open access to peer reviewed research: freeing the literature fiona godlee editorial director...
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Open access to peer reviewed research:
freeing the literature
Fiona GodleeEditorial Director (Medicine)
BioMed Centralwww.biomedcentral.com
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Open access….
• What do we mean by the current publishing model?
• What’s wrong with it?
• What are the alternatives?
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Some fundamental questions
• Who owns science?
• What are the aims of scientific communication?
• How can these best be realised in the age of electronic communication?
• How should the scientific community cover the costs of quality control?
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Open access…
• What do we mean by the current publishing model?
• What’s wrong with it?
• What are the alternatives?
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Open access…
• What do we mean by the current publishing model?
• What’s wrong with it?
• What are the alternatives?
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What’s wrong?
• High prices no longer reflect costs
• High prices limit access
• Fragments science
• Inefficient
• Slow
• Impact factors
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The trouble with impact factors
• Based on journals not articles
• Not good for applied sciences
• Not good for small fields
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Open access….
• What do we mean by the current publishing model?
• What’s wrong with it?
• What are the alternatives?
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…Open access
• Dispense with subscriptions, and the things that support subscription revenues (copyright, access controls etc)
• Find new sources of revenue to pay for quality control and dissemination
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Non-peer reviewed research
Centralised peer review performed by PubMed Central
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Peer reviewed articles from journals
PubMed Central - full text repository of peer reviewed research
Non-peer reviewed research
Centralised peer review performed by PubMed Central
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• Open access • Fully searchable and retrievable in PubMed
• Securely and permanently archived
• Copyright remains with authors• Fully peer reviewed
Original research
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Peer review
Decisions based on validity not “relevance”
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Peer review
Decisions based on validity not relevance
Open, with signed comments posted
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Journals published by BMc
On line only
(Core” BMc journals)
•BMc Neurology
•BMc Gastroenterology
•etc
Print/on line
Genome Biology
Arthritis Research
Critical Care
CCT in CVM“Niche” journals
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Number of articles submitted to BMC each month: Aug 2000 – Mar 2001
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Number of articles accepted by BMC each month : Aug 2000 – Mar 2001
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Overall av 53 days (11/21-193)
Medicine av 68 days (22-125)
Biology av 49 days (11/21-193)
Time from submission to publication
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Can be seen by anyone in the world
Indexed in PubMed
Available on PubMed Central
On line submission
Open peer review
Rapid publication
Extensive promotion
Opportunities to update
Advantages
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New
On line only
Disadvantages
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What are BMC’s alternative sources of revenue?
Now– Advertising
Planned – Services to authors
and users – Author charges
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Author charges
• Shift cost of quality control from user to author• Save money (~$500 vs ~$5000 per published
paper)• Create direct relation between service and cost• Are subject to normal market forces• If used to fund open access, author charges:
– fulfil the responsibility of researchers and funders to disseminate results of scientific research
– Re-enfranchise the disenfranchised
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What can librarians do to promote open access?
• Get involved with SPARC
• Link your website to BioMed Central – Contact Becky Fishman for information (
• Talk to your colleagues and faculty
• Be radical