olden times, gaea, the titans, cronus pg 1-15 facts …€¦ · olden times, gaea, the titans,...

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Olden times, gaea, the titans, cronus

Pg 1-15

Facts to Know

Gaea Mother Earth, mother of all living things

Uranus Father Sky

Titans & Titanesses first Children of Earth and Uranus; giants

Cyclopes one-eyed children of Earth and Uranus

Tartarus the deepest, darkest pit of the earth

Cronus youngest Titan; overcame Uranus

Rhea wife and sister of Cronus; a Titaness

Zeus youngest child of Cronus; King of gods

Crete island where Zeus was raised

Vocabulary:

1. Magnificent to behold: __________________________________________

2. Warm and bountiful mother: _____________________________________

3. Lord of the universe: ____________________________________________

4. Tremendously strong smiths: _____________________________________

5. Looked at them with disgust: _____________________________________

6. Of hardest flint: ________________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

7. She fashioned a sickle: __________________________________________

8. his monstrous brothers: _________________________________________

9. But Rhea mourned (mourn): ______________________________________

Comprehension Questions:

1. How were the Greek gods similar to mortals in olden times? How were they different?

2. What did Uranus do to upset Mother Earth?

3. Who became first Lord of the Universe and how did he acquire (get) this position?

4. What did Cronus do to all of his children? Why?

5. How did Rhea and Mother Earth fool Cronus?

6. Who was the sixth child of Rhea, hidden in youth?

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 2

Zeus and His Family

Pg 16 – 21

Facts to Know

Amaltheia fairy god, horns flowed with ambrosia and nectar

Aegis breastplate of Zeus

Metis first wife of Zeus; goddess of prudence

Prometheus, Epimeteus Titans who left to join Zeus in revolt

Lightning bolt Zeus’s weapon; symbol of his power

Atlas strongest Titan; carries the sky on his shoulders

Typhoon and Echidna monsters sent by Mother Earth to fight Zeus

Mount Olympus highest mountain in Greece; home of the gods

Iris fleet-footed messenger of gods; traveled on a rainbow

Hestia goddess of the hearth; daughter of Cronus

Vocabulary

1. Tended by gently nymphs: _________________________________________________

2. An impenetrable breastplate: _______________________________________________

3. Goddess of prudence: _____________________________________________________

4. Cunningly tricked him: _____________________________________________________

5. The herb would make him unconquerable: ____________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

6. Frothing waves stood mountain high: _________________________________________

7. Venom dripped from his evil eyes: ___________________________________________

8. Echidna, his hideous mate: _________________________________________________

9. She cowered (cower) in a cave: ______________________________________________

10. A gown of iridescent drops: _________________________________________________

Comprehension Questions:

1. What good advice did Metis give Zeus regarding Cronus?

2. List the allies of Zeus and describe how Metis helped Zeus acquire them.

3. Who were Prometheus and Epimeteus? Why did they join Zeus in the fight with the

Titans?

4. What were the weapons the Cyclopes made for Zues and his brothers?

5. Describe the monsters, Typhon and Echidna.

6. Who built the palace for the gods? Describe it.

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 3

The Twelve Golden Thrones

(pg 22-23)

Facts to know

Hera queen of gods

Ares god of war

Hephaestus god of smiths and fire

Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty

Hermes herald of the gods; god of those living by wits

Demeter goddess of the harvest

Poseidon lord of the sea

Athena goddess of wisdom

Artemis goddess of the hunt

Apollo god of light and music

Dionysus god of wine

Vocabulary

1. The gleaming hall of the palace: _____________________________________________

2. Reigned (reign) over heaven and earth: _______________________________________

3. Herald of the gods: ________________________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

4. Goddess of the hearth:_____________________________________________________

5. The sacred fire in the hall: __________________________________________________

6. Every hearth …was her altar: _______________________________________________

7. Gloomy palace in the underworld: ___________________________________________

8. Divine ichor flowed in their veins:____________________________________________

9. Divine ichor flowed in their veins: ____________________________________________

10. There were violent quarrels:_________________________________________________

Comprehension questions

1. Name the gods and goddesses who sat on the Twelve Golden Thrones.

2. List the five gods on the thrones who were Zeus’ siblings.

3. Who sat on Demeter’s lap?

4. Who was the gentlest of all the Olympians? Explain her seat.

5. Who was the lord of the dead? Where did he reside?

6. Why could the gods and goddesses live forever?

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 4

Hera and hephaestus

(pg 24-29)

