#opentourism - linked open data publishing and discovery workshop

#openbelgium15 #opentourism

A community supporting Digital Creativity in Tourism

Cause and contextRaf Buyle - Open Knowledge

@rafke #opentourism

WHAT

IF…Imagine we could use the same services in different places around the world without the need for searching new service providers or new apps...

WHAT

ISInformation often can't be reused without analizing the data or building expensive custom connectors

WHATCOULDBE?

Linked Open Data aims to connect these solitary pieces of information to other data sources on the web.

WHATSHOULDWE DO?

we need more Open Data and a common language for machine readable touristic information.

Joined forces with ‘sustainable mobile tourism guides’, Thomas More - iMinds

shared vision:“Open Standard

for Tourism” VocabularyOntologies are expected to enable

computers to process information “much more effectively in ways that are useful

and meaningful to the human user” (Berners-Lee, Hendler, and Lassila 2001).

User Group 40+ actors: SME’s, NPO’s involved in culture and tourism activities, representatives from

the provinces and of the major cities in Flanders

priorities both as data producer and as data

consumer

“After defining the scope of each sub-

domain we organized working groups. Each group was responsible to work out their sub-domain in detail in terms of domain

modeling”

Data in line with the Open Tourism specifiction

The West Flanders tourism organization was

the first to bring their data inline with the specification

Open Tourism hackathon

🗸 DATA 🗸 TOOLS 🗸 APP’S 🗸 FEEDBACK

http://www.mobielegidsen.be/hackathon/

From ad-hoc activity to a solid community

Our mission is to “support digital creativity concerning tourism" and to host the “Open Standard for Tourism” Vocabulary, which is a reusable Ontology for describing tourism data.

Join the Community Meeting, March 5, 2016 Mechelen

Release Open Tourism Communty Site

● Mailing list● Tools and resources● The Open Standard for Tourism Ecosystems Data Specification ● News on the upcoming events

Join our community! tourism.openknowledge.be

Vision and strategy…

● Bring The Open Tourism vocabulary at an international level

● Build a bridge to interoperability programme of the Flemish Government, “Open Standards for Linked Governments”.

● First step - March 3 our work and vision

will be presented at the International e-Gov Conference in Montevideo.

What you really should remember from this talk:

● Semantic collaboration is going to be a cornerstone of the next generation tourism applications

● semantic standards are a katalysator for better services and Open Data.

● The Open Tourism vocabulary exist http://w3id.org/ost/spec

● You’re welcome to join our community!http://tourism.openknowledge.be

Getting started with the Open Tourism Specification

Bruno KoninckxTHOMAS MORE

@brunokon #opentourism

Which domains are covered (for now)?➔ Offering

What? By whom?

➔ AvailabilityWhere? When?

➔ Experience How?

➔ Demand

Offering

Availability

Experience

Demand

AvailabilityDemand

Offering

ExperienceOffering

Demand

Offering

Specificationshttp://w3id.org/ost/spec

Questions, remarks, issues on the domain model and specifications via:

https://github.com/openknowledgebe/tourism/issues

Publising and ConsumingLinked Tourism Data

Anastasia Dimou - iMinds - Data Science Lab

@natadimou #opentourism

RML.ioGenerating High Quality

Linked Open Datafrom Open or Not Data

Anastasia DimouData Science Lab, Ghent University - iMinds

[email protected] @natadimou

What is the Semantic Web?

The Semantic Web is the extension of the World Wide Web

Are you the owner of your data?

OR

is the application that hosts your data?


enables sharing content beyond the boundaries of applications & websites

the Web for humans, thanks to HTML,is understandable & constant

BUT

is the Web for machines too?


enables sharing content beyond the boundaries of applications & websites

allows machines to understand the meaning of hyperlinked information

Semantic Web enabled applicationsrely on data represented as Linked Data

What is Linked (Open) Data?

Linked (Open) Data

a standardized way of expressing the relationships between data

Linked (Open) Data


semantically annotated the datawith different vocabularies or ontologies

Linked (Open) Data


semantically annotated the datawith different vocabularies or ontologies

describe domain-level knowledgeunderstandable by humans & machines

Where does Linked Data come from?

Linked (Open) Data is often derived from originally

heterogeneous (semi-)structured data

Linked Open Data from Not Open Data

Linked Open Data from Not Open Datafrom Open Data

Linked Open Data from Not Open Datafrom Open Datafrom their combination

How is Open Data published?

The DataTankopen source RESTful data management system

The DataTankopen source RESTful data management system

enables publishing data into web readable formats

read the data and publish them on the web using a URI as an identifier.

