Ontario's New Climate Change Legislation ‐ A Compliance Strategy

Tony Cupido, Mohawk CollegeMark Wilhelm, Ameresco

Ontario’s Climate Change Legislation Highlights Ontario College’s Data California’s Plan What’s Happening at Arizona State University A Carbon Neutrality Roadmap

What We’ll Talk About Today

Ontario’s Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets

* Below 1990 greenhouse gas emission levels

#ONclimate

CAP TRADE• Limits tonnes of greenhouse gas

(GHG) emissions that businesses and institutions can emit

• Market where companies can buy or sell carbon credits (allowances)

• Drops each year to encourage lower emissions

• Credits linked to every tonne of GHG they do or do not emit

• Plans for economy-wide cap at 142 megatonnes per year by 2020

Provincial Framework

What is Cap and Trade?

Source: Colleges Ontario – “Moving to Net Zero Funding Proposal”, May 2016

Source: Colleges Ontario – “Moving to Net Zero Funding Proposal”, May 2016

GHG Scopes

SCOPE 1 - DIRECT

Sources ownedby entity Space and water heating CHP / onsite power

generation Fleet vehicles Diesel equipment Onsite landfill Wastewater treatment

SCOPE 2 - INDIRECT

Purchased Power Electricity Steam for heating Chilled water for cooling

SCOPE 3 - INDIRECT

Sources not ownedby entity Student / staff commuting Business travel Contracted waste disposal Water use Waste Transmission losses from

purchased electricity

Scope 1; 33.00%

Scope 2; 22.00%

Scope 3; 45.00%

Estimated Total Emissions (24 Colleges)

• Natural gas• Gasoline (fleet)• Diesel (equipment)

• Electricity• Steam• Chilled water

• Transportation• Waste & water• Procurement

Total emissions of 24 college campuses: 250,000 tCO2e

Source: Colleges Ontario – “Moving to Net Zero Funding Proposal”, May 2016

Buildings and Transportation have the Largest Impact on Emissions

KEY STRATEGIES of an INTEGRATED APPROACH:1. DECREASE building energy consumption (Scope 1 & 2)2. INCREASE use of onsite renewable generation (Scope 1 & 2)3. DECREASE transportation emissions (Scope 3)

BUILDINGS TRANSPORTATION

Ontario Cap and Trade Requirements

• Colleges in Ontario won’t be impacted by Cap and Trade under current rules – but: Can participate in programs Can reduce GHG emissions to help meet targets

> 25,000 tCO2e / year MANDATORY participation10,000 – 25,000 tCO2e / year VOLUNTARY participationUnder 10,000 tCO2e / year NO participation

To Meet Goals, Many Institutions – like Colleges – Must Reduce GHG Emissions Faster and Deeper

Source: Environment and Climate Change Canada; https://www.ec.gc.ca/

Energy Performance of College Buildings

Source: Colleges Ontario – “Moving to Net Zero Funding Proposal”, May 2016

Integrated Solutions should be Driven by Sector Trends and Challenges

• Keeping Costs Low Keep tuition affordable Reduced funding Strained resources Poor asset utilization / facility optimization Deferred maintenance and capital investment

• Making Your School Standout Attract and retain students Prepare students for the green economy Build community and business partnerships Improve occupant satisfaction and productivity Position the institution as a leader Meet climate commitments

SCIENTIFIC CONSENSUS: We must reduce global GHG emissions to 80% below 1990 levels by 2050 to avert the worst impacts of global warming

Why California?

California Climate Action

• California requirements: All new residential construction = Zero Net Energy by 2020 All new commercial construction = Zero Net Energy by 2030 California goal: double energy efficiency in buildings by 2030

• California funding options: Cap and trade auction revenue, bonds, and utility ratepayer funds Property Assessed Clean Energy (PACE) funding On-bill financing

Source: California Air Resources Board

VISION Reduce GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030

GOALS Governor’s Key Climate Change Strategies – (3 of 6): Increase renewables to 50% Reduce petroleum use by 50% in vehicles Double energy efficiency savings in existing buildings

California Climate Strategy:“Integrated Plan to Address Climate Change”

California Cap and Trade Benefits – Implications for Ontario

• We expect the same results for Ontario!

Economic growth and GHG emissions

reduction can coexist

• GHG emissions have dropped consistently• The economy is thriving

ACUPCC Carbon Neutrality Dates (n=520, 2015 data)

9.04%

16.35%

14.04%

45.38%

6.35%

2.12% 1.92% 4.81%2012 to 20202021 to 20302031 to 20402041 to 20502051 to 2060

Source: ACUPCC; Second Nature

2050 isn’t fast enough to make a real impact or be positioned as a climate change leader

Ameresco has implemented many projects at ASU over last 15 years, including: >17 MWdc of PV systems (47 sites) and 2 Performance Contracts Energy Information System database & Campus Metabolism Website New Central Plant, new Combined Heat and Power Plant, and many infrastructure upgrades

History With Arizona State University

Energy & Central Plant Retrofit

First Campus PV System (184 kW DC)

Polytechnic Campus Central Plant

Energy Information System

Combined Heat & Power (CHP) Plant

Solar PPA (17+ MWdc)

Boiler & Boiler Burner Replacement

North Loop Project/ Central Plant Interconnect

Resulting Energy & GHG Emissions Savings: 98.5 GWh/year 1.4 million therms/year 77,247 metric tons CO2e/year

“YOU NEVER CHANGE THINGS BY FIGHTING THE EXISTING REALITY. TO CHANGE SOMETHING, BUILD A NEW MODEL THAT MAKES THE EXISTING MODEL OBSOLETE.”