Facts to know

Garden of Hesperides Hera’s secret garden in the west

Io Zeus’ bride; he turned her into a white cow

Argus Hera’s watchman with 100 eyes

Peacock reminder of Argus with 100 eyes on her tail

Bosporous cow ford

Egypt country where Io was worshipped as Queen

Hephaestus god of smiths and fire; Aphrodite’s husband

Lemnos island Hephaestus landed on

Thetis sea-goddess; nursed Hephaestus to health

Cyclopes metal smiths; Hephaestus’ helpers

Vocabulary

1. Golden apples of immortality: ______________________________________________

2. Pursued by the gadfly: ____________________________________________________

3. Escape from its tormenting sting: ____________________________________________

4. Jumped across the strait:__________________________________________________

5. The cow ford: ___________________________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

6. Had not at all been in vain: ________________________________________________

7. God of smiths and fire:____________________________________________________

8. Forges inside volcanoes: ___________________________________________________

9. They worked his bellows:___________________________________________________

10. The din of the hammers: ___________________________________________________


1. Describe Hera.

2. What gift did Mother Earth give Hera as a wedding gift? Where did she keep the gift?

3. Describe Argus.

4. What did Hermes do to rescue Io?

5. Why is the strait between Asia Minor and Europe called the “cow ford”?

6. Describe Hephaestus. Why did he walk like a “flickering flame”?

7. Describe Hephaestus’ work.

8. Describe Hephaestus’ workshop and its location. How can one tell if he is working?

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 5

Aphrodite, ares & athena

(pg 30-37)

Facts to know

Aphrodite goddess of love and beauty

Cythera flowering island home of Aphrodite

Three Graces goddesses of beauty; attendants of Aphrodite

Eros Aphrodite’s son, also known as Cupid

Ares god of war

Golden Apple of Discord caused war when thrown by Eris

Athena goddess of wisdom, defensive war, arts and crafts

Metis mother of Athena; goddess of prudence

Nike spirit of victory

Arachne turned into a spider for boasting and irreverence

Athens Athena’s favorite city, famous for arts and crafts

Vocabulary

1. Bedecked (bedeck) her with sparking jewels:___________________________________

2. The most lavish jewels: ____________________________________________________

3. Wove magic into the filigree work:____________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

4. Eris was sinister and mean:_________________________________________________

5. Pain, panic, famine, and oblivion:_____________________________________________

6. Pain, panic, famine, and oblivion:_____________________________________________

7. She loathed (loathe) his vain strutting:________________________________________

8. Wonderfully skilled at the loom:_____________________________________________

9. An irreverent scene making fun of Zeus:_______________________________________

10. Vainglorious girl: _________________________________________________________


1. Since Aphrodite had no mother or father, how did she come to be?

2. Why was Zeus eager to find Aphrodite a husband? Whom did he choose and why?

3. What happened to a person stung by Cupid’s arrows?

4. How did Athena come to be?

5. Contrast Ares and Athena.

6. What four things always follow war?

7. Why was Arachne turned into a spider?

8. Detail the gifts Athena and Poseidon gave to Athens; explain why Athena’s was selected.

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 10

Prometheus (minor god)

(pg 70-73)

