one health and new media in veterinary education
TRANSCRIPT
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One Health and New Media in Veterinary Education
Katinka de Balogh
Senior Officer-Veterinary Public Health Animal Health Service
Food and Agriculture Organization Rome
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Outline of presentation
• Emerging diseases and One Health
• Technology since 1970s
• New media for information sharing and learning
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Food and Agriculture Organization of the UN
• 192 member countries + EU
• Ministers of Agriculture
• HQ-Rome
Mission
• Helping to built a world without hunger
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0
500
1.000
1.500
2.000
2.500
3.000
3.500
4.000
1961 1964 1967 1970 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2000 2003 2006
Ind
ex
: 1
96
1=
10
0
Beef Pig meat Milk Poultry Meat Sheep and Goat Meat Aquaculture
aquaculture
poultry
“Fish, the new chicken”
doubling
in 15 yrs
doubling
in 10 yrs
courtesy E. Opoio
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What has created the interest in emerging zoonoses?
• BSE (1980s)
• Nipah (2000)
• SARS (2003)
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New infectious disease agent 1976-…..
• 1976 Crytosporidium parvum • 1977 Ebola (Congo) • 1977 Hataan virus (Korea) • 1977 Campylobacter jejuni • 1982 E. coli 0157:H7 • 1982 Borrelia burgdorfi (Lyme Disease) • 1983 Human Immuodeficiency Virus (HIV) • 1983 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (USA & Italy) • 1984 Escherichia coli O157:H7 (USA) • 1985 Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (USA/UK) • 1987 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (USA) • 1988 Hepatitis E • 1989 Ehrlichia chaffeensis • 1989 Venezuelan Hemmorrhagic Fever (Venezuela) • 1989 Barmah Forest Virus (Western Australia) • 1991 Guanarito virus (Venezuela) • 1991 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (UK & China) • 1992 Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease) • 1993 Sin nombre virus (USA) • 1993 & 1995 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Mexico) • 1994 Hendra Virus (Australia)
• 1994 Sabia virus (Brasil) • 1996 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (UK) • 1996 Laguna Negra Virus (Paraguay/Bolivia) • 1996 Australian Bat Lyssavirus (Australia) • 1996 Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus (Japan) • 1997 Menangle Virus (Australia) • 1997 H5N1 flu (Hong Kong) • 1998 Nipah Virus (Malaysia) • 1999 Choclo Virus (Panama) • 1999 & 2007 Avian Influenza A (Italy & Netherlands) • 2002 Monkeypox (USA) • 2002 & 2004 Avian Influenza A H7N3 (Chile & Canada) • 2002 & 2007 Avian Influenza H7N2 (USA & UK) • 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - SARS (China)
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slide title (1/20)
text text text text text text text text text text text text text text
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New infectious (zoonotic) disease agent 1976-….
• 1976 Crytosporidium parvum • 1977 Ebola (Congo) • 1977 Hataan virus (Korea) • 1977 Campylobacter jejuni • 1982 E. coli 0157:H7 • 1982 Borrelia burgdorfi (Lyme Disease) • 1983 Human Immuodeficiency Virus (HIV) • 1983 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (USA & Italy) • 1984 Escherichia coli O157:H7 (USA) • 1985 Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus (USA/UK) • 1987 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus (USA) • 1988 Hepatitis E • 1989 Ehrlichia chaffeensis • 1989 Venezuelan Hemmorrhagic Fever (Venezuela) • 1989 Barmah Forest Virus (Western Australia) • 1991 Guanarito virus (Venezuela) • 1991 & 1997 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (UK & China) • 1992 Bartonella henselae (cat scratch disease) • 1993 Sin nombre virus (USA) • 1993 & 1995 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Mexico) • 1994 Hendra Virus (Australia)
• 1994 Sabia virus (Brasil) • 1996 Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (UK) • 1996 Laguna Negra Virus (Paraguay/Bolivia) • 1996 Australian Bat Lyssavirus (Australia) • 1996 Vancomycin-Resistant Staphylococcus (Japan) • 1997 Menangle Virus (Australia) • 1997 H5N1 flu (Hong Kong) • 1998 Nipah Virus (Malaysia) • 1999 Choclo Virus (Panama) • 1999 & 2007 Avian Influenza A (Italy & Netherlands) • 2002 Monkeypox (USA) • 2002 & 2004 Avian Influenza A H7N3 (Chile & Canada) • 2002 & 2007 Avian Influenza H7N2 (USA & UK) • 2003 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome - SARS (China) • 2003 Avian Influenza A H5N1 (China & Vietnam) • 2004 – 2008 Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus
aureus CC398 • 2007 & 2008 Avian Influenza A H5N2 (Nigeria) • 2009 Pandemic Influenza virus A H1N1 (Mexico & USA) • 2009-2011 Escherichia coli O104:H4 (STEC O104:H4)
(Georgia & Germany) • 2011 Schmallenberg virus (Germany) zoonotic?
