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Operator’s Manual

Lycoming

O-360 éê Series

Approved by FAA

2nd Edition Part No. 60297-25

652 Oliver StreetWilliamsport, PA. 17701 U.S.A.570/323-6181

June 2007

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O-360 éê Series Operator’s ManualLycoming Part Number: 60297-25

©2007 by Lycoming. All rights reserved.Lycoming and “Powered by Lycoming” are trademarks or registered trademarks ofLycoming.

All brand and product names referenced in this publication are trademarks or registeredtrademarks of their respective companies.

For additional information:

Mailing address:

Lycoming Engines652 Oliver StreetWilliamsport, PA 17701 U.S.A.

Phone:

Factory: 570-323-6181Sales Department: 570-327-7268Fax: 570-327-7101

Lycoming’s regular business hours are Monday through Friday from 8:00 AMthrough 5:00 PM Eastern Time (-5 GMT)

Visit us on the World Wide Web at:

http://www.lycoming.com

OPERATOR’S MANUALREVISION

REVISION NO. PUBLICATION PUBLICATION NO. PUBLICATION DATE

60297-25-1 O-360 éê SERIES 60297-25 June 2007

The page(s) in this revision replace, add to, or delete current pages in the operator’s manual.PREVIOUS REVISION CURRENT REVISION

None August 2008

3-5, 3-7

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LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL

ATTENTION

OWNERS, OPERATORS AND MAINTENANCE PERSONNEL

This operator’s manual contains a description of the engine, its specifications, and detailed information onhow to operate and maintain it. Such maintenance procedures that may be required in conjunction withperiodic inspections are also included. This manual is intended for use by owners, pilots and maintenancepersonnel responsible for care of Lycoming powered aircraft. Modifications and repair procedures arecontained in Lycoming overhaul manuals; maintenance personnel should refer to these for such procedures.

SAFETY WARNING

Neglecting to follow the operating instructions and to carry out periodic maintenance procedures can resultin poor engine performance and power loss. Also, if power and speed limitations specified in this manualare exceeded, for any reason; damage to the engine and personal injury can happen. Consult your localFAA approved maintenance facility.

SERVICE BULLETINS, INSTRUCTIONS AND LETTERS

Although the information contained in this manual is up-to-date at time of publication, users are urged tokeep abreast of later information through Lycoming Service Bulletins, Instructions and Service Letterswhich are available from Lycoming distributors or from the factory by subscription. Consult the latestrevision of Service Letter No. L114 for subscription information.

SPECIAL NOTE

The illustrations, pictures and drawings shown in this publication are typical of the subject matter theyportray; in no instance are they to be interpreted as examples of any specific engine, equipment or partthereof.

iii


IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICE

Proper service and repair is essential to increase the safe, reliable operation of all aircraft engines. Theservice procedures recommended by Lycoming are effective methods for performing service operations.Some of these service operations require the use of tools specially designed for the task. These special toolsmust be used when and as recommended.

It is important to note that most Lycoming publications contain various Warnings and Cautions whichmust be carefully read in order to minimize the risk of personal injury or the use of improper servicemethods that may damage the engine or render it unsafe.

It is also important to understand that these Warnings and Cautions are not all inclusive. Lycoming couldnot possibly know, evaluate or advise the service trade of all conceivable ways in which service might bedone or of the possible hazardous consequences that may be involved. Accordingly, anyone who uses aservice procedure must first satisfy themselves thoroughly that neither their safety nor aircraft safety will bejeopardized by the service procedure they select.

iv


TABLE OF CONTENTS

PAGE

SECTION 1 DESCRIPTION 1-1

SECTION 2 SPECIFICATIONS 2-1

SECTION 3 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS 3-1

SECTION 4 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS 4-1

SECTION 5 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES 5-1

SECTION 6 TROUBLE-SHOOTING 6-1

SECTION 7 INSTALLATION AND STORAGE 7-1

SECTION 8 TABLES 8-1

v


Left Side View – O-360 (76 Series)

¾ Right Rear View – O-360 (76 Series)

vi


SECTION 1DESCRIPTION

Page

General.......................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Cylinders....................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Valve Operating Mechanism ...................................................................................................................... 1-1

Crankcase ..................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Crankshaft .................................................................................................................................................... 1-1

Connecting Rods .......................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Pistons ........................................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Oil Sump ....................................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Cooling System............................................................................................................................................. 1-2

Induction System.......................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Lubrication System...................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Priming System ............................................................................................................................................ 1-2

This Page Intentionally Left Blank.

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 1O-360 DESCRIPTION

SECTION 1

DESCRIPTION

General – The Lycoming O-360 “76 Series” aircraft engine is a four cylinder direct drive, horizontallyopposed, wet sump, carbureted, air cooled engine.

