Paul VossenUniversity of California University of California

Cooperative ExtensionCooperative Extension133 Aviation Blvd.

Santa Rosa, CA 95403(707) 565-2621

pmvossen@ucdavis.edu

http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu

Photo by : Alexandra Kicenik Devarenne

Olive Variety PronunciationOlive Variety Pronunciation• Arbequina – ARAR--BAYBAY--KEYKEY--NANA• Leccino – LAYLAY--CHEECHEE--NONO• Hojiblanca – OHOH--HEEHEE--BLONBLON--KAKA• Manzanillo – MONMON--ZONZON--EEEE--YOYO• Sevillano – SAYSAY--VEEVEE--YANYAN--OHOH• Kalamon – KALKAL--AA--MONMON• Picholine – PEEPEE--SHOSHO--LEENLEEN• Frantoio –– FRAHNFRAHN--TOYTOY--YOYO

UC Research Taste PanelUC Research Taste Panel•• 15 point profile sheet15 point profile sheet•• Cooperation with Cooperation with

international panelsinternational panels•• Intensity of aroma, Intensity of aroma,

bitterness, pungency, bitterness, pungency, fruit intensity, sweetness, fruit intensity, sweetness, total flavor, astringency, total flavor, astringency, defects, complexity, balance, finish, overall quality, defects, complexity, balance, finish, overall quality, and positive flavor descriptors and positive flavor descriptors

Grass, herb, mint, artichoke, buttery, floral, apple, citrus, tropical, green tea, tomato, banana, berry, etc .

UC Davis Centennial Blend Tasted 1-8-09

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Astringency Average

Sweetness Average

Pungency Average

Bitterness Average

Fruit Intensity Average

Total Flavor Intensity Average

Aroma Intensity Average

Complexity Average

Balance Average

Overall Quality Average

Intensity

0

0.5

1

1.5

2

2.5

3

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Ripe Olive

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Specific Flavor Characteristics

Olive Oil Flavor Characteristics UC Davis Centennial Blend Tasted 1-8-09

Ripe FruitGreen Fruit

Tasting the 1Tasting the 1stst oil (oil (JAXJAX))

PicualPicual•• PrecociousPrecocious•• High yieldHigh yield•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• High in oleic acidHigh in oleic acid•• High polyphenols High polyphenols

(600 ppm)(600 ppm)

Picual in Chile Picual in Chile 6th year6th year

Taste 2Taste 2ndnd Oil (U7J)Oil (U7J)

HojiblancaHojiblanca

•• High yieldHigh yield•• Alternate bearingAlternate bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Late maturityLate maturity•• Med oil contentMed oil content•• Polyphenols Polyphenols -- 250250

Hojiblanca in PortugalHojiblanca in Portugal

55thth yearyear

Tasting 3rd Oil (LYA)

AscolanaAscolana•• Early RipeningEarly Ripening•• Medium yieldMedium yield•• Alternate bearingAlternate bearing•• Very large fruitVery large fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Less foliar diseaseLess foliar disease•• Low oil contentLow oil content•• Very Cold hardy Very Cold hardy

Tasting the 4Tasting the 4thth Oil (CCS) Oil (CCS)

•• High yield w/waterHigh yield w/water•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Late ripeningLate ripening•• Medium oil contentMedium oil content•• Resistant to leaf spot Resistant to leaf spot •• Moderate cold hardyModerate cold hardy•• Difficult extractionDifficult extraction•• Table olive primarilyTable olive primarily

PicholinePicholine

•• SeedlingSeedling•• NotNot PicholinePicholine•• Very small fruitVery small fruit•• Early ripeningEarly ripening•• Medium oil contentMedium oil content•• Resistant to leaf spot Resistant to leaf spot •• Cold hardyCold hardy•• Difficult harvestDifficult harvest

Redding Redding PicholinePicholine

•• NotNot PicholinePicholine•• Houzia Houzia -- MenaraMenara•• Early ripeningEarly ripening•• Medium oil contentMedium oil content•• Resistant to leaf spot Resistant to leaf spot •• Cold hardyCold hardy•• Difficult harvestDifficult harvest