Facts to know

Three Fates goddesses of destiny; decide how long mortals should live

Clotho, Lachesis, Atropos name of each of the Three Fates

Nemesis saw to it that evil and good were repaid

Prometheus man’s creator and best friend

Epimetheus creator of animals; Prometheus’ brother

Caucasus Mountains where Prometheus was eternally punished

Vocabulary

1. Repopulating (repopulate) the earth: ___________________________________

2. Gifts to bestow: ________________________________________________________

3. Lavished (lavish) the good gifts:____________________________________________

4. A hollow stalk of fennel:____________________________________________________

5. He was appeased (appease):________________________________________________

6. Food of ambrosia and nectar:_______________________________________________

7. Food of ambrosia and nectar:_______________________________)_______________

8. Hidden under sinews and bones:_____________________________________________

9. He resolved (resolve) to punish:_____________________________________________

10. More subtle way to punish: ________________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______


1. What was the job of each of the Three Fates?

2. What good gifts did animals get when Epimetheus modeled them?

3. What did Prometheus do for men to compensate for their lack of gifts?

4. What happened to men after they received Prometheus’ gift?

5. How did Prometheus offend Zeus?

6. What was Prometheus’ punishment?

7. How did Zeus punish the mortals?

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 11

Pandora, deucalion

(pg 74-79)

Facts to know

Pandora curiosity led her to release miseries from her jar

Deucalion Prometheus’ son, father of a new race of men

Pyrrha Deucalion’s virtuous wife

Deucalion’s Race a stronger race of mortals; better able endure miseries

Aeolus keeper of winds; Deaucalion’s grandson

Boreas the North Wind; icy and wild

Notus the South Wind; foggy and heavy

Zephyr the West Wine; gentle and pleasant

Eurus the East Wind; least important

Vocabulary

1. Insatiable curiosity :___________________________________

2. Awestruck by her wondrous beauty: __________________________________________

3. A horde of miseries:____________________________________________

4. the unleashed (unleash) miseries:___________________________________________

5. to build an ark:_____________________________________________

6. his virtuous wife:_____________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

7. lonesome and forlorn:________________________________________

8. lit it again with the embers:_____________________________________________

9. touched by their piety:_______________________________________

10. plague mankind: ________________________________________________


1. What gifts did Zeus give Pandora?

2. What escaped from Pandora’s box when she opened it? What was saved?

3. What problems did Pandora’s box create? How did Zeus resolve this?

4. How were Deucalion and Pyrrha able to escape the flood?

5. Zeus asked Deucalion to throw “bones of your mother.” What did he mean?

6. What was the new race of mortals called? How was this race better than the previous

one?

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

Lesson 21

Theseus

(pg 148-157)

Facts to know

King Minos King of Crete; son of Zeus and Europa

Theseus young hero from Troezan; defeated he Cretan Minotaur

Pasiphae Queen of Crete; daughter of Helios

Minotaur creature that is half man, half bull

Aegeus King of Athens; father of Theseus

Daedalus famous architect; built palace of Cnossus

Ariadne King Minos’ daughter; wife of Dionysus

Icarus son of Daedalus

Pirithous Theseus’ best friend; King of the Lapith people

Vocabulary

1. Surrounded by his domain :___________________________________

2. A labyrinth under the palace: ______________________________________

3. Proclaimed Theseus:____________________________________________

4. They hoisted their sail:___________________________________________

5. Scalded him to death:_____________________________________________

6. His inseparable friend:_____________________________________________

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

7. They became boisterous and rowdy:________________________________________

8. He became a widower:_____________________________________________

9. Tried vainly to get up:_______________________________________________

10. Shown too great irreverence: ______________________________________________


11. Describe the Palace of Cnossus.

12. Describe the Cretan Minotaur.

13. Why was Athens forced to send seven maidens and seven youths to Crete every

year?

14. How did Theseus kill the Minotaur? Who helped him?

15. What tragic mistake did Theseus make upon his return to Athens?

16. Why was Daedalus in prison and how did he escape? What happened to Icarus?

17. How was Theseus remembered by history?

18. Describe Pirithous’ friendship with Theseus.

Name: ________________________ Date: _________ Block: _______

19. According to the myth, why do Athenians have lean legs?

olden times, gaea, the titans, cronus pg 1-15 facts …€¦ · olden times, gaea, the titans,...

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