Operation Homecoming: Tackling the Maoist Insurgency

Uniting the past with the present:Unveiling a new Future

what IS TERRORISM?Te r r o r i s d e r i v e d f r o m t h e L a ti n w o r d “ Te r r e r e " m e a n i n g “ t o f r i g h te n .”

Terrorism is the use of violence by non state actors for political ends and creating terror in the minds of innocent people.

Terrorism is one of the manifestation of increased lawlessness and cult of violence.

Terrorists have no religion, no concept of communal or social harmony and value for human life as no religion propagates terrorismor hatred.

External Terrorism(Al-Qaeda, HuJI)

ExternalInternal

Internal Terrorism(Maoists, ULFA)

The Latter: more frequent and more devastating

The internal terrorism in India has been dominated by the Maoist’s or the Naxals.

Casualty from Maoist attacks is at par or greater than those from external terrorist outfits.

THE BOTTOM LINE:RED ALERT

THE THREAT IS CLOSER THAN WE REALISE!!!

Who Are The Naxals ????The word Naxal, Naxalite or Naxalwadi is ageneric term used to refer to various militant,communist group operating in different parts of India.

Till date , the government of India and thegovernments of various states have used the security approach in tackling the Maoist menace instead of redressing the grievances of the tribal people, who provide a support base To the Naxal movement.

Why Should the idea be implemented.???

Odisha- One of the worst Maoist affected states in India.

48% poverty which means 17 million people are below the poverty line .

Naxal stronghold over Rayagada, Koraput, Malkangiri , Gajapati, Kandhamal, Nabarangpur Sundargarh, Nayagarh, Jajpur(KBK region),etc.

These districts figure among 150 of the most backward districts as identified by the Planning Commission

Facts and figures…

NAXAL INCIDENTS 2011 UPTO 15th Nov

Malkangiri

Koraput

Nabarangpur

Rayagada

Gaj

apat

i

Kandhamal

Ganjam

Nayagarh

Sundergarh

SambalpurDeogarh

Keonjhar

Dhenkanal Jajpur

Mayurbhanj

89

27

14

0105

12

00

3

03

03

01

09

2

08

01

01

Kalahandi

Nu

apad

a

Bargarh

Bolangir

114

19 OUT OF 30 DISTRICTS ARE NAXAL HIT. SHOCKING ISN'T IT???

WAR

WHAT’S THE RIGHT

WAY TO GO?

An Eye for an Eyewill make the wholeWorld Blind!!!!So…..

10

• Naxal problem continues to be singular most important threat to internal security of the country.

• "We need to cripple Naxalite forces with all the means at our command.”

• "...we cannot rest in peace till we have eliminated this virus.”

Prime Minister Speaks…

Dr. Manmohan Singh, Prime Minister of India

Government’s Approach1. ADMINISTRATIVE MEASURES

c. Surrender and Rehabilitation Policy- The rehabilitation package inter alia includes a stipend of Rs. 2,000 for three years, vocational training, immediate grant of Rs. 1.5 lakh and incentives for surrender of weapons.

d. Under the Security Related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme,2005 assistance is provided for expenditure relating to insurance, training and operational needs of Security forces, as also for Left Wing Extremist cadres who surrender in accordance with the surrender and rehabilitation policy.

b. Modernization of state Police in terms of modern weaponry, latest communication equipment, Supply of Mine Protected Vehicles etc.

a. Deployment of 58 battalions of Central Para Military Forces(CPMF) and 10 battalions of Commando Battalions for Resolute Action (COBRA)

2. DEVELOPMENTAL MEASURES

•Under Prime Minister Gram SadakYojana (PMGSY), a provision of Rs. 2,000 crore has been made in 2010-2011 to provideconnectivity to Naxal hit areas.

•Ministry of Tribal Affairs hasreleased an amount of Rs. 499.99 crore as additional Central Assistance for construction of hostels and Ashram School buildings.

•National Rural Health Mission(NRHM), Mahatma Gandhi NationalRural Employment GuaranteeAct (MGNREGA) and many other schemes are also in operation.

•However, the benefit of these schemes does not reach the target groups due to lack of proper implementation and a communication gap between the government and the target groups.

Analysis of the Government’s Measures…State wise details of Maoists surrendered in 2009- 2010:

State Maoists Surrendered

2009 2010 (up to 25 Nov)

Andhra Pradesh 89 129

Bihar 16 13

Chhattisgarh 16 05

Jharkhand 8 20

Madhya Pradesh 1 02

Maharashtra 8 19

Orissa 10 46

Uttar Pradesh 01 00

West Bengal 0 06

Others 01 04

Total 150 244

• Dismal surrender rate• More emphasis on curbing the movement• No effort made to reintegrate the disenchantedMaoists into the mainstream of the society

Limitations of the Government Schemes

Financial incentives are not lucrative enough. It does not address the rehabilitation needs of minors who were coerced into the Maoist fold.

The rehabilitation policy does not ensurepermanent source of livelihood. No efforts made to relocate the surrendered Maoists to avoid backlash and threat to life.

It does not envisage protection for the families of surrendered Maoists.

Lets Get Cracking…What is the proposed idea?

What India Wants???

Enhance fi nancial incenti ves:

more Maoists would surrender and

reintegrate with mainstream

society.

Measures to be taken:-

Addressing educational and vocational needs:

Ensuring education under safe and neutral

conditions in a culturally compatible manner.

