open access and new forms of publishing in economics, social sciences and the humanities

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1 Information event organised by D-MTEC, D-GESS & ETH-Bibliothek ETH Zurich, 25 November 2013 Barbara Hirschmann, E-Publishing Office, ETH-Bibliothek OPEN ACCESS AND NEW FORMS OF PUBLISHING IN ECONOMICS, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND THE HUMANITIES

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Page 1: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

1

Information event organised by D-MTEC, D-GESS & ETH-Bibliothek

ETH Zurich, 25 November 2013

Barbara Hirschmann, E-Publishing Office, ETH-Bibliothek

OPEN ACCESS AND NEW FORMS OF PUBLISHING

IN ECONOMICS, SOCIAL SCIENCES AND THE HUMANITIES

Page 2: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS:

STATEMENTS, QUESTIONS AND FEARS

«We are in the hands of thepublishers.» (Umfrage ETH-Bibliothek, 2012)

«Ein Artikel muss im Web of Science zitiert werden, sonst ist es verlorene Literatur.» (Umfrage ETH-Bibliothek, 2012)

«Es darf nicht zum Zwang werden, man sollte die Wahl haben.»(Umfrage ETH-Bibliothek, 2012)

Who is responsible for quality control in

open access publications?

How does peer review go together with

open access?

How can an open access publications

reach a good reputation?

Who pays for an open access publication?

With open access copyright is in danger.

Why should I publish open

access?

Page 3: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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What is Open Access?

OPEN ACCESS

«Open access […] literature is digital, online, free of charge,

and free of most copyright and licensing restrictions.»

(Peter Suber, 2012)

without costs for the readeraccessible

possibility to reuse

• Download

• Copy

• Distribute

• Print

• Search

• …

Page 4: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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TRADITIONAL PUBLICATION CYCLE

Author(as producer)

Publisher

Bookseller/ Library Supplier

Library

Author(as recipient)

Page 5: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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TRADITIONAL PUBLICATION CYCLE

Author(as producer)

Publisher

Bookseller/ Library Supplier

Library

Author(as recipient)

peer review

layout, copy-editing

distribution

selection &

acquistion

delivery

Paid by

taxpayer

Paid by

taxpayer

Page 6: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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THE SERIALS CRISIS

Annual US journal price increases compared to Consumer Price Index (CPI).

Source: http://allenpress.com/system/files/pdfs/library/2012_AP_JPS.pdf

Page 8: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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JOURNAL PRICES

Source: Bosch, Stephen and Kittie Henderson. «The Winds of Change. Periodicals Price

Survey 2013.» Library Journal 21 July 2013. URL:

http://lj.libraryjournal.com/2013/04/publishing/the-winds-of-change-periodicals-price-survey-

2013 [18.11.2013]

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PROFIT MARGINS

IN SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHING

0.00%

5.00%

10.00%

15.00%

20.00%

25.00%

30.00%

35.00%

40.00%

Source: http://de.slideshare.net/cirasella/open-access-which-side-are-you-on-oa-week-2013

[22.11.2013]

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Journals electronic format

current, printed format

14 600

5 380

Databases 145

Books, reference works e-Books

printed papers (monographs and

bound volumes)

105 000

2 887 000

Dissertations, reports documents ETH E-Collection

reports and microfiches

28 000

2 213 000

Maps incl. plans 403 000

… … …

RESOURCES AND DOCUMENTS HELD

BY THE ETH-BIBLIOTHEK

Page 11: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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USAGE OF PRODUCTS OF THE

ETH-BIBLIOTHEK

0

250,000

500,000

750,000

1,000,000

1,250,000

1,500,000

1,750,000

2,000,000

2,250,000

2,500,000

2,750,000

3,000,000

3,250,000

3,500,000

3,750,000

4,000,000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Usage of products ETH-Bibliothek 2001 – 2012

Loans (printed documents)

Document delivery

subito, FIZ

Accesses library website

Accesses databases

Accesses licensed electronic journals

Accesses ETH E-Collection (PDF downloads)

Accesses e-books

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ACQUISITIONS BUDGET OF THE

ETH-BIBLIOTHEK

60%13%

14%

9%3%

journals (online and print)

databases

e-books

monographs and serials

other

Page 13: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS

• A way out of the serials crisis?

