oleoresin capsicum certification

51
OLEORESIN OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION MARION COUNTY SUPERIOR MARION COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT PROBATION COURT PROBATION DEPARTMENT DEPARTMENT Joseph Hodson-Field Services Joseph Hodson-Field Services Coordinator Coordinator

Upload: lester

Post on 07-Feb-2016

33 views

Category:

Documents


0 download

DESCRIPTION

OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION. MARION COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT PROBATION DEPARTMENT Joseph Hodson-Field Services Coordinator. Objectives. Understand what OC spray is. Understand strengths and limitations for OC spray. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OLEORESINOLEORESIN CAPSICUMCAPSICUM

CERTIFICATION CERTIFICATION

MARION COUNTY SUPERIOR MARION COUNTY SUPERIOR COURT PROBATION COURT PROBATION

DEPARTMENTDEPARTMENT Joseph Hodson-Field Services CoordinatorJoseph Hodson-Field Services Coordinator

Page 2: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

ObjectivesObjectives

• Understand what OC spray is.Understand what OC spray is.• Understand strengths and limitations Understand strengths and limitations

for OC spray.for OC spray.• Have a basic working knowledge of Have a basic working knowledge of

the legal, tactical and medical issues the legal, tactical and medical issues regarding OC spray.regarding OC spray.

• Have the experience of exposure to Have the experience of exposure to OC sprayOC spray

Page 3: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

What is OC?What is OC?

• Oleoresin Capsicum comes from the Oleoresin Capsicum comes from the latin term for “Oily resin” of a latin term for “Oily resin” of a “pepper”. “pepper”.

• It is a NATURAL EXTRACT of Cayenne It is a NATURAL EXTRACT of Cayenne and other edible peppers. and other edible peppers.

• All ingredients are certified food All ingredients are certified food grade by the FDAgrade by the FDA

Page 4: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC Is All NaturalOC Is All Natural

It is important to note that OC is a It is important to note that OC is a natural food derivative.natural food derivative.

CN (teargas) is a synthetic chemical CN (teargas) is a synthetic chemical lacrimator. lacrimator.

CS (mace) is a synthetic chemical CS (mace) is a synthetic chemical irritant. irritant.

Page 5: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Why Is This Important?Why Is This Important?

OC is far less likely to cause an OC is far less likely to cause an allergic reaction. Very few people allergic reaction. Very few people are allergic to peppers.are allergic to peppers.

Higher probability of asthmatic Higher probability of asthmatic reactions to teargas (CN) and mace reactions to teargas (CN) and mace (CS)(CS)

Page 6: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Other Differences between OC, Other Differences between OC, CN and CSCN and CS

OC is an “Oily Resin”-Can be washed OC is an “Oily Resin”-Can be washed off with soap and water. off with soap and water.

CN and CS are both microparticulate CN and CS are both microparticulate solids.-will “blow off” with fresh air. solids.-will “blow off” with fresh air.

Page 7: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Other Differences between OC, Other Differences between OC, CN and CSCN and CS

OC works almost immediately once it OC works almost immediately once it gets in the eyes.gets in the eyes.

CN works in 2-5 seconds (usually CN works in 2-5 seconds (usually towards 5 seconds)towards 5 seconds)

CS working in 20-60 seconds (this is CS working in 20-60 seconds (this is a long time in a life or death a long time in a life or death situation!)situation!)

Page 8: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

What is an SHU?What is an SHU?

OC strength is measured in SHU’s- OC strength is measured in SHU’s- Scofield Heat Unit’s. Scofield Heat Unit’s.

A Jalapeno pepper measures about A Jalapeno pepper measures about 5000 SHU’s.5000 SHU’s.

Habanero and Scotch Bonnet Habanero and Scotch Bonnet measure about 200,000 SHU’s. measure about 200,000 SHU’s.

Naga Jolokia measures 855,000 to 1 Naga Jolokia measures 855,000 to 1 Million SHU’s!Million SHU’s!

Page 9: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

SHU’sSHU’s Continued….Continued….

First Defense MK-3 Spray=500,000 First Defense MK-3 Spray=500,000 SHU’s. SHU’s.