BUCKMINSTER FULLER

Reach climate neutrality By 2025 (2035 with transportation)

Attract students, professors, funding, and research

Create a new model to change the world

ASU / AMERESCO Climate Neutrality Strategic Alliance – Goals

Achieve these goals with transparency, best value assurance, and partnership

Take the Right Steps in the Right Order

CARBON NEUTRALITY

1. Define goals2. Involve campus community3. Understand current conditions4. Measure baselines5. Implement monitoring systems6. Reduce energy consumption7. Select appropriate technologies8. Seek strategic synergies9. Optimize controls10. Engage users11. Integrate renewables12. Track + report benefits13. Improve plan as required

Most people start here!

ASU 2012 GHG Emissions Inventory

Built Environ-ment Emissions; 60.79%Remaining

Emissions; 1.82%

Transportation Emissions; 37.39%

Focus on existing buildings and transportation to reduce GHG emissions

GHG Emissions Reduction Roadmapping Process

Roadmap Components

Demand-side

• Highly-efficient new construction

• Cross-cutting measures

• Deep savings over time

• Deep energy retrofits

Supply-side & Infrastructure

• CP/CHP optimization

• Improve infrastructure

• Microgrids

• Energy storage

• On-site PV & solar thermal

• Off-site renewables

Transportation

• Optimize to reduce VMT

• Move to efficient vehicles

• Offsets for air travel

Institutional

• Enhanced sustainable building guidelines

• Engagement / behavioral programs

• New financing mechanisms

• New project delivery mechanisms

1. Highly efficient new construction, reaching best-in-class energy performance (as seen in other university and office buildings)

2. Cross-cutting improvements to optimize systems and install new technology, rolled out across multiple buildings

3. Deep savings over time, achieved by building upon cross-cutting measures, and eventually replacing HVAC systems or improving envelopes

4. Deep retrofits of select buildings, which take a building off-line and replace many systems for multiple benefits

Four Key Strategies for Building Efficiency

1. Plant optimization and infrastructure improvements to create energy savings

2. Smart grid approaches to maximize installation of cost-effective, renewable energy resources with storage technology (batteries, thermal)

3. Off-site renewable energy options, including landfill gas, biogas, solar, wind, and biomass to offset ASU’s carbon emissions (after efficiency savings)

Three Key Strategies for Energy Supply

Three Key Strategies for Transportation

1. Reduce vehicle miles traveled (VMT) by targeting discrete campus populations

2. Transition fleets to more efficient vehicles

3. Develop a comprehensive carbon reduction strategy for air travel and remaining transportation footprint

1. Implement asset planning software (VFA, Asset Planner, Etc.)

2. Implement performance-based contracting vehicles

3. Adopt revised, performance-based, sustainable design guidelines

4. Define acceptable Values Beyond Energy Cost Savings (VBECS)

5. Implement swing space program to facilitate deep energy retrofits

6. Implement a distributed billing/carbon accountability program

Many Key Strategies forInstitutional “Enablers”

New and Renovated Buildings Must Be as Energy Efficient as Possible

CODE

LEED SILVER

LEED PLATINUM

NZELIVING BUILDING

REGENERATIVE BUILDING

Adopt an Integrated Solutionto Reduce GHG Emissions

1. GHG Management Program2. GHG Emissions Reduction Roadmap3. Enhanced Communications4. Energy Efficiency & Renewables

GHG Management Program Tasks

Human Resources

Commuting Emissions

Flex-time programs

Commuting Data

Sustainability Office

Program Management

Orientation

Reporting

Finance

Develop Budget

Lifecycle Cost

Analysis

Facilities

Energy Manager

Utility Data Collection

M&V Program

Construction Services

Design Guide

NZE Building Administration

LEED Administration

Operations

Waste Management

Purchasing Program

Fleet Data

Fugitive Gases

Seamless Integration Across Mohawk College

Communications Program

Goals

• Tell the sustainability story

• Reach specific stakeholder audiences

• Impact attitudes and behaviors

Actions

• Review current programs and collateral

• Define messages• Create collateral• Provide orientation

training• Create dashboards• Develop plan

Results

• Communication program• Print and electronic

media• Conferences and events• Sustainability Summit

(students, faculty and staff)

Energy Dashboard

Energy Analytics

Capital Creation Strategies

Energy Conservation

Renewable Solutions

Maintenance Optimization

Asset Ownership

O&M Strategies

Consolidation Strategies

Revenue Generation Strategies

Redevelopment Strategies

Real EstateStrategies

Real EstateStrategies

MaintenanceOptimizationMaintenanceOptimization

RenewableSolutions

RenewableSolutions

Energy Conservation

Energy Conservation

RevenueGeneration

RevenueGeneration

Optimized Capital

CreationStrategies

Optimized Capital

CreationStrategies

Leveraged and Bundled Capital Creation StrategiesTM

The Path to Climate Neutrality is Not Linear…

Reduce Energy

Consumption and

Demand

Offset or Sequester Remaining

CarbonImplement Behavioral Programs

Establish Management

Protocols

Build Education

& Awareness

Expand Renewable

Supply

Capital Constraints

Program Integration

Decision Framework

Data needed to prioritize

Track, Report,

and Improve

Improve Institutional Capacity for

Change

Implement Efficient

Infrastructure

…An integrated approach is critical to success

If you want to go fast, go alone.

If you want to go far, go together.

African Proverb

Thank you!

Tony Cupido, Ph.D., P.Eng. Mark Wilhelm, MEP, CRM, CEMMohawk College Ameresco, Inc.Tony.Cupido@mohawkcollege.ca mwilhelm@Ameresco.com