• A way out of library budget

problems?

• Solve copyright restriction

problems?

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OPEN ACCESS

• Increased visibility and higher citation rates

• Fast, toll-free access to information

• Good findability via search engines

• All the benefits of digital documents

• Promotes international and inter-

disciplinary cooperation

• Greater research efficiency through early

discussion of results

• Authors retain copyright

• Open access to publicly-funded research

results

• Long-term document availability

• Benefits in networked, IT-supported work

environments

Page 15: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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Open Access – The Green Road

OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Author(as producer)

Publisher

Bookseller / Library Supplier

Library

Author(as recipient)

Peer Review

layout, copy-editing

distribution

selection &

acquistion

delivery Publication in

Repository

Page 16: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

0

250,000

500,000

750,000

1,000,000

1,250,000

1,500,000

1,750,000

2,000,000

2,250,000

2,500,000

2,750,000

3,000,000

3,250,000

3,500,000

3,750,000

4,000,000

2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012

Usage of products ETH-Bibliothek 2001 – 2012

Loans (printed documents)

Document delivery

subito, FIZ

Accesses library website

Accesses databases

Accesses licensed electronic journals

Accesses ETH E-Collection (PDF downloads)

Accesses e-books

Page 17: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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Self-Archiving in Open Access repositories

OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Institutional

Repository

Disciplinary

Repository

OpenDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories)

Page 18: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Page 19: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Page 20: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Persistent Identifier

Free of charge

Disciplinary collection

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GREEN ROAD

Persistent Identifier (DOI)

Long term archiving

Free of charge

Up-to-date download statistics

When publishing in ETH E-Collection you comply with Open Access mandates

of ETH Zurich, SNSF, and the European Commission!

Metadata transfer to E-Citations

Page 22: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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Publishing in Open Access Journals

• Quality Control (Peer Review)

• Different funding mechanisms

• Article Processing Charges

• Author retains Copyright (standard licence: CC-BY)

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

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Open Access – The Golden Road

1. Choose a Journal

List of OA Journals with impact factor: http://labs.biblioteca.uoc.edu/test/doaj/

2. Avoid publishing with predatory OA Publishers:

– Beall’s List: http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/

– OASPA: Open Access Scholarly Publishers Association

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

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Funding

• Research Funds

• ETH Zurich memberships

• Open Access Option («Hybrid Journals»): Not financed by ETH Zurich!

e.g. Springer Open Choice, Elsevier Sponsored Articles, Wiley Online Open, ….

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

$

2500,-

$

1140,-$ 0,-

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Correlation of APCs with Journal’s Impact Factor

Source: Theo Andrew (2012): Gold Open Access: Counting the Costs, http://www.ariadne.ac.uk/issue70/andrew.

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

Source: Laakso and Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124 doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-124

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

0.00%

2.00%

4.00%

6.00%

8.00%

10.00%

12.00%

14.00%

16.00%

18.00%

2008 2009 2010 2011

Delayed OA

Hybrid OA

In full immediate OA journals

Source: based on Laakso and Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124 doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-124

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OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

Source: Laakso and Björk BMC Medicine 2012, 10:124 doi:10.1186/1741-7015-10-124

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New Publishing Models: Megajournals

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

Source: Davis, Phil: The Rise and Fall of PLOS ONE’s Impact Factor (2012 = 3.730).

The scholarly kitchen. URL: http://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2013/06/20/the-rise-and-

fall-of-plos-ones-impact-factor-2012-3-730/

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New Publishing Models

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

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• Publication of the submitted version as “Discussion Paper”

within 3 weeks

• Review by

• invited referees (classic peer review)

• Registered readers (open assessment)

• Published or rejected as “Journal Article”

• Discussion Paper with all comments remains accessible to

the public

• Journal included in SSCI since 2012

OPEN ACCESS – THE GOLDEN ROAD

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• «Delayed Open Access»:

Open Access to Publisher Backlists

(books / journals)

e.g. retro.seals.ch

• Pilot projects with

Open Access Book Publishing

• Research funder initiatives (DFG, Wellcome Trust,

Austrian Science Fund)

OPEN ACCESS IN THE HUMANITIES

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The Open Access Movement & ETH