The DataTanksupported data formats

CSV and XLSXMLJSON(-LD)SHPRDFMySQLSPARQL

How is Linked (Open) Data published?

Linked (Open) Data published in the form of RDF datasets

Resource Description Framework (RDF)is the prevalent data model for describing Linked (Open) Data


predicatesubject object


driven by unique identifiers (URIs)



driven by unique identifiers (URIs)allows establishing a shared meaning


How is Linked Data derived from (semi-)structured data?

How is Linked Data derivedfrom (semi-)structured data?

id firstname lastname lab city1 Anastasia Dimou DSLab Ghent

2 Ruben Verborgh DSLab Ghent

3 Erik Mannens DSLab Ghent

labelPerson 1 Data Science Labworks

“Anastasia Dimou”

locatedDataScience Lab Ghent

label

Person 2 Data Science Labworks

“Ruben Verborgh”

label

Person 3 DataScience Labworks

“Erik Mannens”

label

Person {id}

{lab}works

Assign unique identifiers (URIs)

“{firstname} {surname}”

label

Person {id}

{lab}works

Assign unique identifiers (URIs)


labelhttp:://

ex.com{id}

http://ex.com{lab}works


Annotate data relationships with ontologies

labelhttp:://

ex.com{id}



Annotate data relationships with ontologies

labelhttp:://

ex.com{id}



rdfs:labelhttp:://

ex.com{id}

http://ex.com{lab}ex:works


rdfs:label

ex:1 ex:DSLabex:works

“Anastasia Dimou”

ex:locatedex:DSLab ex:Ghent

rdfs:label


“Ruben Verborgh”

rdfs:label


“Erik Mannens”

rdfs:label

ex:{id}

ex:{lab}

ex:works

ex:locatedex:{lab} ex:{city}

sets of triples of a dataset have repetitive patterns


rdfs:label

ex:{id}

ex:{lab}

ex:works

sets of triples of a dataset have repetitive patterns


RDF dataset generation tools rely their implementation on repetitively applying those patterns to input data

ex:locatedex:{lab} ex:{city}

What are the different Linked Data Generation approaches?

Linked Data generation approachescase-specific solutions

Linked Data generation approachescase-specific solutions ORformat and source specific

Data OWNER / PUBLISHER

CSV JSONXML

RDF RDF RDF

R2RML mappings R2RML processor


defines

RDF

DB CSV JSONXML

RDF RDF RDF

RDF Terms (focusing on IRIs) are…

generated independentlydisregarding their possible prior definitions

manually replicatedby reconstructing the same URIs (if possible)

manually aligned afterwardslinks with other datasets are defined after the RDF terms are published

Why not a uniform approach?

Uniform and declarative RDF generation from heterogeneous data sources

mappings processor


defines

RDF

DB CSV JSONXML RDF

RDF Mapping Language (RML)

generic scalable mapping languagefor generating and interlinking RDF data from heterogeneous resourcesin an integrable and interoperable fashion

superset of the W3C standardized R2RML mapping language

http://rml.io

Uniform and declarative RDF generation from heterogeneous data sources

RML mappings processor


defines

RDF

DB CSV JSONXML RDF

Defining Mappings to generate Linked Data

Retrieving Input Data

Editing Mappings

RML describeshow to generated RDFfrom structured data




Predicate MapSubject Map Object Map



Predicate MapSubject Map Object Map

<#TriplesMap>

rr:constant

rdfs:label

rr:constant ex:works

rr:constantex:located

rr:template “http://ex.com/{lab}” rr:template “http://ex.com/{city}”

rr:template “http://ex.com/{id}”

rr:template “http://ex.com/{lab}”

rr:template “{firstname} {surname}”rr:termType rr:Literal


@prefix rr: <http://www.w3.org/ns/r2rml#>

rr:constant

rdfs:label


rr:constant ex:locatedrr:template “http://ex.com/{lab}” rr:template “http://ex.com/{city}”



<#ResearcherMap>

<#LabMap>

rr:template “{firstname} {surname}”rr:termType rr:Literal


Extraction Module Mapping Module

RML Processor


Editing Mappings


RML describesrules to map any structured data to RDF

RML supports any data independently ofwhich structure and format they havewhere they originally residehow they are accessed & retrieved

Specifying datawhich data form a data inputhow to reference data input extracts

Accessing & Retrieving datadata input from original source(s)