This is as strong as 100 Jalapeno This is as strong as 100 Jalapeno peppers!peppers!

Some OC’s that use strong solvent Some OC’s that use strong solvent carriers measure over 5,000,000 carriers measure over 5,000,000 SHU’s!SHU’s!

Page 10: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Other Factors in HeatOther Factors in Heat

The “hottness” of the spray is not The “hottness” of the spray is not just a result of the peppers.just a result of the peppers.

It is also a function of the carrier It is also a function of the carrier fluid.fluid.

Water, alcohol, other solvents. Water, alcohol, other solvents.

Page 11: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Types of Types of CarriersCarriers

Water-relies totally on the Water-relies totally on the concentration of pepper in the spray concentration of pepper in the spray and the speed and volume of and the speed and volume of delivery to achieve “hotness”. delivery to achieve “hotness”.

Alcohol-breaks up the oil on the skin Alcohol-breaks up the oil on the skin and carries the OC deep into the and carries the OC deep into the pores, resulting in a “hotter” spray. pores, resulting in a “hotter” spray.

Page 12: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

CarriersCarriers

Other, more powerful chemical Other, more powerful chemical solvents are sometimes used.solvents are sometimes used.

The advantage is that they penetrate The advantage is that they penetrate the skin very quickly and may carry the skin very quickly and may carry the OC through the epidermis, so the OC through the epidermis, so they are considered “very hot”. they are considered “very hot”.

There are concerns about toxicity There are concerns about toxicity and chemical irritation (chemical and chemical irritation (chemical burns). burns).

Page 13: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Carriers-What do we use?Carriers-What do we use?

First Defense MK-3 is a mixture of First Defense MK-3 is a mixture of water and alcohol. water and alcohol.

Page 14: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

SHU’s and Recovery TimeSHU’s and Recovery Time

Generally speaking, below 2 Million Generally speaking, below 2 Million SHU’s, the effect is about the same, SHU’s, the effect is about the same, except for recovery time. except for recovery time.

At around 5 millions SHU’s, both At around 5 millions SHU’s, both effect and recover time are greatly effect and recover time are greatly increased. increased.

Page 15: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

DeliveryDelivery

Cone Sprays (also foggers)Cone Sprays (also foggers) Stream SpraysStream Sprays FoamFoam GelGel

Page 16: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

DeliveryDelivery

Each system has advantages and Each system has advantages and disadvantagesdisadvantages

With cone and stream sprays, you With cone and stream sprays, you are likely to deal with splashback and are likely to deal with splashback and overspray.overspray.

With foam and gel, you are more With foam and gel, you are more likely to deal with deliberate likely to deal with deliberate contamination. contamination.

Page 17: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Cone SpraysCone Sprays

Great for respiratory effect and Great for respiratory effect and getting behind eyewear.getting behind eyewear.

Limited rangeLimited range Problematic when you are downwind Problematic when you are downwind

of subject.of subject. Tend to contaminate large areas.Tend to contaminate large areas.

Page 18: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

FoggersFoggers

Essentially high volume cone sprays Essentially high volume cone sprays for use in corrections.for use in corrections.

They are not applicable in civilian They are not applicable in civilian crowd because unlike tear gas, the crowd because unlike tear gas, the incapacitate rather than disperse. incapacitate rather than disperse. You will just create a whole bunch of You will just create a whole bunch of people that need medical attention. people that need medical attention.

Page 19: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Stream SpraysStream Sprays

This is what the Probation This is what the Probation Department uses.Department uses.

Works much like a squirt gun. Works much like a squirt gun. Wind does not effect it as much. Wind does not effect it as much. 6-8 foot range6-8 foot range Not great for immediate respiratory Not great for immediate respiratory

effect. effect.

Page 20: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

FoamFoam

Much lower risk for spashback, Much lower risk for spashback, overspray and area contamination.overspray and area contamination.

Good for hospitals, malls, etc..Good for hospitals, malls, etc.. Easier to aim. Easier to aim. Longer onset time.Longer onset time. Can be thrown back at you!Can be thrown back at you!