Providing gainful employment:

Ensuring employment to surrendered

Maoists for a period of 5 years to avoid their

relapse into Maoist activities.

Entrepreneurial Ventures:

Making the environment conducive for

surrendered Maoists to start their

entrepreneurial ventures and removing

the bott lenecks that might crop up in the

process.

Relocation and protection policy:

Surrendered hard core Maoists who face the biggest

backlash should be relocated with families in big cities

under anonymous conditions to avoid threat to their

lives as well as their families.

“The task lying ahead is Daunting

The path ahead is treacherous

How the militants will be wooed

Let’s see the mission will be implemented by WHO? WHO?? WHO???

GOVERNMENT???

VOLUNTARY CITIZEN GROUPS, NGOs???

CORPORATES???

STAKEHOLDERS’ CONTRIBUTION

Presently the district administration is entrusted withthe task of administrating the policy. Entry of NGOs isrestricted. But civil society activists and NGOs mustbe made part of the screening and rehabilitationcommittee to make it more inclusive and broad based.

Civil society organizations comprising of intellectuals, Eminent citizens, businessmen, politicians, spiritual leaders And NGOs need to step forward and mediate between theGovernment and the Maoists.

As the society is the breeding ground of terrorism, ultimately the response thereto can only emerge from within the same society.

All said and done; let’s have a look at the course of actionLest the mission remains a fictionThis surely will raise a number of browsStill we steal a march; look at the implementation being done HOW? HOW?? HOW???

Stage 1- breaking the ground

Create a powerful Task Force that would look into the operations and functioning of the proposal.

Popularize the objectives of the proposal, seek attention and muster support from the public.

Officials from the legislative, executive and judicial machinery of the state to be made an integral part of the Task Force.

The course of action to be planned by the Task force in collaboration with NGOs and Self-help Groups operational in Naxal affected districts.

The first phase to be concluded with negotiations with the disillusioned Maoists and proposing the above mentioned Surrender and Rehabilitation Schemes.

The NGOs to get constant support and protection from police to tackle any backlash from the Maoist forces.

Stage 2- treading the path

The proposals would be executed by voluntary citizen groups. These groups would be trained by the government agencies, NGOs and media professionals, facilitated by corporate funding made available as a part of their Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR).

These groups would stage street plays, write in media, distribute pamphlets, make documentaries and short films and screen them in schools, colleges, community centers and other vulnerable areas.

During promotion of the schemes the benefits of the surrender packages would be given special emphasis to make it more lucrative and tempting.

Stage 3- wading through

The surrendered rebels would be provided with financial incentives to reclaim their lives with dignity.

Emphasis will be given on educational and vocational training of the young surrendered Maoists.

Utmost care would be taken to conceal the identity of the surrendered Maoists to prevent threat to their lives by relocating them to bigger cities under anonymous conditions.

The surrendered Maoists would be given employment opportunities and health care by bringing them under the purview of other developmental social schemes like MGNREGA , NRHM etc.

BUDGET…

State 2009-2010 2010-2011(up to 23rd Nov 2010)

Advance Reimbursement Advance Reimbursement

Andhra Pradesh

1.98 0.30 7.48 16.54

Bihar 2.77 -- 9.08 13.15Chhattisgarh 4.60 31.54 24.29 36.07Jharkhand 4.99 6.12 12.33 44.24Madhya Pradesh

0.11 -- 0.15 0.31

Maharashtra 0.67 2.04 4.38 4.90Orissa 3.71 -- 22.80 12.16Uttar Pradesh 0.51 -- 0.72 -

West Bengal 0.66 -- 1.55 12.97Total 20.00 40.00 82.78 140.34

60.00 223.12

(Figures in Rs. Crore)

Following are the details of funds released to the States under Security related Expenditure (SRE) Scheme, inter alia, including the amount reimbursed for surrender and rehabilitation of Maoists:

A corpus fund would be established with contributions from civil society and large corporations.

Regular grants should be given by the state and central governments.

The corpus fund should not come under the ambit of the income tax.

Forecast of expenditure to address the rehabilitation of each surrendered Maoist: Rs.1,00,000

Composition of the fund:•Grants from government- Rs 30,000•Donations:

• Voluntary citizen groups-Rs 20,000• Corporate houses- Rs 30,000• Miscellaneous receipts- Rs 20,000

Utilization of funds:•Education and vocational training- Rs 20,000•Relocation and housing- Rs.40,000•Healthcare- Rs.20,000• Miscellaneous Expenditure- Rs.20,000

Who will benefit from this proposal???

The main beneficiaries of our proposal will be the disenchanted naxals who are desirous to rejoin themainstream of the society.

It would also provide the marginal tribes, who are worst hit by the naxal menace, with the opportunity to lead socially enriched lives.

The government, freed of the security challenges in naxal hit areas, will be able to focus solely on the development of these areas to permanently redress the grievances of its inhabitants.

The corporate houses will also benefit from the proposal as they will be able to operate in a secured and stable environment.

Lastly, the entire society would benefit as it would be freed of mindless violence and will get a conducive environment for its overall growth and development.

Vision with action can change the World…

THANK

YOU

Endeavour by:-Pallavi Panigrahi Harisankar Mahapatra

SAI INTERNATIONAL SCHOOL, BHUBANESWAR