In referring to the location of the various engine components, the parts are described in their relationshipto the engine as installed in the airframe. Thus, the power take-off end is considered the front and accessorydrive end the rear. The sump section is considered the bottom and the opposite side of the engine where theshroud tubes are located the top. References to the left and right side are made with the observer facing therear of the engine. The cylinders are numbered from the front to the rear, the 1 and 3 cylinders are on theright side, 2 and 4 cylinders are on the left. The direction of rotation of the crankshaft is clockwise, viewedfrom the rear of the engine. The direction of rotation for the accessory drives is determined with theobserver facing the drive pad.

NOTE

The letter “L” in the model prefix denotes the reverse rotation of the basic model. Example:O-360-E1AD has clockwise rotation of the crankshaft; therefore, LO-360-E1AD has acounterclockwise rotation. Likewise the rotations of the accessory drives of the LO-360-E1AD are opposite those of the basic model.

The letter “D” used as the 4th or 5th character in the model suffix denotes that the engine isequipped with a dual magneto housed in a single housing.

Operational aspects of engines are the same and performance data and specifications for thebasic models will apply.

Cylinders – The cylinders are of conventional air cooled construction with two major parts, head and barrel,screwed and shrunk together. The heads are made from an aluminum alloy casting with a fully machinedcombustion chamber. The rocker box is cast as an integral part of the cylinder head which forms the housingfrom both intake and exhaust valve rockers. The cylinder barrels, which are machined from chrome nickelmolybdenum steel forgings, have deep integral cooling fins and the inside of the barrels are ground andhoned to a specified finish.

Valve Operating Mechanism – A conventional type camshaft is located above and parallel to the crankshaft.The camshaft actuates the hydraulic tappets which operate the valves through push rods and valve rockers.Valve rockers are held in place by the use of rocker arm fulcrum. The valve springs bear against hardenedsteel seats and are retained on the valve stems by means of split keys.

Crankcase – The crankcase assembly consists of two reinforced aluminum alloy castings with the accessoryhousing as an integral part, fastened together by means of studs, bolts and nuts. The mating surfaces of thetwo castings are joined without the use of gaskets and the main bearing bores are machined for the use ofprecision type main bearing inserts.

Crankshaft – The crankshaft is made from a chrome nickel molybdenum steel forging. All bearing journalsurfaces are nitride hardened. Freedom from torsional vibration is assured by a system of pendulum typedynamic counterweights.

1-1

SECTION 1 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALDESCRIPTION O-360

Connecting Rods – The connecting rods are made in the form of “H” sections from alloy steel forgings.They have replaceable bearing inserts in the crankshaft ends and bronze bushings in the piston ends. Thebearing caps on the crankshaft ends are retained by two bolts and nuts through each cap.

Pistons – The pistons are machined from an aluminum alloy. The piston pin is of the floating type with aplug located at each end of the pin. The pistons employ half wedge rings. Consult the latest revision ofService Instruction No. 1037 for proper piston and ring combinations.

Oil Sump – The sump incorporates an oil drain plug, oil suction screen, mounting pad for the carburetor, theintake riser and the intake pipe connections.

Cooling System – The engine is designed to be air cooled by air pressure. Baffles are provided to build up apressure and direct the air through the cylinder fins. The air is then exhausted to the atmosphere through therear of the lower cowling.

Induction System – The engine is equipped with a Marvel-Schebler type HA-6 horizontal carburetor,equipped with a manual mixture control and idle cut-off. Distribution of the fuel air mixture is obtainedthrough the center zone induction system, which is integral with the oil sump and is submerged in oil,insuring a more uniform vaporization of the fuel and aiding in cooling the oil in the sump. From the riser thefuel air mixture is distributed to each cylinder by individual intake pipes.

Lubrication System – The lubrication system is of the pressure wet sump type. The oil pump located on theexterior of the crankcase accessory section, draws oil through a drilled passage leading from the oil suctionscreen located in the sump. The oil from the pump then enters a drilled passage in the accessory section tothe oil pressure screen housing where a flexible line leads the oil to the external oil cooler. In the event thatcold oil or an obstruction should restrict the flow of oil to the cooler, an oil cooler bypass valve is provided.Pressure oil from the cooler returns to a second connection in the oil pressure screen housing from whichpoint a drilled passage conducts the oil to the oil pressure relief valve, located at the bottom of the accessorysection.

