditus laryngis entrance into the larynx
5. Aditus oesophageus entrance into the esophagus
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Openings of the Pharynx
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Variations
Shape of epiglottis
Cuneiform Process
location
Thyroid cartilage
notch
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Muscles of the Pharynx
Rostral Constrictor Muscles (longitudinal fibers)
M. Pterygopharyngeus
M. Palatopharyngeus
Medial Constrictor Muscles
M. Hyopharyngeus
Caudal Constrictor Muscles
M. Thyropharyngeus
M . Cricopharyngeus
Dilator Muscles (ONLY ONE!)
Caudal Stylopharyngeus
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Muscles of Pharynx
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Upper Muscles – Dilate the Pharynx by
pulling the hyoid apparatus, tongue and
larynx caudally
M. Mylohyoideus
M. Geniohyoideus
M. Stylohyoideus
M. Occipitohyoideus
M. Ceratohyoideus
M. Transverse Hyoideus (x Car. & Sus)
Lower Muscles
M. Sternohyoideus
M. Sternothyroideus
M. Omohyoideus (x Car.)
Muscles of the Hyoid Apparatus