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OPEN SOURCE SOLUTIONFOR

e-GOVERNANCE

Presented By:Mr. Vikram Singh

Asst. Prof., Department of IT,JECRC, Jodhpur.

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Outline What Open Source mean?

Types of Software

Free software – it is a matter of liberty, not price.

Open Source : Pros & Cons

Open Source limitations

FOSS Development Process model

Open Source & e-Governance

Why Open source is better for e-Governance?

Hurdles in the growth of open source.

Open Source In the Future

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What Open Source mean?

Open source software (OSS) means the source code of the software is open for viewing and editing. The users have the freedom to edit the source code, rename it and use it as they wish. This is contrary to proprietary software, which does not allow the buyers/users to look at the source code.

OOS can be priced.

Free Software (FOSS) – not priced at all.

The similarity between the two is that both OSS and free software enable the users to view and modify the software code.

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Types of Software

Free Software – free as in free speech Proprietary Software – restricted use, hidden

source code Open Source Software – with source code Freeware – free as in free lunch

Source Code

Open Closed

PRICE

P>0 Open Source (OSS)

Proprietary

P=0 Free &Open Source (FOSS)

Freeware Or Shareware

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FOSS : It is matter of liberty not price.

Software is “free” if it provides all four freedoms:

Freedom 0: The freedom to run the program for any purpose.

Freedom 1: The freedom to study and modify the program.

Freedom 2: The freedom to copy the program so you can help your neighbour.

Freedom 3: The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits.

FOSS – Free & Open Source Software

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Characteristic of open source software

Based on open standards Community driven Interoperable Innovative Localized Shared Ownership

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Closed Vs Open Software

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FOSS Community Interaction

UsersDevelopers

Business

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Proprietary Software Model

Developers, Architects, Project Managers

Business: Purchasers

End Users

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Open Source Benefits

Business model relies on service fees not license fees.

Open Source is community driven and community serving

Proprietary formats leads to vendor lock-in. what if vendor

collapsed? Charge too much? Monopoly?

Software should be a commodity.

Greater independence from companies.

Customizable – community can develop their own add-ons. 80-20 Rule Applies to Open Source Also: -- 80% code of open source software is written by

self motivated individual developers, voluntarily .

20% code is written key developers/Project Leaders.

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Open Source Benefits Con’d

Interoperability

Software is better when it is transparent.

No hidden elements.

Secure –Nothing is left open for system vulnerability.

Microsoft itself uses Linux server to protect its online

operations.

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Open Source Disadvantage

Proprietary software has more features and more user friendly. Difficult to integrate with proprietary software. Lack of service & support. Some open source solution not mature enough & continue to

improve. Compatibility issues.

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Open Source & e-Governance

(By the people , for the people)

MADE FOR EACH OTHER

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Why Open Source is better for e-Governance Economical – Localization support- Lack of internet connectivity. Powering e-Governance Better Security – No need to install anti-virus Independence from western companies –

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Economic

India’s per capita income is INR 26,430($600), while personal computer costs INR 10,000($227) and proprietary software & office productivity costs approximately INR 11,000 ($250).

A Cost comparison :

Proprietary software Open Source Alternative

Windows XP – INR 7500 to 9000

Microsoft Office – INR 20,000

Microsoft SQL database Server –

INR 50,000 + (For small business)

Up to 10 crores (For enterprise use)

Linux(redhat,fedora,ubuntu etc.)

OpenOffice by Sun Microsystem

PostGresql, MySQL etc.

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Localization

Localization play a major role in adoption, as government can use technology to communicate to citizens in their own language.

Red hat Enterprise Linux Desktop is available in 11 Indian languages – Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Hindi, kannada, Malayalam, Marathi, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil and talugu.

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POWERING e-GOVERNANCE

In the area of e-Governance, the government spending on software development can be made more efficient if it adopts the open source model that promotes the sharing of software code. Government departments across different states have the same requirements and instead of each government department developing separate programmes for the same task, they could share the same code base and make minor changes to suit the needs of each state.

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Security

Since e-Governance software uses citizens personal data, there must be a efficient Provision of efficient security measures.

Collaborative nature of open source development ensure better security. As the source can be evaluated, vetted & fixed by the open source community. System vulnerabilities often discovered by the community itself not by hackers.

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In the Future

Right now there are more software users than programmers

Programming is getting easier all the time. Eventually most people will have learned programming to some extent.

The demand for open source will increase along with the increasing population of consumers who can read and manipulate code.

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THANK YOU

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FOSS Software Development Process Model Lose (global) community of developers Existence of a strong project leader but fluid structure Uses incremental development, frequent releases Requires code management and bug management system Developers offer free services, are self-motivated Often involves a global effort, code exchange via Internet Uses open source tools