OPERATION CORONA

BORDER SAFEGUARDING

7 March 2011

Ministry Of Defence

AIM

TO BRIEF THE DEFENCE WEB BORDER CONTROL 2011 CONFERENCE ON THE

MOD AND SANDF APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING ALSO

DETAILING THE CURRENT STATUS

SCOPE

ORIENTATIONSTRATEGIC APPROACHMANDATEOPERATIONALISATION OF THE STRATEGIC CONCEPT

ORIENTATION & APPROACH

FREE STATE/LESOTHO: 445 Km

KZN/MOZ: 76 Km

RSA/ZIM: 214 Km

RSA/MOZ: 417 Km

TOTAL LAND BORDER PRIORITY 1 : 2,058 Km

TOTAL LAND BORDER PRIORITY 2 : 2,413 Km

TOTAL LAND BORDER: 4,471 Km

TOTAL MARITIME BORDER: 2,798 Km

TOTAL AIR BORDER: 7,660 Km

ORIENTATION: RSA BORDERS

KZN/LESOTHO: 232 Km

EC/LESOTHO: 247 Km

KZN/SWAZILAND: 137 Km

MPU/SWAZILAND: 290 Km

RSA/BOT: 1516 Km

RSA/NAM: 897 Km

APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING

BORDER SAFEGUARDING

LAND

AIRSPACE

MARITIME

EXCLUDE PORTS OF

ENTRY

AD HOC SUPPORT IS NOT

EXCLUDED. COORDINATED THROUGH THE

BMA

GOVERNMENTAL ROLE PLAYERS

BORDERMANAGEMENT

Dept ofHomeAffairs

Dept of Health

Dept ofTransport

Dept ofAgriculture

SAPS

Ministry ofState

Security

Dept of Works

Dept ofTourism

SANDF

APPROACH TO BORDER SAFEGUARDING (Cont)

OPERATING ENVIRONMENT

ADVERSARY

MAGNITUDE OF BORDERS

MULTI-DEPARTMENTAL (BMA)

LEGAL ASPECTS & MANDATE

CONSTITUTION

DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RSA (JFE STRATEGY)

COMMON LAND,AIR AND MARITIME BORDERS WITH 6X NEIGHBOURS

SANDF DOCTRINE & MAIN EQUIPMENT (CONVENTIONAL)

CABINET MEMORANDUM 18/2009

BORDERSAFEGUARDING IS A LOGICAL EXTENSION OF THE DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF THE RSA.

FORCE STRUCTURES ARE TO BE TAILORED FOR THE FUNCTION (ie COMPOSITE COY CONCEPT)

MANDATE: SECTION 18(1)d OF THE DEFENCE ACT. ALSO PROVIDES POWERS OF SEARCH, SEIZE, DETAIN AND ARREST TO SANDF (POLICE ACT 68 OF 1005)

REGIONAL COOPERATION IS CRITICAL

SANDF IS TO BECOME THE LEAD DEPARTMENT FOR BORDER SAFEGUARDING

INTERDEPARTMENTAL COOPERATION WILL BE CRITICAL. BORDER SAFEGUARDING IS NOT A “ONE DEPARTMENT GAME”

BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATIONS TO BE CONDUCTED IN DEPTH (EXTENDED BORDER AREA). MISION AREAS TO BE PROCLAIMED.

THE CONDUCT OF “NON-WARFIGHTING” MISSIONS DURING PEACE TIME

THE MANNER IN WHICH THE LAND, AIR AND MARITIME BORDER AREAS ARE MANAGED WILL BE A DETERMINING FACTOR CONTRIBUTING TO DOMESTIC SAFETY, SECURITY AND STABILITY.

