open educational resources – opportunities and challenges for higher education li yuan jisc cetis,...
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Open Educational Resources – Opportunities and Challenges for
Higher Education
Li Yuan
JISC CETIS, Institute Educational Cybernetics, University of Bolton
“Open” means…
“Op
en” E
du
catio
nal R
eso
urce
s
Legal domain
Technical domain
Social domain
Open Access: Content is provided free of charge
Open Standards: Produced in open format and with open
source software
Open Licensed: licensed for re-use, free from restrictions to
modify, re-mix and repurpose
Milestones in OER Movement
A Definition of OER
““digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning and and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning and research” (OECD, 2007)research” (OECD, 2007)
““digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students digitised materials offered freely and openly for educators, students and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning and and self-learners to use and reuse for teaching, learning and research” (OECD, 2007)research” (OECD, 2007)
Content Tools Implementation
Developm
ent &
Delivery
Searching &
Organising
Sharing &
Collaborating
IPR
& C
opyright
Co-produce or P
roducer- C
onsumer
Institution & C
omm
unity &
individual
Full courses & m
odules
Collections &
Journals
Textbooks &
course m
aterials
Funding Models – Stephen Downes, 2006
Different Institution OER Models Centralised Model
e.g. MIT OpenCourseWare
Centralised and Decentralised Model
e.g. Utah State University OCW
Decentralised Model
e.g. Rice University’s Connexions
MIT OpenCourseWare
Utah State University OCW
Rice University’s Connexions
Openlearn
Stanford University on YouTube
Individual OER initiatives
Introduction to Open Education
David Wiley, wiki, a 3 credit graduate-level course
Connectivism and Connective Knowledge George Siemens & Stephen Downes, Moodle & Wiki, English, Spanish,
Portuguese, Italian, Hungarian, and Chinese
Multimedia Training Videos Russell Stannard, free learning videos on using multimedia and helping
teachers to incorporate technology into their teaching
OER initiatives for the General Public
Wikiversity
9,355 learning resources, all levels, types, and styles of education
Curriki
The combination of 'curriculum' and 'wiki, a community of educators, learners, and experts;
GLOBE Making online learning resources available to educators and students around the
world.
National OER Programmes
ParisTech Open Course Ware
Japan OpenCourseWare Consortium (JOCW)
China Open Resources for Education (CORE)
Irish Open
JorumOpen (2009) ???
Issues and Challenges :
Sustainability
IPR & Copyrights
Quality Issue
Interoperability Issue
“The UK must have a core of open access learning resources organised in a coherent way to support on-line and blended learning by all higher education institutions and to make it more widely available in non-HE environments.”
Sir Ron Cooke’s Report “On-line Innovation in Higher Education”
Resources Cetis Briefing Paper (2008), Open Educational Resources – Opportunities and
Challenges for Higher Education , http://wiki.cetis.ac.uk/images/0/0b/OER_Briefing_Paper.pdf
Cooke, R. (2008) On-line Innovation in Higher Education http://tinyurl.com/5vt5lo Downes, S. (2006) Models for Sustainable Open Educational Resources, National
Research, Council Canada, http://tinyurl.com/64xqym OEDb (2007), 80 Open Education Resource (OER) Tools for Publishing and
Development Initiatives, http://oedb.org/library/features/80-oer-tools OECD (2007), Giving Knowledge for Free: the Emergence of Open Educational
Resources, http://tinyurl.com/62hjx6. OECD (2007), Open Content Licensing (OCL) for Open Educational Resources,
http://tinyurl.com/5oh3es UNESCO, 2008, UNESCO OER Toolkit, http://tinyurl.com/5zmnwn Wiley, D. (2006) On the Sustainability of Open Educational Resource Initiatives in
Higher Education, www.oecd.org/edu/oer. ZaidLearn, (2008), University Learning = OCW + OER = FREE!,
http://tinyurl.com/5hcd5o
Thanks for your attention!!!
For more information about OER working group and future events at CETIS, please visit Cetis website at http://jisc.cetis.ac.uk/ or email Li Yuan at [email protected]
Discussion: What technical standards, architectures and tools would be required to make teaching and
learning resources searchable (discoverable), reusable and freely accessible globally? Is there anything we can do simply and cheaply with commonly-used authoring tools to help?
How can we make sure that content is legally ok to share? What do people need to know about creative commons licences? Who should be responsible for checking the copyright, performance rights, data protection etc of the video clip they are about to publish? What should the role of institutions be? What kind of policy in the area of IPR and innovative approaches to copyright could facilitate the growth of OER?
Why do institutions engage (or not engage) in OER initiatives? Why do academics use web2.0 content sharing services like Youtube and Slideshare, and how does that relate to their jobs? How does OER change the existing methods and models for teaching and learning?
What are the existing business models for sustainable open educational content projects? To what extent are the institutional model and community models for OER initiatives compatible and to what extent do they compete? Are there other revenue models within the institutional approach that could be of interest?
Any other concerns on OER initiatives, such as quality assurance of teaching and learning materials, pedagogical issues and accreditation, the importance (or not) of knowing what’s happening to content once its “out there” etc.