on a separate sheet of paper, copy these false statements, then re-write each one on nb p. 84 to...
TRANSCRIPT
On a separate sheet of paper, copy these FALSE statements, then re-write each one on NB p. 84 to
make it true.1. In 1860, the Democratic Party was united behind support
of slavery in its party platform.2. Southern Democrats wanted their party’s platform to
support popular sovereignty.3. The Dred Scott decision meant that people in a territory
could determine whether their territory allowed slavery.4. One Democrat and one Republican competed in the
election of 1860.5. Abraham Lincoln lost the election of 1860.6. Virginia was the first state to secede from the Union.7. Stephen Douglas was chosen president of the Confederate
States of America.8. After the election of 1860, the South felt that the North was
unwilling to accept majority rule.9. In his first inaugural address, Lincoln announced his
decision to free the slaves in the South.
Copy the chart below on NB p. 85.
Why the South Seceded
Differences in Culture
Differences in Economy
Differences in Political
Philosophy
Use the whole page for this chart!
Diminished Influence
Overestimated Economic
Importance
Lincoln’s Election
Lesson 15.4b: Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession
Lesson 15.4b: Lincoln’s Election and Southern Secession
Today we will explain why the Southern states seceded, as well as the Union’s response
to secession.
Today we will explain why the Southern states seceded, as well as the Union’s response
to secession.
Vocabulary
• secede – withdraw or resign from a political or religious association
• response – an answer or reply, either in words or in action
• diminished – reduced in size or importance
Check for Understanding
• What are we going to do today?
• What response is unacceptable from a student in Mr. Thomas’ class?
• What is something that might cause your respect for an adult to diminish?
What does it mean to secede?
To secede is to withdraw, as the South did, from the Union.
What We Already Learned
The Democratic Party split in 1860 over
disagreements over slavery and popular
sovereignty.
What We Already Learned
Lincoln defeated three other candidates to win the election of 1860.
What We Already Learned
Many Southerners had warned that Lincoln’s election would lead to
secession of the Southern states.
Why did the South secede?
• There were many factors beyond slavery that led to the secession of the South.
• Differences in culture• Differences in Economy• Differences in Political Philosophy• Diminished Influence• Overestimation of the South’s Importance• Lincoln’s Election
Differences in CultureDifferences in Culture
aristocratic and stratified in the South vs. democratic and fluid in the North
aristocratic and stratified in the South vs. democratic and fluid in the North
Differences in Economy
Slave labor in the South vs. free labor in the North
Differences in Economy
Agrarian South vs. industrial North
Differences in Political Philosophy
Differences in Political Philosophy
Compact theory vs. permanent unionCompact theory vs. permanent union
Diminished Political and Economic Influence
The growing population & wealth of the North made the South feel less
important than it once had.
Overestimation of the South's Economic Importance
Overestimation of the South's Economic Importance
Belief that the North’s economy could not survive without Southern cotton.
Belief that the North’s economy could not survive without Southern cotton.
Lincoln's election
Lincoln's election
Viewed by Southerners as
a threat to slavery
Viewed by Southerners as
a threat to slavery
Southern States Secede
• Secessionists argued that since the states had voluntarily joined the Union, they had the right to leave it.
• This was the compact theory of government that had been supported by Southerners for generations.
• Secessionists argued that since the states had voluntarily joined the Union, they had the right to leave it.
• This was the compact theory of government that had been supported by Southerners for generations.
Southern States Secede
• On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede.
• Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida followed within six weeks.
• On December 20, 1860, South Carolina became the first state to secede.
• Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Florida followed within six weeks.
The Confederate States of America Formed
• February 1861 – Jefferson Davis elected president
• The Confederate Constitution supported states’ rights and protected slavery in the Confederacy.
• How would the Union government respond?
Jefferson Davis Abraham Lincoln
Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
Who was Jefferson Davis?
Jefferson Davis was the first
President of the Confederate States
of America.
23. How did white Southerners view Lincoln’s election as president?
23. How did white Southerners view Lincoln’s election as president?
23. How did white Southerners view Lincoln’s election as president?
A. They viewed it with laughter, since they had just seceded.
B. They saw it as a as a threat to slavery and to their way of life.
C. To them, it was an example of popular sovereignty.
D. They saw it as a crooked election, with thousands of phony votes cast.
24. How did the Southern states react to the election of President
Lincoln?
A. They beginning impeachment proceedings immediately.
B. They threatened to withhold their tariff duties until he resigned.
C. They seceded from the Union.D. They refused to send their
representatives to Congress that year.
A. They beginning impeachment proceedings immediately.
B. They threatened to withhold their tariff duties until he resigned.
C. They seceded from the Union.D. They refused to send their
representatives to Congress that year.
24. How did the Southern states react to the election of President
Lincoln?
25. How did Southerners justify secession?
25. How did Southerners justify secession?
A. They had not voted for Lincoln, so they did not recognize him as president.
B. Since the states had voluntarily joined the Union, they also had the right to leave the Union.
C. Lincoln's election had been illegal, so they didn't have to accept the result.
D. Lincoln had announced his plans to abolish slavery, so they had a right to secede in defense of their culture.
E. The Crittenden Compromise had included a secession clause, which they now were fulfilling.
25. How did Southerners justify secession?
25. How did Southerners justify secession?
The Union Responds to Secession
• Buchanan argued against secession: the federal government was sovereign, secession threatened majority rule.
• Southerners complained that Northerners were antislavery bullies.
• Northerners accused Southerners of ignoring the rules of democracy.
The Crittenden Plan:• re-establish Missouri
Compromise line• permit slavery in the territories
until statehood • other protections of slavery and
the slave trade
The Crittenden Plan:• re-establish Missouri
Compromise line• permit slavery in the territories
until statehood • other protections of slavery and
the slave trade
Efforts to Compromise Fail
John J. Crittenden
Efforts to Compromise Fail
Political leaders in both the North and the South worked on the Crittenden plan in the hope that it would keep the Union together,
but it failed to pass in Congress.
Political leaders in both the North and the South worked on the Crittenden plan in the hope that it would keep the Union together,
but it failed to pass in Congress.
Lincoln’s Inauguration
Lincoln assured the South that he
had no intention of abolishing slavery,
but spoke forcefully against
secession.
“We are not enemies, but friends. We must
not be enemies. Though passion may have strained, it must not break our bonds
of affection. The mystic chords of
memory, stretching from every battle-field and patriot grave, to
every living heart and hearthstone, all over this broad land, will yet swell the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as
surely they will be, by the better angels of
our nature.”
As President, Lincoln wanted
no invasion, but would not
abandon government forts in the
South.
These forts, including Fort Sumter in South Carolina, would soon need to be resupplied.These forts, including Fort Sumter in South Carolina, would soon need to be resupplied.
Get your whiteboards and markers ready!
26. What message did President Lincoln try to give to the Southern states in in
his inaugural address?
26. What message did President Lincoln try to give to the Southern states in in
his inaugural address?
A. Argument that the compact theory did not support secession
B. Assurances to the South that he would not abolish slavery
C. Strongly statement against secessionD. Threats to use military force against
the South if it did not return to the Union at once
E. A promise never to keep slavery out of the territories