The pressure relief valve regulates the engine oil pressure by allowing the excessive oil to return to thesump, while the balance of the pressure oil is fed to the main oil gallery. The oil is distributed by means of aseparate drilled passage to the main bearings of the crankshaft. Angular holes are drilled through the mainbearing to the connecting rod journals. Oil from the main oil gallery also flows to the camshaft and valvegear passages and is then conducted through branch passages to the hydraulic tappets and camshaft bearing.Oil enters the tappets through indexing holes and travels out through the hollow push rod tubes to the valvemechanism, lubricating the valve rocker and valve stems. Residual oil from the bearings, accessory drivesand rocker boxes is returned by gravity to the sump where after passing through a screen it is againcirculated through the engine. Pressure build up within the crankcase is held to a minimum by means of abreather located on the top rear of the crankcase.

Priming System – Provision for a primer system is provided on all engines employing a carburetor.

1-2


SECTION 2SPECIFICATIONS

Page

O-360-E ......................................................................................................................................................... 2-1

Standard Engine Weight ............................................................................................................................. 2-1

Accessory Drive

Drive Ratio.................................................................................................................................................. 2-1

Direction of Rotation ................................................................................................................................. 2-1

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 2O-360 SPECIFICATIONS

SECTION 2

SPECIFICATIONS

O-360-E

FAA Type Certificate ....................................................................................................................................286Rated horsepower...........................................................................................................................................180Rated speed, RPM........................................................................................................................................2700Bore, inches.................................................................................................................................................5.125Stroke, inches..............................................................................................................................................4.375Displacement, cubic inches.........................................................................................................................361.0Compression ratio ....................................................................................................................................... 9.0:1Firing order ............................................................................................................................................. 1-3-2-4Spark occurs, degrees BTC............................................................................................................................25°Valve rocker clearance (hydraulic tappets collapsed) ......................................................................... .028-.080Propeller drive ratio ....................................................................................................................................... 1:1Propeller drive rotation (viewed from rear) ........................................................................................Clockwise

Standard Dry Weight

O-360-E1AD, -E2AD, -E1BD, -E2BD.............................................................................................293 lbs.

*Accessory Drive Drive Ratio **Direction of Rotation

Starter 16.550:1 CounterclockwiseAlternator 3.250:1 ClockwiseTachometer Drive 0.500:1 ClockwiseMagneto 1.000:1 ClockwiseAN Vacuum Pump Drive 1.313:1 CounterclockwisePropeller Gov. AN-20010 1.000:1 ClockwiseDual Drive

Vacuum Pump and Hyd. Pump 1.313:1 Counterclockwise

* - When applicable.** - Viewed facing drive pad. Note that engines with “L” in prefix will have opposite rotation to the above.

2-1

This Page Intentionally Left Blank


SECTION 3OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

Page

General.......................................................................................................................................................... 3-1

Prestarting Items of Maintenance .............................................................................................................. 3-1

Starting Procedures ..................................................................................................................................... 3-1

Cold Weather Starting ................................................................................................................................ 3-2

Ground Running and Warm-Up................................................................................................................ 3-2

Ground Check .............................................................................................................................................. 3-3

Operation in Flight

Leaning Procedure.................................................................................................................................... 3-4

Use of Intake Air Heat Control................................................................................................................ 3-5

Engine Flight Chart .................................................................................................................................. 3-7

Engine Shut-Down Procedure .................................................................................................................... 3-9

Performance Curves .................................................................................................................................. 3-10

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 3O-360 OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

SECTION 3

OPERATING INSTRUCTIONS

1. GENERAL. Close adherence to these instructions will greatly contribute to long life, economy andsatisfactory operation of the engine.

NOTE

YOUR ATTENTION IS DIRECTED TO THE WARRANTIES THAT APPEAR IN THEFRONT OF THIS MANUAL REGARDING ENGINE SPEED, THE USE OF SPECIFIEDFUELS AND LUBRICANTS, REPAIRS AND ALTERATIONS. PERHAPS NO OTHERASPECT OF ENGINE OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE CONTRIBUTES QUITE SOMUCH TO SATISFACTORY PERFORMANCE AND LONG LIFE AS THE CONSTANT USEOF CORRECT GRADES OF FUEL AND OIL, CORRECT ENGINE TIMING, AND FLYINGTHE AIRCRAFT AT ALL TIMES WITHIN THE SPEED AND POWER RANGE SPECIFIEDFOR THE ENGINE. DO NOT FORGET THAT VIOLATION OF THE OPERATION ANDMAINTENANCE SPECIFICATIONS FOR YOUR ENGINE WILL NOT ONLY VOID YOURWARRANTY BUT WILL SHORTEN THE LIFE OF YOUR ENGINE AFTER ITS WARRANTYPERIOD HAS PASSED.