Picholine Picholine MarroquiMarroqui

Tasting 5th Oil (5TY)

BarneaBarnea•• PrecociousPrecocious•• High yield High yield •• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Small fruitSmall fruit•• Low oleic levelLow oleic level•• Medium oil contentMedium oil content•• Resistant to leaf Resistant to leaf

spotspot•• Requires irrigationRequires irrigation

Barnea in ArgentinaBarnea in Argentina

8th year8th year

Tasting 6th Oil (ZK3)

CoratinaCoratina•• PrecociousPrecocious•• High yieldHigh yield•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Resists foliar diseaseResists foliar disease•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• High in oleic acidHigh in oleic acid•• High polyphenols (600 High polyphenols (600

ppm)ppm)

Coratina in Italy

Coratina in ArgentinaCoratina in Argentina

33rdrd yearyear

““BestBest”” Two Olive Varieties Two Olive Varieties in the Worldin the World

•• PicualPicual –– 75% of Spanish Production75% of Spanish Production•• CoratinaCoratina –– 50% of Italian Production50% of Italian Production

PicualPicualCoratinaCoratina

Some of the Most Interesting Oil Varieties

Arbequina, Ascolano, Arbequina, Ascolano, BarneaBarnea, , BosanaBosana, , Frantoio, Koroneiki, Frantoio, Koroneiki, PicualPicual, , PicudoPicudo, , Arbosana, Arbosana, CornicabraCornicabra, Coratina, , Coratina, HojiblancaHojiblanca, , KalamonKalamon, Leccino, , Leccino, MoraioloMoraiolo, Nocelara del , Nocelara del Belice, Belice, PicholinePicholine, Taggiasca, , Taggiasca,

PicudoPicudo•• High yieldHigh yield•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Less foliar diseaseLess foliar disease•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• Low oleic levelsLow oleic levels•• Med polyphenolsMed polyphenols

Nocellara Nocellara del Belicedel Belice

•• High yieldHigh yield•• Alternate bearingAlternate bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Med oil contentMed oil content•• Med polyphenolsMed polyphenols

Nocellara del Belice in SicilyNocellara del Belice in Sicily

5050++ yearsyears

BosanaBosana•• PrecociousPrecocious•• High yieldHigh yield•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Med oil contentMed oil content•• Med polyphenolsMed polyphenols

FrantoioFrantoio•• Late RipeningLate Ripening•• Medium yieldMedium yield•• Alternate bearingAlternate bearing•• MediumMedium•• Ok to harvestOk to harvest•• Less foliar diseaseLess foliar disease•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• Cold sensitive Cold sensitive

LeccinoLeccino•• Late RipeningLate Ripening•• Medium yieldMedium yield•• Alternate bearingAlternate bearing•• Medium fruitMedium fruit•• Easy to harvestEasy to harvest•• Less foliar diseaseLess foliar disease•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• Cold hardyCold hardy

TaggiascaTaggiasca•• Late RipeningLate Ripening•• Medium yieldMedium yield•• Annual bearingAnnual bearing•• Large fruitLarge fruit•• Difficult to harvestDifficult to harvest•• Less foliar diseaseLess foliar disease•• High oil contentHigh oil content•• Cold sensitive Cold sensitive

LiguriaLiguria

Other Other ““CaliforniaCalifornia”” VarietiesVarieties•• ManzanilloManzanillo – very aromatic fruity, peppery

•• MissionMission - (early) very bitter - (mid season) slightly fruity, bitter, and pungent

- (late) very bland and buttery

•• SevillanoSevillano – fruity, green, herbaceous, pungent

Intermediate Harvest Intermediate Harvest • Balanced• Sweet &

Astringent• Bitter• Pungent• Ripe & Green • Floral• Medium Polyphenols

pmvossen@ucdavis.edu

http://cesonoma.ucdavis.edu