RECUEIL DU MUSE NATIONAL A BELGRADE

XXI / 1

ARCHOLOGIE

.

Josip A. ARICHIPPED STONE ARTIFACTS FROM THE SITE ZBRADILAKORBOVO

MUSE NATIONAL A BELGRADE

. ,

XXI-1/2013 2959

903.21.01634(497.11)

: 15. 2013.: 19. 2013.

*

: - . II, 93,43% - , I . . , , .

: , , , , ,

, , - a - . - - - , ( 1997: 177187; ari 2003: 1126) . (Kozlowski and Kozlowski 1984: 259293).

, - . -

* : , -, (. 177020), , - .

30 .

. (Biagi and Starnini 2010; idem 2011; Dimitrovska 2012; Gurova 2012). , . , . . (Dimitrovska 2012) (Gurova 2012), - , - - .

, , 1980. 1982. (Babovi 1984b: 97100; idem 1986: 9598).1 1.896 . , 600 m2, - 556 , 1.340 , , - , . 2, - - , , - , .

- , -, , , -. , , (Kozlowski and Kozlowski 1984: 267272; Voytek 1985: 129130). , - . : , , , - ( 1997: 178187; ari 2003: 1126).

I , II III , - (Babovi 1984b: 93).

1 , , - .

31

, - I II, . , IaIb, II III (idem 1986: 98). , I - I - Ia, oja XIIXVII, Ib, IXXI. II I, IIIIV. II , II, - VIXII. III II, , IIIV. I II.

- I II 1.2

Ia Ib II III

0 0 29 0 29 1 18 283 3 305 0 5 71 1 77 0 2 21 0 23 1 3 20 0 24 0 0 53 1 54 0 0 5 0 5 0 0 9 0 9 - 0 0 4 0 4

0 0 1 0 1

0 0 1 0 1 0 0 2 0 2

0 0 1 0 1 2 28 500 5 535

1 I II

Table 1 Quantity of main types of chipped stone artifacts against chronological phases in blocks I and II of the settlement

2 III 1 , -.

32 .

I

, Ia Ib, .

Ia, XIV, - , XIII (T. I/1)3 , . - , - .

Ib 28 ( - 20 ). , , - (T. I/2). 3,0 cm 4,0 cm, 1,1 cm 1,5 cm.

, 2,4 cm 4,7 cm 1,4 cm 2,2 cm. - , (T. I/3) .

20 Ib, 18 . 1,4 cm 4,3 cm, 1,4 cm 4,4 cm. (T. I/4) - 4,1 cm 4,3 cm, 3,3 cm 4,1 cm.

I ( Iab) - .

II II ,

493 , 88,66% . 29 , 354 110 .4

- 4:1, , .

: . 2 II (idem 1984b: 97100) . 1 I ( 1988: 711).

3 .4 . 1, . (

1988: 711). I, F/48, VVI.

33

S/3839 ( - XII XVI) 32 , . 2.5 , (Babovi 1984b: 97100), , - .

12 ( - ) 14 ( - ). . 2 , , . , , - , , .

, , , -. . 2, :

, , , , , ( + ). (T. I/7)

, - .

(T. I/5, 6). ,

5 , . 95, . S/3839 - XIII XVII. 65.11 . 2, XII, - C803, C805, C806, C807, C808 C809. - C761 S/3839, . , , XV C762 ( - ) C760. S/3839, S/38 S/39, , - (C774 C776) (C775) XIII, (C759) XIV, S/39. , . 2.

34 .

. - , .

(T. I/8), - , - .

, , . - (T. I/15). , - , - . 56 , , , - , , . , .

T. I/14 , - , (T. I/1113) . (T. I/11), (T. I/13), - (T. I/12).

- (. I/11, 12).

, - (T. I/9) - , , - ( - T. VII/2).

(T. I/10) -, , - .

2,1 cm 4,7 cm, 1,7 cm 4,0 cm, 2,3 cm 3,7 cm, 1,1 cm 1,5 cm.

35

unretouched flakes unretouched blades retouched flakes retouched blades endscrapers on flakes

1 . 2Graph 1 Finds of chipped stone artifacts from house no. 2

. 2 ( 1) . , - , , , , - .