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FAO/OIE/WHO Collaborative Framework
Tripartite Position Paper
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Ecosystem HealthEcosystem Health
AnimalAnimal Health Health
HumanHuman Health Health
One Health
..
...
Need for new competencies?
Experiential learning
Leadership skills
Multidisciplinary
Communication
Problem solving
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Knowledge transfer
• Oral Memorization
• Scripture hand-copy
• Printing press multiplication of documents
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Do you remember how you were taught?
What medium/media was used?
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well known teaching tool
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1970s
Teaching/Presentations
Literature Research
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1980s and 1990s
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1990 my first laptop (30 MB)
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ProMed listserver 1994 Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases
Animal, Human and Plant Diseases
Aug. 1994 launched with 40 subscribers from 7 countries
Dec . 1994, 200 subscribers, 15 countries
May 1995: Ebola outbreak in Kikwit, DR Congo
July: subscribers 2000
May 1996: subscribers 5000
2009: subscribers over 50,000 in over 180 countries !!
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Globalisation and democratisation of information and communication
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Knowledge transfer
• Oral Memorization
• Scripture hand-copy
• Printing press
• Photocopy/fax/scanning
• Internet knowledge of entire humanity just a click away
J. Foer. Moonwalking with Einstein.
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Need for new competencies
• Problem solving capabilities
• Understanding complexities
• How to deal with uncertaintities?
• Global outlook
• Keeping knowledge & skills up-to-date
• Leadership skills
• Addressing multidisciplinary
• Communication, communication, communication
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WebCT 1999
• Student assignment
• Linking students from Utrecht University and University of Florida
• Websites on West Nile Virus
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Capacity building and information
exchanges e-conferences and e-consultations
• Interactive CD-Roms
• Long distance courses
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2010 +
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Webcam and Skype
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Virtual classrooms, online-courses and webinars
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Social networks, gaming,
virtual reality (SIM outbreak?)
Endless possibilities.....
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Simulations and teaching The haptic cow
S. Baillie, RVC
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New technologies for disease surveillance
The power of the mobile phone
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Mobile phone technology
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Digital Pen Technology for surveillance of transboundary animal diseases
34
Battery
Memory – 40 A4 Pages
Processor
InfraredCamera
Ink Cartridge and force sensor
Encrypted data transmission – 128 bit
Bluetooth transceiver/USB
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The Applications –
Acquiring Laboratory Tests information
using barcode writing/reading technologies:
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Simulation exercises (table-top and field) for zoonotic diseases
Enhance emergency preparedness of countries
Strengthen collaboration,
coordination and
cooperation between
different sectors
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What travels faster than diseases?
Information can travel faster!
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Conclusion
• Veterinary curricula need to respond to the needs of society
• New areas to be addressed (emergency preparedness, fish diseases, leadership, One Health)
• New technologies provide unprecedented opportunities for all Life-long learning
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Fish diseases
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Emergency
Preparedness
Early detection
Rapid response
Better Health
systems
Development
Poverty alleviation
Public awareness
Chain approach
Empowered
consumers
Certification
systems
Antibiotic
residues and
antimicrobial
resistance
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Disease Form
45