INCIDENTS CONSTITUTE A CRIME SCENE. WILL REQUIRE A HIGH DEGREE OF SAPS COOPERATION AND APPROPRIATE TRG AND EQUIPMENT FOR OWN FORCES (NON-LETHAL CAPABILITIES)

COOPERATIVE APPROACH AND APPROPRIATE COORDINATION MECHANISM TO BE DEVELOPED BETWEEN THE SANDF AND THE BMA

BORDERSAFEGUARDING IS A PRIORITY TASK OF A PERMANENT NATURE. THE SANDF IS TO STRUCTURE, BUDGET AND DEVELOP CAPABILITIES ACCORDINGLY

“BERLIN WALL” APPROACH NOT VIABLE. MUST IMPLEMENT A MOBILE CONCEPT

SANDF STRATEGY

BORDER SAFEGUARDING: STRATEGY

DETECTION: Enhancement of situational awareness and identification of threats.

PREPARATION: Preparation and implementation of strategies, interdepartmental cooperation, capability development etc. (Maneuver at the operational/tactical level)

RESPONSE: The institution of both defensive and offensive measures to control, contain and/or neutralise the threat.

LAND, AIR & MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING, AS A COMPONENT OF THE DEFENCE OF THE TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY AND SOVEREIGNTY OF THE RSA (DOMESTIC DEFENCE LAYER), WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF A NATIONAL BORDER SAFEGUARDING STRATEGY AND IN PURSUANCE OF NATIONAL STRATEGIC OBJECTIVES AND AS REGULATED BY THE RULE OF LAW, CONSTITUTES THE CONTINUOUS AND UNINTERRUPTED EMPLOYMENT OF TAILORED MILITARY CAPABILITIES IN IDENTIFIED MISSION AREAS, IN COOPERATION WITH OTHER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS, AS COORDINATED BY APPLICABLE NATIONAL AND PROVINCIAL LEVEL MECHANISMS, TO EFFECT BORDER SAFEGUARDING

TENETS

BORDER SAFEGUARDING STRATEGY: REQUIRED END RESULT

DETERRENCE is effected CONTROL is exercised Adversarial situations are

CONTAINED

STRATEGY

PREPARATION (MANEUVRE)

DETECTION

RESPONSE

STRATEGIC MISSION

“JOINT AND INTERDEPARTMENTAL EMPLOYMENT OF FORCES TO ENFORCE STATE AUTHORITY IN THE LAND, AIR AND MARITIME BORDER DOMAINS IN SUPPORT

OF NATIONAL SECURITY OBJECTIVES”

MANDATE

The SANDF will be deployed ito the Defence Act 42 of 2002 Section 18(1)(d) which states that:

“In addition to the employment of the Defence Force by the President as contemplated in section 201 (2) of the

Constitution, the President or the Minister may authorise the employment of the Defence Force for

service inside the Republic or in international waters, in order to effect national border control”.

MANDATE (Cont)

Ito of Section 20(1) of the Defence Act 42 of 2002, SANDF members, whilst so employed” have the same powers and duties as SAPS members under

section 13(6) of the Police Act

The above allows for members of the SANDF to arrest, detain, seize and search with the provision as stated in Section 20(2) of the Defence Act 42 of 2002 that: “A member of the Defence Force who arrests or detains any person or seizes any article or object must as soon as possible hand that person, article

or object over to a police official or any other appropriate functionary designated by a relevant law”.

LANDWARD BORDER SAFEGUARDING

LANDWARD ROLL-OUT PLAN2010/11 TO 2014/15

PONTDRIFTMUSINA

MACADAMIA

-4x SUB UNITS

-2x ENGR TPs (NABOB)

11

1

1

1

PHASE 1 (2010/11)

NDUMO

1

PONTDRIFT

MUSINA

MACADAMIA

NDUMO

SANDRIVER

WEPENER

-7x SUB UNITS

-2x ENGNR TPs (NABOB)

MA HQ

1

1 1

2

2

1

PHASE 2 (2011/12)