. 1 ( 1988: 711) ( ) , . . 1, F/4849, V VI , 66 , 13 ( ), , 107 , 21,88% II.

, G/4950, V, VII, VIIa, G/49, VIII, F/50, VI, F/4950, -

0

2

4

6

8

36 .

VII, VIIa VIII. , 4,0 m 4,0 m, - , . 1 - .

. 1, IV, - V, VI, VII VIIa, VIII, - :

, (T. II/1, 2), (T. II/35), (T. II/6, 7), (T. II/8), , .

, . , - , (T. III/1).

283 II - . 1.

H/46, VI, H/47, - VI, . - , .

G/49, VII (T. III/3), F/49, V (T. III/2), - , , .

21 -, 0,7 cm 1,5 cm 0,7 cm 1,9 cm. - , ; F/49, V, .

, T. III/4. , , .

, , 1,0 cm 6,2 cm, 1,0 cm 4,7 cm.

37

II 71 , (T. III/11), 2,2 cm 2,5 cm, 0,6 cm.

, - , . , , , , . - , - , - .

(T. III/5) , (T. III/6) , .

- . (T. III/7, 8) . , - , , - (T. III/9, 10). , -, - .

1,0 cm 6,8 cm, 0,6 cm 2,3 cm.

II 110 .

, -, (T. III/12, 13), (T. III/14). , . (T. III/12) , - .

(T. III/15, 16), -- (T. III/18). , , , -, .

(T. III/17) - .

, , II (T. IV/7, 8), (. IV/7) .

38 .

, , (T. IV/9).

14 , - (T. IV/2), (T. IV/3, 4) - (T. IV/5), (T. VII/10, 11), , .

, , , (T. IV/6) . , - - . , , .

38 . T. IV/10 -

, , , .

(T. IV/11) . - , . -.

(T. V V/12) .

, 14 . (T. V/2, 5, 8, 9, 11), , , (T. V/3, 10, 13).

- . . , -. , , .

, . (T. V/6), 17 .

, (. IV/15; T. V/4), (T. IV/16, 17),

39

(. IV/13, 14, 18, 19; T. V/13), (T. IV/12; T. V/1, 7, 14).

T. IV/16, - , - , , .

II (T. VI/16), , . , , .

(T. VI/4, 6), (. VI/6) , - , .

(T. VI/5) G/46, III, . , , . , .

II . - (T. VI/7) G/50, VI, , -. , , , .

. - (T. VI/8, 9) , - , .

, , T. 6/10 .

II . (T. VII/1) - . , , , .

T. VII/2 ( F/49, VI), - . e , - ( T. I/9). , - , -

40 .

T. VII/3, F/49, VII. (T. VII/4) F/49, o V, - , . - , - , .

(T. VII/5) H/47, VIII, . , , , . - , . , , . , .

- (T. VII/68) . , . T. VIII/1 , .

(T. VII/9) G/48, VII, . , - , , , -.

(T. VII/10) G/48, VIII, - , -, .

- H/46, V (T. VII/11). , , . , - , . - , , , - .

41

(T. VII/12) - .

(T. VII/13) -. , - . - .

1,6 cm 6,4 cm, 1,7 cm 4,5 cm.

, , - , 35 -. 1,8 cm 6,0 cm, 0,9 cm 2,5 cm.

III

, III IIIV II. . , - (T. VII/15) , - . III (T. VII/16).

- - 2 2.

A B C D E F G H I J K L M

III 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0II 29 283 71 21 20 53 5 9 4 1 1 2 1Ib 0 18 5 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Ia 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

2 A ; B ; C ; D ; E ; F ; G ; H ; I e ; J e ; K o e; L

e ; Table 2 A cores; B unretouched flakes; C unretouched blades; D retouched flakes; E

retouched blades; F endscrapers; G sidescrapers; H perforaters; I steep retouched tools; J chisel like tools; K geometric tools; L tools with ancoches; combined tools

42 .

0 200 400 600 III phase III II phase II Ib phase Ib Ia phase Ia

2 Graph 2 Quantity of chipped stone artifacts against the phases in the settlement

- I , . , .

, , - , , , .

1.896 , , . , , , .

- - , ( 1997: 177187)

43

- . - , . (ari 2003: 1126), , , . . , , , .

, . -. , , , - . , , , .

