open forum discussion · ai industry robotics data mining pharmaceuticals green energies energy...
TRANSCRIPT
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Open Forum Discussion (10 – 15 mins)
1
Please share your jobs in high-tech and innovation.
What future job opportunities will there be?
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Future World and
Future Education (1)
Ms. Winnie Au Liberal Studies Panel Coordinator
12 October 2019
A Talk to Pre- G1 Parents Speaker’s
Copy
2
Prof. Rex Li Founder & Curriculum Director
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Objectives
3
1
2
3
4
To outline how technology changes society in the past 300 years.
To outline the changing generations and values of the last 50 years.
To give an overview of the shape of 21st century education.
To show how G.T. is matching the demands of future society.
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Outline
Part I The 4th Industrial Revolution
The Changing Generations and Society
21st Century Education
G.T. Education in 21st Century
Part II
Part III
Part IV
4
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The 4th Industrial Revolution*
01
5 Based on Schwab (2016), with substantial revision from author
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The 4th Industrial Revolution
German engineer and economist
Professor of business policy at the University of Geneva (1972-2002)
Founder and executive chairman of the World Economic Forum
By Klaus Schwab (2015) I
6
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ds
Energy Source
Coal
Main Technical Advance
Steam engine
Industry
Textile
Steel
Transport (communication)
Train Steamship (letters)
Problems
Low efficiency
1st Industrial Revolution (1760 – 1860)
Low transport efficiency of burning coal
7
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
1776
(1736 – 1819)
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Energy Source
Oil
Main Technical Advance
Internal combustion engine
Transport (communication)
Train Car
2nd Industrial Revolution (1860 – 1950)
Electricity
Industry
Metallurgy
Auto industry Airplane
(telegram, telephone)
Problems
Pollution
Health
Lead added to oil
Helps combustion engine efficiency
Lead particles in the air 8
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
Machine building
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3rd Industrial Revolution (1960 – 2000)
Energy Source
Natural gas
Main Technical Advance
Computer
Transport (communication)
Jet plane (fax/internet) Nuclear
energy
Industry
Auto industry
Problems
Safety
Energy depletion
9
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
Robots Chemistry
Chernobyl, Russia (1986)
Fukushima, Japan (2011)
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Transport (communication)
High-speed train (social media)
Main Technical Advance
Internet
3D printer
Genetic engineering
AI
Industry
Robotics
Data mining
Pharmaceuticals
Green energies
Energy Source
Problems
Controlled by machine algorithms
Unknown future
10
The 4th Industrial Revolution I 4th Industrial Revolution
(2000 - present)
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Uberisation
Immediate on-demand
Peer-to-peer transaction
De-intermediary function
11
The 4th Industrial Revolution I AI and GPS
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Robotics and AI
Receptionist
Chicken
Dancer
Fish Japanese Robots
12
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9vwZ5FQEUFg
(3’26)
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Present-day Applications
Military
Medical
Domestic
Agricultural
Hospital
Auto Industry
Heavy Industry 1
2
4
3
5
6 7
13
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Robotics and AI
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Cover of Times
(4 December 2017)
Jibo the PET Robot US$899 (Jibo.com)
14
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Robotics and AI
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The 4th Industrial Revolution I The 2nd Machine Age
Teachers grading essays
Erik Brynjolfsson & Andrew McAfee
(2014)
Stockbrokers matching deals
Drivers
Cognitive workers (white collar) will be replaced:
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Synthetic Biology
16
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
History Human Genome Project (1990 – 2003)
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Synthetic Biology
17
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual
(SBOL-V)
BioBricks (DNA sequences)
Genome Editing Tool (CRISPR)
E. Coli cells
How does it Work?
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Synthetic Biology
Introduced by Tom Knight of MIT (2003)
BioBricks Building blocks for genetic engineering
Restriction enzymes assembly standard
(G) (C)
(A) (T) 18
The 4th Industrial Revolution I
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Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL-V)
19
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Synthetic Biology
Genetic Editing
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Biosensor 1 New Proteins 2
New Drugs 3
New Materials 4
Pesticides Heavy metals Pollutants Pathogens Toxins
artificial bacteria to help detect:
Perfumes Leather Silk
20
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Synthetic Biology
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hEpVU3_KJqU
(2’15)
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Farmers
1st
Blue-collar workers
2nd
White-collar workers
3rd
Knowledge workers
4th
Consume workers
?
21
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Revolutions…
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22
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Jobs Prone to Automation
Probability Occupation to be replaced
0.99 Telemarketers
0.99 Tax Preparers
0.97 Host & Hostesses, Restaurant, Lounge, Coffee Shop
0.97 Real Estate Brokers
0.96 Secretaries & Administrators Assistants
0.94 Couriers & Messengers
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23
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Jobs Resistant to Automation
Probability Occupation to continue
0.0031 Mental Health, Substance Abuse Social Worker
0.0040 Choreographs
0.0042 Physicians & Surgeons
0.0043 Psychologists
0.0055 Human Resources Managers
0.0065 Computer System Analysts
0.0150 Chief Executives
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In the past 200 years, we see:
Creative destruction Repeated destruction of old jobs and creating new ones (Schumpeter 1942)
New, New, New
Technology drives society
new industry
new products
new materials
new life
Human-machine co-habitation
24
4
Social reorganization
The 4th Industrial Revolution I Conclusion
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Open Forum Discussion (10 – 15 mins)
25
Please share your jobs in high-tech and innovation.