Page 21: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

GelGel

Most recent development.Most recent development. Has the benefits of the foam spray Has the benefits of the foam spray

but it is harder to throw back at but it is harder to throw back at officer. officer.

It still has a longer onset time.It still has a longer onset time. If subject has eyes closed, gel will If subject has eyes closed, gel will

not “roll” down forehead into eyes. not “roll” down forehead into eyes.

Page 22: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Storage/Shelf LifeStorage/Shelf Life

Store below 120 degrees Fahrenheit, Store below 120 degrees Fahrenheit, and out of direct sunlight. and out of direct sunlight.

The active chemical does not The active chemical does not decompose with time.decompose with time.

The loss of the propellant is the The loss of the propellant is the concern, it should be checked every concern, it should be checked every 6 month. 6 month.

Page 23: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC EffectsOC Effects

Immediate inflammation of the blood Immediate inflammation of the blood vessels, mucous membrane.vessels, mucous membrane.

Involuntary coughing, gasping for breath, Involuntary coughing, gasping for breath, occasionally gaggingoccasionally gagging

An intense burning sensation, like the skin An intense burning sensation, like the skin and eyes are on fire.and eyes are on fire.

The eyes slam shut involuntarily, eyes The eyes slam shut involuntarily, eyes become red.become red.

Mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, Mucous membranes of the nose, mouth, lip may swell. lip may swell.

Page 24: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC EffectsOC Effects

Some OC Sprays using solvent Some OC Sprays using solvent carriers may cause the skin to peel, carriers may cause the skin to peel, resembling a sunburn the next day. resembling a sunburn the next day. This is a result of the extreme drying This is a result of the extreme drying of the skin. of the skin.

Page 25: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC ReactionsOC Reactions

Grabbing at the face.Grabbing at the face. Bending at the waist with hands on Bending at the waist with hands on

knee.knee. Shouting, panicking, reports inability Shouting, panicking, reports inability

to breath.to breath. Shakes violently.Shakes violently. Usually will not fall down to the Usually will not fall down to the

ground. ground.

Page 26: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Dog ReactionsDog Reactions

Similar effect to humansSimilar effect to humans Often extremely effective.Often extremely effective. Although not as reliable, especially Although not as reliable, especially

with trained attack dogs or if a dog with trained attack dogs or if a dog has already engaged in a bite. has already engaged in a bite.

Page 27: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC Recovery TimeOC Recovery Time

Water/Alcohol based OC-major Water/Alcohol based OC-major symptoms wear off in 20 minutes or symptoms wear off in 20 minutes or so. so.

Full recovery in 60-90 minutes.Full recovery in 60-90 minutes. Solvent based-major symptoms wear Solvent based-major symptoms wear

off in 60-90 minutes.off in 60-90 minutes. Full recovery in 2-4 hours. Full recovery in 2-4 hours.

Page 28: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Possibility of FailurePossibility of Failure

It is important to keep in mind that, It is important to keep in mind that, before the taser, OC was the most before the taser, OC was the most effective non-injuring control effective non-injuring control technology that actually works most technology that actually works most of the time. of the time.

However……However……

Page 29: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC FailuresOC Failures

Nothing always works every time on Nothing always works every time on every person.every person.

There are several different variables There are several different variables to consider. to consider.

Page 30: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

VariablesVariables

State of mind---- Combat experience, State of mind---- Combat experience, mindset, sanity, rage, suicide, mindset, sanity, rage, suicide, intellectual impairment, fear…intellectual impairment, fear…

Chemical Condition----Drugs, alcohol, Chemical Condition----Drugs, alcohol, mixes.mixes.

Any combination of the above. Any combination of the above.

Page 31: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

VariablesVariables

It may take longer to work on some It may take longer to work on some subjects than others.subjects than others.

What would you do if you needed to What would you do if you needed to use it and it didn’t work? Have a use it and it didn’t work? Have a plan B!plan B!

Page 32: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC Exposure TreatmentOC Exposure Treatment

Cool water---applied to the face and Cool water---applied to the face and the eyes.the eyes.

Soap or shampoo to remove the oil Soap or shampoo to remove the oil from the skin. Baby shampoo works from the skin. Baby shampoo works great!great!