Support data in Heterogeneous Structurestabular-structured

hierarchical-structured

(semi-)structured

… … …

Support data in Heterogeneous Structures and Formatstabular-structured

tables in DBs or CSV files …

hierarchical-structured JSON or XML …

(semi-)structuredHTML …

… … …

rr:constant

rdfs:label




<#ResearcherMap> rr:template “{firstname} {surname}”rr:termType rr:Literal

id firstname surname lab1 Anastasia Dimou DSLab

2 Ruben Verborgh DSLab

3 Erik Mannens DSLab

tabular-structured data

rr:constant ex:locatedrr:template “http://ex.com/{/labs/lab/short}”

rr:template “http://ex.com/{/labs/lab/location/city}”

<#LabMap>

<labs> <lab> <short>MMLab</short> <title>Multimedia Lab</title> <location> <city>Ghent</city> </location> </lab> <lab> …. </lab> …</labs>

hierarchical-structured data

Specifying datawhich data form a data inputhow to reference data input extracts

Accessing & Retrieving datadata input from original source(s)

Input data

Input data

Input data

Output RDF

Mapping module

RML Processor

Map doc

Data source

Access interface

Input data

Input data

Input data

Output RDF

Mapping module

RML Processor

Map doc

Data source

Access interface

Data source

Access interface

Retrieval module

Source description

Support different Locations and Access InterfacesLocal File(s)

Database connectivity

Web source(s)

RDF source(s)

Support different Locations and Access InterfacesLocal File(s)

Database connectivityD2RQ

Web source(s) (Web API/service)DCAT, CSVW, Hydra, VOiD (Dataset)

RDF source(s)VOiD (Endpoint), SPARQL-SD

file.xml

WEB APIDCAT

XML data

JSON data

tabular data

Output RDF

Mapping module

RML Processor

Map doc

Data repo

WEB API Hydra

Data base

JDBCD2RQ

Retrieval module

Source description

Triplestore

SPARQL



Editing Mappings

Semantic Web experts Vs. Data specialists


Modeling Domain Knowledge as Linked (Open) Data is not straightforward for Data Specialists


Modeling Domain Knowledge as Linked (Open) Data is not straightforward for Data Specialists

Data context is not straightforward for Semantic Web experts


Data Specialists should be able to specify the mappings,modify and extend them at any time


Editing Mappings


The five stars of the Linked Open Data schemeshould not be approached as a set of consecutive steps

Well-considered policy regarding mapping and interlinking of data in the context of a certain knowledge domain

GEO > OPEN

Geraldine Nolf Flemish Information Agency

@natadimou #opentourism

> Geographical data in Flanders▪ Must follow its obligations, regulations, standards, …

> F.e. SDI-Flanders partnership (decree, implementing decree, commandments, …)

> MUST’s for describing metadata:

▪ ISO > 19115 (datasets/series), 19119 (services), 19139 (implementation), 19110 (feature catalogue)

▪ INSPIRE > Directive: Implementing Rules on Metadata + Technical Guidelines on Metadata

▪ SDI-Flanders > Best Practices on Metadata v1.0 (metadata for datasets, dataset series, services, feature catalogues)

▪ OGC / INSPIRE> Catalogue Service for the Web (OGC Catalogue Services Specification 2.0.2) = Discovery Service (INSPIRE) =

Zoekdienst (SDI-Flanders)

> Geoportal: http://www.geopunt.be

The way to open geographical data in Flanders?

Geo > Open 109

http://www.geopunt.be/

> Open data Portal in Flanders:▪SHOULD follow its manual

> SHOULD HAVE’s for describing metadata: ▪DCAT-AP

> Portal: http://opendata.vlaanderen.be/ ▪CKAN


Geo > Open 110

> So, do I have to describe my data on both portals?

> The power of metadata: ▪Describe it only once, ▪Create multiple use


Geo > Open 111

1


Geo > Open 112

> Follow the SDI-track to describe metadata (MUST)▪Appear on http://www.geopunt.be▪AND appear on http://opendata.vlaanderen.be/

> Because of:▪ Set keyword “Open data in Flanders” in the metadata record

▪ Via CSW harvest of Geopunt metadata

▪ With filter on keyword “Open data in Flanders”

▪ Mapping to DCAT (XSLT: ISO 19139 to DCAT)

▪ Mapping to CKAN

http://www.geopunt.be/

Geo > Open 113

Open Discussion

Bruno KoninckxTHOMAS MORE

@brunokon #opentourism

Open Discussion

Anastasia@natadimou

Raf@rafke

Bruno@BrunoKon

Join our community! http://tourism.openknowledge.be

#opentourism |raf{dot}buyle{at}okfn{dot}be

A world where knowledge creates power for the many, not the few.A world where data frees us — to make informed choices about how we live, what we buy and who gets our vote.A world where information and insights are accessible — and apparent — to everyone.This is the world we choose

#openbelgium16 #opentourism

#opentourism - linked open data publishing and discovery workshop

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