On-body health data aggregation using mobile phones

by Lama Nachman, Jonathan Huang, Raymond Kong,

Rahul Shah,Junaith Shahabdeen

Topics Covered

IntroductionHardware –Sensors and mobile

deviceSystem ArchitectureAdvantages of the SystemApplicationsQuestions

Pervasive Health MonitoringThe notion of pervasive health monitoring

presents us with a paradigm shift from the traditional event-driven model (i.e. go to doctor when sick) to one where we are continuously monitoring a person’s “well-being” through the use of bio-sensors, smart-home technologies, and information networks. This allows us to be more proactive in heath maintenance, as well as allowing the health care provider to make more informed decisions with a greater wealth of accurate data.

Wireless health monitoring in a Smart Environment

System Architecture

System Components

Sensors Collect physiological data from the body, filter and

communicate to mobile device using BlueTooth

Mobile Device The data is stored and displayed on the phone and

periodically pushed to the backend server

Backend ServerThe health data is stored in SQL server and

constantly monitored by professionals.

On-demand GUI This service is used so that health data is shared

among friends in collaborative settings

Sensors

Mobile phoneSensor ControllerGraphical user interfaceSQL mobile data base

Hardware

Mobile phone and PDA devices such as HTC’s imate, KJAM or Dell PDA are used for on-body aggregator

Why to choose these devices??? Open system ,run some version of Windows

OS and provide a good IDE for application development

Body communication capability via Bluetooth and backend communication via GPRS

Friendly user interfaceStorage Capabilites

Sensor Controller

Maintaining wireless connection with on-body sensors

Storing the information in the databaseInterpret and process data from specific sensorsSeparate data processing modules are added to

compute the data

SQL Mobile databaseGeneric Schema to support all different

sensorsAccess layer to pull the common functionality

and simplify the data baseReplication mechanism to support periodic

synchronization of sensor data

Graphical User InterfaceRetrieves and display the latest scalar data

from the databaseAllow the user to configure the sensing

devicesManipulate some of the operating

parameters of aggregator

Web ServiceThis service is used by external GUIs to display

the sensed data on connected PCs

Sensors developed by Berkley Institute of design

Small, chest worn (24h/day)Capable of measuring many health-related parametersBluetooth enabled Removeable FAT16 filesystem for local data storage (transflash) Ability to do detect acute events and act on them

Front Side Back Side

Sensors developed by Berkley Institute of Design

How UWB ECG sensor work ?

Block diagram of the proposed fully integrated UWB radar for the detection of heart and breath rates.

From Pervasive Health Care Services andTechnologies

Analysis of ECG data

From Pervasive Health Care Services andTechnologies

EMG/GSR “Stress” Detection

•Measures muscle tension (EMG) on back which is indicative of “stress”•Measures “skin resistance” (GSR) which varies with the involuntary production of sweat as a result of stress/emotion

From Berkley Institute of design technical paper

Parameters MonitoredPulse Oximetry •Measure percentage of blood oxygenation •Correlate with breathing and heart beating•Detect hypo/hyper volemia•Detect range of cardiac problems

3-Axis Accelerometer•Orientation (i.e. Sleeping on back vs. standing)•Activity levels (sedentary or jogging)•Detect acute event (Falling)

From Berkley Institute of design technical paper

Advantages• Use of Bluetooth which is very ubiquitous• Separation of manageability and

connectivity of the communication from sensor data format

• Generic database• Annotation of the data• Collaboration among user• Local display of sensed data

Applications• Continuous monitoring of elderly• Detect acute events (i.e. fall)• Detect transient events (i.e. temporary heart problems)• Long term health maintenance• Create portal to allow relatives/friends to monitor relatives

• Diagnostic tool for developing regions• Monitor many parameters, send data to remote physicians

for diagnosis• Commercial applications • End-Consumer self-monitoring (trending/exercise)• “Un-tether” patient in hospital setting• Help physicians with better diagnosis

• Research Applications• Investigate parameters (i.e. stress as a function of exercise)• Long term monitoring during drug trials

References

Development of the portable monitoring system based on Wireless Body Area Sensor Network for continuous acquisition and measurement of the vital sign

Pervasive Healthcare and Wireless Health Monitoring

Ubiquitous Monitoring Environment for Wearable and Implantable Sensors (UbiMon)

Wireless Sensor Networks for Personal Health Monitoring :Issues and an Implementation

Questions ???