PONGOLA

2

MA HQ

MA HQ

PHASE 3 (2012/13)PONTDRIFT

MUSINA

MACADAMIA

NDUMO

SANDRIVER

WEPENER

12x SUB UNITS

MA HQ

1

1 1

2

2

1

PONGOLA

2

MA HQ

MA HQ

ZONSTRAAL 3

FOURIESBURG

3

MALUTI

3

MADIMBO 3

MA HQ

MA HQ

LUNDINS NEK3

MA HQ

PHASE 4 (2013/14)PONTDRIFT

MUSINA

MACADAMIA

NDUMO

SANDRIVER

WEPENER

17x SUB UNITS

MA HQ

1

1 1

2

2

1

PONGOLA

2

MA HQ

MA HQ

ZONSTRAAL 3

FOURIESBURG

3

MALUTI

3

MADIMBO 3

MA HQ

UPPER TUGELLA

4

SWARTWATER

4

MAFIKENG 4

VIOOLSDRIFT4

MA HQ

MA HQ

LUNDINS NEK3

HIMEVILLE

-ALEXANDER BAY

-ONSEEPKANS

KLEIN RUSTENBURG

-KOPFONTEIN

-SKILPADSHEK

MA HQ

MA HQ

PHASE 5 (2014/15)PONTDRIFT

MUSINA

MACADAMIA

NDUMO

SANDRIVER

WEPENER

22x SUB UNITS

MA HQ

1

1 1

2

2

1

PONGOLA

2

MA HQ

MA HQ

ZONSTRAAL 3

FOURIESBURG

3

MALUTI

3

MADIMBO 3

MA HQ

UPPER TUGELLA4

SWARTWATER 4

MAFIKENG 4

VIOOLSDRIFT4

MA HQ

MA HQ

PIET RETIEF

PUNDA MARIA

5

5

LUNDINS NEK3

HIMEVILLE

ROOIBOKKRAAL

5

BRAY

5

ASHKAM

5

MA HQ

-ALEXANDER BAY

-ONSEEPKANS

KLEIN RUSTENBURG

-KOPFONTEIN

-SKILPADSHEK

-STEENBOKPAN

-BATAVIA

-MOKOPONG

-BOSHOEK

-MIDDELPUTS

-NAKOPMA HQ

RESULTS: FY 2010/11INCIDENTS NORTHERN

KZN/ MOZAMBIQUE

LIMPOPO/ ZIMBABWE

MPUMALANGA/ MOZAMBIQUE

TOTAL

HAND WEAPONS 5 2 3 10

DAGGA (KG) 210.3 13 18.1 241.40

TIK 138 138

COPPER (KG) 12 451 483

CATTLE 1 20 21

SMALL STOCK 58 2 60

ILLEGAL FOREIGNERS

254 13414 5969 19641

STOLEN VEHICLES 4 1 16 22

CRIMINALS ARRESTED

73 69 249 400

CONTRABAND VALUE

R 61,647,128-00

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: DEFINITION

Constitutes the air space directly above South African territory as demarcated by its land and maritime borders up to a height where an aircraft is no longer able to derive support from the atmosphere (30,000 meters)

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDINGMANDATE

36TH AMENDMENT OF THE CIVIL AVIATION REGULATIONS OF 1997 (GOVERNMENT

GAZETTE no 32042)

(1) No person shall institute in-flight surveillance, give an interception signal in connection with or give an instruction to land a civilian aircraft suspected to be in contravention of the Act except:

(a) On instruction by the Minister, the Commissioner, an authorized officer or person designated in terms of section 5(4) of the Act, or

(b) If the person is a member of the SAPS or SANDF acting within the scope of his/her duties; and

(c) The in-flight surveillance, interception signal or instruction to land is in the public interest

Presidential/Ministerial Employment Papers

Complementary to Section 18(1)d of the

Defence Act 42 of 2002

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING:CONCEPT

DURING THE SHORT AND MEDIUM TERM, THE CONCEPT WILL CONSIST OF THE AD HOC DAY/NIGHT EMPLOYMENT OF LANDWARD ASSETS (SAAF/SA ARMY) TO CONDUCT SURVEILLANCE OF THE AIR

DIMENSION (AIR PICTURE COMPILATION) AND THE AIRBORNE MONITOR/INTERCEPT OF TRANSGRESSORS. DEPLOYMENTS WILL

BE MOBILE COVERING AREAS AS INDICATED BY INTELLIGENCE AND WILL PRIMARILY FOCUS ON THE AIR BORDER AREAS

BETWEEN THE RSA AND ITS NEIGHBOURS. THE SANDF WILL BE THE OPERATIONAL LEAD IN THE AIR AND FOR THE COMPILATION OF THE AIR PICTURE. APPLICABLE GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

WILL BE RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY FURTHER ACTION ON THE GROUND.