, . - . . , , , , , . - , , , (- 1984, 117120), . - - , , , ( 1987: 2127; 1985: 4357; 1983: 41; Radovanovi et al. 1984: 52; Joanovi 1982: 8).

(. VII/14). , - , . , .

44 .

. - - (ari 2006). - ( 2005: 89113).

, , II , - . , .

, , , -. - . , , , -, .

- , , . 2,0 cm 5,0 cm.

(. II/10) Ia, . (Radovanovi 1992: 288289), - . , - - (ari 2003: 1126).

(Dumitrescu 1980: 21) - . -, - 72 1.896 .

, - , - . , -

45

( 1984: 112114), (Kaczanowska and Kozlowski 1988: 3547), (- 1991: 536), (idem 1992) (Voytek 1990: 437494).

. - Ia, Ib, II III, II IIa (Babovi 1986: 9598) , .

II , 93,43% - ( 1), I . , - , - . - , , . , 44,26%, 17,21%, 16,39%, . - , , .

. I , -, , 45 9 (5:1), I. (5,45%), .

- , II, I, IIb .

(Kaczanowska and Kozlowski 1988), Ia (54,1%), Iab Ib - 72,6%, 70,3%. , 9,4%. , II, I, - .

(Joanovi 1982: 78), , - , .6

6 , , (Radovanovi et al., 1984).

46 .

, A, B C I, IIa IIb, - ( , - ),7 .

-, (- 1991: 6), - - .8 - .

, . - .9 - , - , ( , -), , .

(Voytek 1990: 437494).10 , - , .

, .11

-, . -

7 ari 2003.

8 ari 2003.9 ,

.10 .

, , , .

11 , .

47

( 25%), . - . .

- , - , - ( 1997: 177187).

, , - 22,51%, 12,88%, 0,10%, - . , 80,15% , , (Vasi 1986: 264271), . - .

, , - , ( ) , - , - , 72,91%.

, - ( -, ) - , 69,51%. II -, 71,88%. ( ), 62,42%, 62,60% - II. - , II, II, - .

( ) - ,

48 .

. - , , - , .

, - , - (Kozlowski and Kozlowski 1984: 259293) (Radovanovi 1992: 300), . -, - , - , , , , , .

, , - . - e, - , - .

49

I 1 Ia; 24 Ib; 515 II, 2PLATE I 1 phase Ia; 24 phase Ib; 515 phase II, house 2

3 cm0

50 .

II 18 IIPLATE II 18 phase II

3 cm0

51

III 118 IIPLATE III 118 phase II

3 cm0

52 .

IV 119 IIPLATE IV 119 phase II

3 cm0

53

V 114 IIPLATE V 114 phase II

3 cm0

54 .

VI 110 IIPLATE VI 110 phase II

3 cm0

55

VII 116 IIPLATE VII 116 phase II

3 cm0

56 .

/ REFERENCES:

, . 1984a , :

, . . , : -, 117120.

Babovi, Lj. 1984b Zbradila, Korbovo, Fouilles de 1980, : II, . . ,

: , - , 97100.

Babovi, L. 1986 Zbradila Korbovo, Compte-rendu des fuilles en 1980, :

III, . . , : , , 95115.

, . 1988 ,

() XIII-1: 711.

Biagi, P. and Starnini, E. 2010A source in Bulgaria for Early Neolithic Balkan flint, Antiquity 84, Issue 325,

2010, http://www.antiquity.ac.uk/projgall/biagi325/

Biagi, P. and Starnini, E. 2011First discovery of Balkan Flint sources and workshops along the course of the

Danube river in Bulgaria, u: Panonski prapovijesni osviti, Zbornik radova posveenih Korneliji Minichreiter uz 65. obljetnicu ivota, ur. M. Dizdar, Zagreb: Institut za arheologiju, 6981.

-, . 1991 ,

() XXI: 536.

-, . 1992 , : .

Vasi, R. 1986 Compte-rendu des fouilles du site prehistorique a Velesnica 1981 - 1982, :

III, . . , : , , 264285.

57

Voytek, B. 1985 The Exploitation of Lithic Resources in Neolithic Southeast Europe, Berkeley:

University of California.

Voytek, B. 1990The Use of Stone Resources, in: Selevac, Neolithic Village in Yugoslavia, eds.