What future job opportunities will there be?
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The Changing Generations and Society
02
26
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• “The Silent Revolution: Changing Values and Political Styles Among Western Publics”
• Ronald Inglehart (1977)
• Discovered a major intergenerational shift in the values of the populations of advanced industrial societies.
(1) Postmaterialism
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Materialism
Scarcity
Survival needs
Materialistic
Economic growth
Post-
Materialism
Abundance
Autonomy
Higher value
Self-expression
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(2) Generation Cohorts
1960-1980 1980-2000 2000-2010 2010-2025
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Personal
Characteristics
Social Context /
Media
Materialistic Meritocracy
Competitive Hard work ethic
Individualistic Tuned to established
media Moral Conventional
Personal
Characteristics
Social Context /
Media
Somewhat
materialistic
Globalization
Oriented to self Economic stability
Emergence of Internet
1960-1980
1980-2000
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• Their parents are Gen X
• 80% of them can receive higher education.
• The first generation of true digital natives.
• Very comfortable with collecting and cross-referencing many sources of information and with integrating virtual and offline experiences.
Generation Z (Born 2000-2010)
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• The most technological-infused demographic up to date.
• iGeneration: use smartphones and tablets naturally.
• They are not afraid of technology or touching buttons to learn what those buttons do.
Generation Alpha (Born 2010-2025)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iXFaajABy50 What Generation Alpha Has To Say About Technology - US
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https://www.campaignlive.co.uk/article/generation-alpha-better-spotting-fake-news-not-tech-dependent-study-finds/1588035
Beano Studios (UK) surveyed 2,000 parents and children.
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• knowledge is acquired by doing and experiencing
How to cope with the demands of Gen Alpha children?
Creating programs of study
that require deep learning.
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Learning Experience in G.T.
Environmental Assembly-Model UN Student Leaders Convention in Singapore
Game Booth Day Joint Schools Concert
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Gen Alpha children are the most connected, educated, and sophisticated generation ever.
Australia Immersion Programme
Biotechnology
Artificial Intelligence Experiments
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• “The Impulse Society: What’s Wrong with Getting What We Want”
• Paul Roberts (2014)
(3)The Impulse Society
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The Impulse Society
Rapidly
advancing technologies
Corrupted ideologies
Bottom-line
business ethics
Social Problems
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Impulsive
buying
Short-term
self-gratification
Sensual pleasure/stimulation
Self-interested
wants
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• Business exploits human impulsively and human wants for more consumption.
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• Political leaders reflexively choose short-term fixes over broad, sustainable social progress.
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• The capabilities of social media are influencing learning and teaching.
• Changing patterns in personal, commercial, and cultural interaction.
Introduction. (2016). In Greenhow C., Sonnevend J., & Agur C. (Eds.), Education and Social Media: Toward a Digital Future (pp. 1-8). MIT Press.
(4) Social interaction
10 Ways Social Media is Transforming our World: 1. Challenging the Status Quo 2. Changed by Exposure to Diversity 3. Support is Now Visible 4. Learn More from Each Other 5. Crowd Sourced Wisdom 6. Creativity and Inspiration is Unleashed 7. Increased Appreciation of the Unique and Handmade 8. Truth is Exposed 9. We are More Authentic 10. Anyone can Contribute
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The Changing Generations and Society II
A New Habitus is Forming
44
A similar pattern of manner, attitude, taste, habit, etc.
Formed by socialization
Cyber age new habitus of the youngsters
Habitus Pierre Bourdieu
(1930-2002)
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The Changing Generations and Society II
The Omnipresence of Internet
45
Social-mental Bond
Similar Mindsets Social media
Space
Cyber space
Mediator No delay No limit
Mary Chayko (1960-present)
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The Changing Generations and Society II
Internet and Social Relations
46
Presence anytime anywhere
Breaks barriers of distance
Sorting to meet similar minds
Post & feeds: daily life & interest
Link up
Cyber space parallel with physical world
Present without physical presence
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The Changing Generations and Society II
Social Media & Consumerism
47
For pleasure
Self-commodification
Low cost of building
No long-term bonding
Unstable, breakable
Social Relations
Zygmunt Bauman (1925-2017)
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The Future of Education?
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Tertiary Education in Moodle
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Lecture Video Lecture Notes Supplementary Graphics
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Supplementary Videos Practice Quiz Online Discussion
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Educational systems must adjust,
emphasizing information and
technological skills, rather than
production-based ones.
Digital future of Education
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new means of knowledge production and reception
new roles for learners and teachers
Digital future of Education
Role of Learners Role of teachers
Autonomy Monitor
Responsibility Draw the learners’ attention
Develop “inner criteria” and to
correct themselves
Facilitate students’
discoveries
Engage actively in learning
activities
Organize learning activities
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• Cloud computing
• Learning Analytics
• Game-based Learning
• Open Content
• Mobile Learning
• Personalized Learning
Environments
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=JZlgYiXzu58 What Will Schools Look Like in the Future?
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Skills that Gen Alpha children have to learn
Ways of Thinking
1. Creativity and innovation
2. Critical thinking, problem
solving, decision making
3. Learning to learn,
Metacognition
Ways of Working
4. Communication
5. Collaboration (teamwork)
Tools for Working
6. Information literacy
7. ICT literacy
Living in the World
8. Citizenship – local and global
9. Life and career
10. Personal and social
responsibility (cultural
awareness and competence)
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What Are 21st Century Skills?
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Reference List
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