opening discussion (3/14/11)
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Opening Discussion (3/14/11). How do the Germanic traditions and customs differ from the Roman traditions and customs? Why is the relationship between the Franks and the Roman Christian Church so vital for each side? - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Opening Discussion (3/14/11)• How do the Germanic traditions and customs differ from the
Roman traditions and customs? • Why is the relationship between the Franks and the Roman
Christian Church so vital for each side?• How does the Frankish tradition of splitting territory among all
sons cause problems for the Merovingian and Carolingian Kingdoms of the Franks?
ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS FOR TODAY’S LESSON1. Feudalism is a political structure that relies on agreements
among rulers and the people that they rule.2. Manorialism is an economic and social structure based upon
farming, self-sufficiency, and the local authority of nobles and lords.
Opening Discussion (3/16/11)ENDURING UNDERSTANDINGS FOR TODAY’S LESSON1. Feudalism is a political structure that relies on agreements
among rulers and the people that they rule.2. Manorialism is an economic and social structure based
upon farming, self-sufficiency, and the local authority of nobles and lords.
3. Social Structures of Civilizations rely on a large amount of people supporting the lifestyle and needs of a small minority.
Put your HW in the black tray on the middle tableQUIZ HAS BEEN MOVED BACK ONE CLASS PERIODReview will be posted online tonight
• Terms to know:1. Fief – piece of land granted by a king or lord to a lesser
noble2. Vassal – Title of person who receives a “fief” from a lord
or noble3. Primogeniture – the practice of passing all property
from the father to the eldest son4. Investiture – formal ceremony in which a lord grants
land to his vassal to govern and use• Usually comes with a symbolic object too (sword, shield, etc..)
5. Serf – lowest class in feudal society and was tied to the land they worked (owned nothing)
6. Manorialsim – Economic structure of the Feudal Society – based upon manors that produced food through agriculture and self-sufficient.
The Feudal System• Political Structure of Middle Ages in Europe• Based upon feudal contracts and obligations • Characteristics:
– Loyalty– Service– Social Hierarchies– Protection
• “Fiefs” could be granted by kings/lords to the Roman Church in order to get favors from them– gave church officials large amount of land/property
during the Middle Ages
Knights
Barons/Lords
King KING
Baron/Lord or other Nobles
Knight Knight
Church Official
Monastery or Church
Manor
On the Bottom of this were the Peasants and Serfs. They worked on the manor and provided food and services to the lords of their manors
Obligations of the Feudal System
Kings/Lords provided Vassals with:1. Fiefs – grants of
land2. Protection when
needed3. Settles disputes
between vassals
Lords provided Vassals with:1. Allegiance (known as
homage)2. Tribute – money or goods3. Military service when
needed (knights)4. Hospitality and other
services
Vassals provide peasants/serfs on their manor with:1. Land to farm and
make living off of2. Military protection
against invasion3. Economic security
and stability in bad times
Peasants/Serfs provide vassals with:1. Labor/Service for certain
needs of the manor2. Help in defending manor
when needed3. Labor on the land of the
Lord (Lord’s Domain = 1/3 of the manor’s farming land)
MANORIALISM= ECONOMIC SYSTEM OF THE MIDDLE AGES
The Manor system is the economic system of the Middle Ages. Manors usually had a castle or fort and people migrated to these for protection. Every manor had to be self sufficient in order to survive (lack of trade).
Every Manor consisted of:1. A large estate that
included the manor house (lords home)
2. Pastures (for livestock – ex – sheep, cattle)
3. Fields for agriculture (farming)
4. A village (for the peasants) with a church, artisan buildings, and other various buildings
• Self-sufficient – Basically had to be able to produce everything they needed on the Manor– they had to be able to produce
their own food, clothing and leather goods
• Usually found on a manor was:– Blacksmith– Carpenter– Shoemaker– Miller to grind grain– Vintner (wine maker)– Brewer
THE LORD’S DOMAIN• Typically in a manor
the lord kept 1/3 of the land himself.– Called his Domain– He controls the
manor and settles disputes
– He is the ruler and his word was usually final
FARMING ON THE MANOR• Manor was usually located near a stream or river
– Provided water for crops and power for a mill• Land that was used for farming was split into three fields
– Only two fields were planted and one was left fallow, or unplanted
People who could be found on a
Manor
BARONS AND LORDS
• Received fief (land) in exchange for service to King
• Controlled large amounts of land• Lived on a Manor• Provided income and soldiers to
King• Serfs & Peasants worked the
land in exchange for security and protection– Provided food, services, & clothing
for the Lord
Clergy• Served a Lord and the Manor• Lived in monasteries or
churches on Manor• Focused on serving the church• Received support from the
Lord’s Manor–Lord, Knights, & Serfs provided needs
Knights• Received land from
Lord in exchange for fighting
• Starting training as a Paige at age of 7-8
• Became Squire at 13-14
• Knighthood at 18 years old
• Lived by code of Chivalry
PEASANTS AND SERFS• Peasants had their own
strip of land in each field– Paid the lord for the use of
the land with crops or bread– Provide many types of labor
including road, bridge or building repairs
– Could not leave the manor without the Lord’s permission
– Not allowed to hunt anywhere near the manor
– Serfs owned nothing….