2002 Budapest Open Access Initiative

2003 Berlin Declaration on Open Access to Scientific Knowledge

2006 ETH Zurich signs Berlin Declaration

2008 ETH Zurich adopts Open Access Policy

OPEN ACCESS @ ETH ZURICH

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ETH Zurich Open Access Policy (2008)

OPEN ACCESS @ ETH ZURICH

“The ETH Zurich requires of staff and postgraduate students to post

electronic copies of any research papers that have been accepted

for publication in a peer-reviewed journal (post-prints), theses and other

scientific research output (monographs, reports, proceedings, videos

etc.), to be made freely available as soon as possible into the

institutional repository ETH E-Collection, if there are no legal

objections. The ETH Zurich expects authors where possible, to retain

their copyright. For detailed information see the rules of the ETH E-

Collection.”

“The ETH Zurich encourages their researchers to publish in a

suitable Open Access journal where one exists and will cover a part of

the publication costs.”

www.library.ethz.ch/open-access

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Open Access in FP 7• FP7: Open-Access pilot

• Grant agreements in seven areas contain special clause 39

«Open Access»

• Articles originating from these projects must be deposited to an online

repository latest 6 / 12 months after publication (sciences / social sciences

& humanities)

• Article Processing Charges are eligible (limited to duration of project)

Open Access in Horizon 2020• From OA pilot in FP7 to OA mandate in Horizon 2020

• Possibility for funding of Article Processing Charges after project ends

• Pilot for Open Research Data

OPEN ACCESS IN THE EU

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Swiss National Science Foundation

• requires its grant recipients to self-archive their

publications in peer-reviewed journals on an

open-access repository

• offers researchers the opportunity to claim

publication fees for articles in open-access

journals of up to CHF 3’000 as project costs

OPEN ACCESS @ SNSF

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International Developments

Great Britain

• Research Councils UK: direct funding to

Universities for financing APCs from 2013

United States:

• NIH to withhold grant money to enforce OA

policy

OPEN ACCESS MANDATES

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Quelle: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/news/2012-12-12-JULIET-Upgrade.html [17.12.2012]

OPEN ACCESS MANDATES

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• Self-Archiving

• What is allowed?

• How do I retain my rights?

COPYRIGHT – SELF-ARCHIVING

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• Publishers usually allow some sort ofself-archiving

• Where to look it up?

• Copyright Transfer Agreement

• SHERPA/RoMEO Database

COPYRIGHT – SELF-ARCHIVING

“ETH Zurich requires of staff and postgraduate students to post

electronic copies of any research papers [¨…] into the institutional

repository ETH E-Collection, if there are no legal objections.”

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Where?

• Author’s website

• Institutional

repository

• Disciplinary

repository

Which format?

• Usually Postprint

(= author’s

manuscript after peer

review)

When?

• Possible embargos

between 2 and 24

months

Page 42: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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What does this mean?

• Read the publication agreement with great care

• Transferring copyright doesn’t have to be all or nothing

• Publishing agreements are negotiable

• Use the SPARC author addendum

COPYRIGHT- SELF-ARCHIVING

“The ETH Zurich expects authors where

possible, to retain their copyright.”

Page 43: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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Creative Commons Licences

COPYRIGHT - LICENSING

CC BY:

Creative Commons Attribution Licence

CC BY NC:

Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial Licence

Page 44: Open Access and new forms of publishing in Economics, Social Sciences and the Humanities

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A Vision for the future?

THE FUTURE OF PUBLISHING

Björn Brembs,

Professor of Neurobiology,

University of Regensburg

Source:

http://de.slideshare.net/brembs/some-technical-hurdles-towards-open-science

Is a publishing system

without journals

feasible?

• Peer Review?

• Prestige?

• Impact Factor?

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• Open Access publishing is developing steadily, but slowly

• The financial aspects of Gold Open Access are not solved• Can financial savings be achieved?

• Who will finance additional costs during the “transition period”

• Can the power of the big publishers be cut down?

• Green Open Access probably not to become a standard if it does not come with strong enforcement mechanisms

CHALLENGES REMAIN…

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www.library.ethz.ch/open-access

http://e-collection.library.ethz.ch

[email protected]

CONTACTS