R. Tringham and D. Krsti, Los Angeles: The Institute of Archaeology, University of California, 437494.

Gurova, M. 2012Balkan Flint - fiction and/or trajectory to Neolithization: Evidence from Bul-

garia, Be-JA Bulgarian e-Journal of Archaeology 1/2012, http://be-ja.org

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Electronic Journal for the History and Archaeology of the Balkan Peninsula 1/2012, http://haemus.mk/haemus-journal-vol-1-2012/

Dumitrescu, V. 1980 The neolithic Settlement at Rast, BAR International Series 72, Oxford: British

Archaeological Reports.

, . 1985 , : -

II, 6. , , 6-8. 1984, . . , : , , , 4357.

Joanovi, . 1982 Neolitsko naselje Kremenjak kod Potpornja, Vrac: Narodni muzej.

Joanovi, . 1986 Vrac - At, neolitsko naselje, Arheoloki pregled 25: 1314.

Kaczanowska, M. and Kozlowski, J. K. 1988 Gomolava - Chipped Stone Industries of Vina Culture, Prace Archeologiczne 39.

Kozlowski, J. K. and Kozlowski, S. K. 1984 Chipped Stone Industries from Lepenski Vir, Preistoria Alpina 19: 259293.

, . 1984 , : , . . ,

: , 112114.

58 .

Radovanovi, I. 1992 Mezolit erdapa, Doktorska disertacija, Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beo-

gradu.

Radovanovi, I., Kaczanowska, M., Kozlowski, J. K., Pawlikowski, M. and Voytek B. 1984 The Chipped Stone Industry from Vina, Excavations 1929-1934, Beograd: The

University of Belgrade, Faculty of Philosophy, Centre for Archaeological Research.

, . , . 1983 , : .

, . 1987 II,

XXXIV: 2127.

, . 1997 -

, , : . , - , - 1995, . . , : , - , 177187.

ari, J. 2000 Kremena industrija najstarijih zemljoradnikih kultura na tlu Srbije, Doktor-

ska disertacija, Filozofski fakultet, Univerzitet u Beogradu.

ari, J. 2003 Stone as Material for Production of Chipped Artifacts in Early and Middle

Neolithic of Serbia, (..) LII (2002): 1126.

, . 2005 , , -

4: 89113.

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(..) LV (2005): 933.

59

Josip A. ARI Institute of Archaeology, Belgrade

CHIPPED STONE ARTIFACTS FROM THE SITE ZBRADILAKORBOVO

SUMMARY

Site Zbradila in the village of Korbovo is one of the easternmost sites of Vina cul-ture in the territory of Serbia and it points out to potential hitherto unknown primary deposits of the Balkan flint.

The Vina culture settlement at this site is situated on the right Danube bank in the area of the Korbovo village. Systematic excavations had been conducted between 1980 and 1982. On the basis of detailed analysis of dwelling structures and portable archaeological finds in blocks I and II, LJ. Babovi identified three phases denoted as phases Ia-Ib, II and III. Concentration of finds in the area included during excavations in block I reveals that center of settlement was by the waterside, so it means that con-siderable section of the site was irretrievably destroyed in the course of time as a result of river erosion. Total amount of 1896 chipped stone artifacts was discovered at this site. Three investigated blocks covering an area of 600 square meters have yielded total amount of 556 artifacts, while 1340 specimens from the collapsed, low river bank profile are chance finds from the Danube bank.

Disregarding assumed availability and richness of rock deposits used for chipped stone artifacts, the raw material had been used very rationally. Many cores were exploit-ed to such an extent that it became practically impossible to knap anymore either flakes or blades. The flakes and blades for rejuvenation, i.e. changing of core orientation had not been discarded but they were reutilized and shaped into usable tool types after re-touching. Reutilization was confirmed on many typologically defined artifacts, which after breaking and after slight intervention continued to be used as different tools as it is the case with two fragmented cores reshaped into crude endscrapers.

Many working floors for processing hornstone encountered within the settlement are the result of necessity for large quantity of tools but also of length of dwelling at this location. Chipped stone artifacts from this site are generally leaving an impression of good quality manufacture. The retouch is, disregarding the type, mostly of high qual-ity and basic tool types are morphologically clearly distinguished even when the re-touch has irregular facets.

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