Fresh air.Fresh air. Have EMS remove contacts of Have EMS remove contacts of

necessary and possible. necessary and possible.

Page 33: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC Exposure TreatmentOC Exposure Treatment

Do not use oils, salves or creams.Do not use oils, salves or creams. Do not rub the face or the eyes. Do not rub the face or the eyes. It just takes time…..It just takes time…..

Page 34: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Preparation to use OCPreparation to use OC

First of all, make sure your OC is readily First of all, make sure your OC is readily accessible. accessible.

Where is it on you? In your vest, jacket Where is it on you? In your vest, jacket pocket, holder on your belt? Is your shirt pocket, holder on your belt? Is your shirt tucked in? Are you wearing a bulky sweater? tucked in? Are you wearing a bulky sweater?

You should be able to have it out and ready to You should be able to have it out and ready to use in no more than 3 seconds at all times!use in no more than 3 seconds at all times!

This is something you can practice but it is This is something you can practice but it is always something you should think about. always something you should think about.

Page 35: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Contact and CoverContact and Cover

Your partner can be great cover Your partner can be great cover while you are conducting an while you are conducting an interview in the field. interview in the field.

Communicate with each other. Communicate with each other. There is nothing wrong with having There is nothing wrong with having

the OC spray readily accessible if you the OC spray readily accessible if you wish. wish.

Page 36: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

When to use OC SprayWhen to use OC Spray

Per Department policy-Per Department policy-It is the departments position that the Probation OfficerIt is the departments position that the Probation Officeralways attempt to remove him/herself from situations thatalways attempt to remove him/herself from situations thatexhibit signs of possible escalation. The Department willexhibit signs of possible escalation. The Department willprovide each Officer with a chemical agent as a defenseprovide each Officer with a chemical agent as a defensetool if the officer is confronted with a threatening situation. tool if the officer is confronted with a threatening situation. The Probation Officer must carry the chemical agent withThe Probation Officer must carry the chemical agent withthem at all times when in the field. If the Probation Officerthem at all times when in the field. If the Probation Officeris forced to use the chemical agent, the followingis forced to use the chemical agent, the followingprocedures must be met. procedures must be met.

Page 37: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Departments Procedures for Departments Procedures for OC UseOC Use

1. Immediately upon leaving the scene to 1. Immediately upon leaving the scene to ensure their safety, the probation officer ensure their safety, the probation officer must return to the scene when the police must return to the scene when the police arrive to answer any questions and to assist arrive to answer any questions and to assist local law enforcement in rendering first aid local law enforcement in rendering first aid to the probationer if needed.to the probationer if needed.

2. The Probation Officer must submit a “Use 2. The Probation Officer must submit a “Use of Chemical Agent Report” to the Chief of Chemical Agent Report” to the Chief Probation Officer within 24 hours of the Probation Officer within 24 hours of the incident. incident.

Page 38: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Signs of Impending AggressionSigns of Impending Aggression

Balls fists, drops center, blades off, rocks on feet.Balls fists, drops center, blades off, rocks on feet. Face goes from white to red.Face goes from white to red. Breaks of eye contact—1000 yard stare or target Breaks of eye contact—1000 yard stare or target

glance.glance. Bares teeth, breathing shallow.Bares teeth, breathing shallow. Verbal challenge.Verbal challenge. Verbalization stops.Verbalization stops. Even if you just have an “uneasy feeling”. Even if you just have an “uneasy feeling”. THESE ARE ALL SIGNS THAT YOU SHOULD LEAVE THESE ARE ALL SIGNS THAT YOU SHOULD LEAVE

THE SCENE ASAP!THE SCENE ASAP!

Page 39: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

How to Use OCHow to Use OC

Shake the canisterShake the canister Shout clear verbal commandsShout clear verbal commands Spray from the interview stance, Spray from the interview stance,

canister back towards your body and canister back towards your body and a reactionary hand in front of you to a reactionary hand in front of you to deflect any aggressive action. Do not deflect any aggressive action. Do not hold OC out in front of you like you hold OC out in front of you like you would a gun!would a gun!

Short bursts-one second or less!Short bursts-one second or less!