THE AIR SPACE CONTROL CONCEPT AS DEVELOPED FOR OP KGWELE IS TO BE TAILORED FOR OP CORONA

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: MISSION AREA

RADAR DETECTION AREA

INTERNAL DETECTION AREA

RESPONSE & MANEUVRE AREA

BORDER AREA LANDWARD DETECTION

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING: SHORT/MEDIUM TERM CONCEPT

PROVIDE AIR PICTURE (DETECTION) SAAF: TACTICAL MOBILE RADAR

SA ARMY: KAMEELPERD SYSTEM

INDUSTRY: SPIDER RADAR

SAAF/ATNS PRIMARY SEARCH RADAR

RESPONSE REACTION A/C

FORCE DOWN AIRFIELDS

OTHER DEPARTMENTS

COMMAND AND CONTROL J OP HQ/AFCP

INTERDEPARTMENTAL

JOINT TACTICAL HQs

DETECTION AREA

RESPONSE & MANEUVRE AREA

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11: MISSION AREA

Swartwater

Alldays

MussinaPafuri

Louis Trichardt

Polokwane

23 Degree Latitude South

Zimbabwe

Botswana

Mozambique

360 km

100 km

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11

TEMPORARY RESTRICTED AIRSPACE WAS DECLARED FROM LATITUDE S23°00’00” NORTHWARD EXTENDING TO THE NATIONAL BORDER OF THE REPUBLIC OF SOUTH AFRICA, FROM GND TO UNL

ALL AIRCRAFT TO ENTER OR EXIT RSA ACROSS THIS BORDER, OR WITHIN MISSION AREA, HAD TO APPLY FOR FLIGHT AUTO

ALL FLIGHTS CROSSING RSA BORDER IN MISSION AREA WERE MONITORED

OPERATION EXECUTED IN A COMBINED MANNER BETWEEN THE SANDF AND OTHER GOVERNMENT DEPARTMENTS

FLIGHTS WITHOUT VALID FAC WERE INTERROGATED, INTERCEPTED AS REQUIRED AND NON COMPLIANT AIRCRAFT FORCED DOWN

AIR BORDER SAFEGUARDING OPERATION: 14-25 FEB 11

(RESULTS)

1848 FACs ISSUED

NON-COMPLIANT A/C IDENTIFIED: 59

PASSIVE INTERCEPTIONS & INTERROGATIONS: 48

FORCE DOWN: 1

MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING

MANDATE

ITO OF THE MARITIME ZONES ACT no 15 of 1994, SOUTH AFRICA’S MARITIME ZONES WHICH FALLS WITHIN ITS JURISDICTION FOR MONITORING, CONTROL AND THE ENFORCEMENT OF STATE AUTHORITY, CONSISTS OF THE:– TERRITORIAL WATERS (12 Nm)– CONTIGUOUS ZONE (24 Nm)– EEZ (200 Nm)– CONTINENTAL SHELF– PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND GROUP

MISSION AREA

COURTESY CAPT (SAN) D. GILLESPIE

MARITIME BORDER

EXTENDED BORDER AREA

MARITIME BORDER SAFEGUARDING CONCEPT

For the short and medium term, maritime border safeguarding operations focussing on deterrence and enforcement of state authority at sea will be conducted in the South Africa maritime border- and extended border area through the ad hoc employment of naval and air assets supported by situational awareness and interdepartmental/regional cooperation. A further extension of this will be the ad hoc deployment of maritime surface and air assets into the adjacent waters of Namibia and Mozambique during approved multinational operations to extend deterrence beyond the South African waters and to enhance situational awareness.

MISSION AREA

DETECTION COASTRAD

INTERDEPARTMENTAL COOPERATION

REGIONAL COOPERATION

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION

VESSEL CAPABILITIES

MARITIME (SAN & SAAF) PATROL

MANEUVRE & RESPONSE

PRESENT CAPABILITIES

INTERDEPARTMENTAL

QUESTIONS