Page 40: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

How to Use OCHow to Use OC

Try to be 3 feet or more away.Try to be 3 feet or more away. If you are 3 or more feet away, aim If you are 3 or more feet away, aim

directly at the eyes. directly at the eyes. Is there any situation where we Is there any situation where we

would not want to aim at the eyes? would not want to aim at the eyes? When? When?

Page 41: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

How to Use OCHow to Use OC

The purpose we are using the OC for The purpose we are using the OC for is NOT TO MAKE AN ARREST, We are is NOT TO MAKE AN ARREST, We are buying time to GET OUT OF DANGER.buying time to GET OUT OF DANGER.

Do not wait to see if it works. Get Do not wait to see if it works. Get out of harms ways as quickly as out of harms ways as quickly as possible. possible.

Page 42: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

How to use OCHow to use OC

There is always the chance of over There is always the chance of over spray. spray.

Try to have an idea of where your Try to have an idea of where your partner is. partner is.

Yell “spray” so your partner knows to Yell “spray” so your partner knows to get out of the way if necessary. get out of the way if necessary.

Page 43: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OversprayOverspray

If you do get sprayed by your If you do get sprayed by your partner, it will hurt like crazy.partner, it will hurt like crazy.

Do not let this deter you from leaving Do not let this deter you from leaving the scene quickly. the scene quickly.

You can pry your eyes open to see You can pry your eyes open to see where you are going if necessary. where you are going if necessary.

Page 44: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

After OC UseAfter OC Use

Get to a safe place and call Law Get to a safe place and call Law Enforcement immediately. Enforcement immediately.

Call your supervisor immediately. Call your supervisor immediately. Return to scene when law Return to scene when law

enforcement arrives to assist with enforcement arrives to assist with investigation. investigation.

Page 45: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC injuriesOC injuries

OC injuries are so rare it is almost OC injuries are so rare it is almost impossible to document.impossible to document.

There have been very few lawsuits There have been very few lawsuits regarding OC use. regarding OC use.

Most injuries are mechanical: Most injuries are mechanical: Running, falling, etc… Running, falling, etc…

Page 46: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

OC related deathsOC related deaths

There have been very few deaths There have been very few deaths related to OC.related to OC.

These appear to be “In Custody These appear to be “In Custody Death Syndrome”. Death Syndrome”.

Page 47: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

In Custody Death SyndromeIn Custody Death Syndrome

Excited deliriumExcited delirium Violent struggleViolent struggle Drug UseDrug Use Medical issuesMedical issues

Respiratory: Asthma, EmphysemaRespiratory: Asthma, Emphysema

Cardiopulmonary problemsCardiopulmonary problems

ObesityObesity

Page 48: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Who is at risk?Who is at risk?

99% are male.99% are male. 35-44 year olds are generally 35-44 year olds are generally

involved.involved. Usually involves a struggle.Usually involves a struggle. Death usually follows bizarre behavior Death usually follows bizarre behavior

episode and/or the use of illegal drugs. episode and/or the use of illegal drugs. Geography is not a factor. Geography is not a factor.

Page 49: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Positional AsphyxiaPositional Asphyxia

Term used to describe the placement of Term used to describe the placement of a body in a position that interferes with a body in a position that interferes with the ability to breath. the ability to breath.

Can occur:Can occur:When the subject’s chest is restricted When the subject’s chest is restricted

fromfromexpanding properlyexpanding properlyWhen the position of the subject’s headWhen the position of the subject’s headobstructs the airway. obstructs the airway.

Page 50: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Contributing FactorsContributing Factors

Alcohol IntoxicationAlcohol Intoxication Drugs (Especially Cocaine)Drugs (Especially Cocaine) Physical Ailments (Obesity)Physical Ailments (Obesity) Delirium: Bizarre or Frenzied BehaviorDelirium: Bizarre or Frenzied Behavior Respiratory Diseases (asthma, Respiratory Diseases (asthma,

emphysema)emphysema) Cardiac Diseases (enlarged heart, etc.)Cardiac Diseases (enlarged heart, etc.)

Page 51: OLEORESIN CAPSICUM CERTIFICATION

Questions?Questions?