New engines have been carefully run-in by Lycoming and therefore, no further break-in is necessaryinsofar as operation is concerned; however, new or newly overhauled engines should avoid low powerbelow 65% during the first 50 hours of until the oil consumption has stabilized. The engine should also beoperated on straight mineral oil for a minimum of 50 hours or until the oil consumption has stabilized. Afterthis period a change to an approved additive oil Spec. MIL-L-6082 or Ashless Dispersant MIL-L-22851may be made, if so desired.

NOTE

Cruising should be done at 65% to 75% power until a total of 50 hours has accumulated oroil consumption has stabilized. This is to ensure proper seating of the rings and is applicableto new engines, and engines in service following cylinder replacement or top overhaul of oneor more cylinders.

The minimum fuel octane rating is listed in the flight chart, Part 9, of this section. Under no circumstancesshould fuel of a lower octane rating or automotive fuel (regardless of octane rating) be used.

2. PRESTARTING ITEMS OF MAINTENANCE. Before starting the aircraft engine for the first flight of theday, there are several items of maintenance inspection that should be performed. These are described inSection 4 under Daily Pre-Flight Inspection. They must be observed before the engine is started.

3. STARTING PROCEDURES.

The following starting procedures are recommended; however, the starting characteristics of variousinstallations will necessitate some variation from these procedures.

3-1

SECTION 3 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALOPERATING INSTRUCTIONS O-360

NOTE

Cranking periods must be limited to ten (10) to twelve (12) seconds with a five (5) minuterest between cranking periods.

a. Carbureted Engines (Cold).

(1) Perform pre-flight inspection.

(2) Set carburetor heat control in “off” position.

(3) Set propeller governor control in “Full Rich” position (where applicable).

(4) Turn fuel valves “On”.

(5) Move mixture control to “Full RPM”.

(6) Turn boost pump on (where applicable).

(7) Open throttle approximately ¼ travel.

(8) Prime with 1 to 3 strokes of manual priming pump or activate electric primer for 1 or 2 seconds.

(9) Set magneto selector switch. (Consult airframe manufacturer’s handbook for correct position.)

(10) Engage starter.

(11) When engine fires move the magneto switch to “Both”.

(12) Check oil pressure gauge. If minimum oil pressure is not indicated within thirty seconds, stopengine and determine trouble.

NOTE

If engine fails to achieve a normal start, assume it to be flooded and use standard clearingprocedure, then repeat above steps.

b. Carbureted Engines (Hot) – Proceed as outlined above, omitting the priming step.

4. COLD WEATHER STARTING. During extreme cold weather, it may be necessary to preheat the engineand oil before starting.

5. GROUND RUNNING AND WARM-UP.

The engines covered in this manual are air pressure cooled and depend on the forward speed of the aircraftto maintain proper cooling. Particular care is necessary, therefore, when operating these engines on theground. To prevent overheating, it is recommended that the following precautions be observed.

3-2


NOTE

Any ground check that requires full throttle operation must be limited to three minutes, orless if the indicated cylinder head temperatures should exceed the maximum stated in thismanual.

a. Head the aircraft into the wind.

b. Leave mixture in “Full Rich”.

c. Operate only with the propeller in minimum blade angle setting (where applicable).

d. Warm up at approximately 1000-1200 RPM. Avoid prolonged idling and do not exceed 2200 RPM onthe ground.

e. Engine is warm enough for take-off when the throttle can be opened without the engine faltering.

6. GROUND CHECK.

a. Warm-up as directed above.

b. Check both oil pressure and oil temperature.

c. Leave mixture in “Full Rich”.

d. (Where applicable.) Move the propeller control through its complete range to check operation andreturn it to full low pitch position. Full feathering check (twin engine) on the ground is notrecommended but the feathering action can be checked by running the engine between 1000-1500RPM; then momentarily pulling the propeller control into the feathering position. Do not allow theRPM to drop more than 500 RPM.

e. A proper magneto check is important. Additional factors, other than the ignition system, affectmagneto drop-off. They are load power output, propeller pitch and mixture strength. The importantthing is that the engines run smoothly because magneto drop-off is affected by the variables listedabove. Make the magneto check in accordance with the following procedures.

(1) Controllable Pitch Propeller – With propeller in minimum pitch angle, set the engine to produce50-65% power as indicated by the manifold pressure gauge. Mixture control should be in the fullrich position. At these settings, the ignition system and spark plugs must work harder because ofthe greater pressure within the cylinders. Under these conditions ignition problems, if they exist,will occur. Magneto checks at lower power settings will only indicate fuel-air distribution quality.

NOTE

Aircraft that are equipped with fixed pitch propellers, or not equipped with manifoldpressure gauge, may check magneto drop-off with engine operating at a minimum of 2000-2100 RPM.

3-3


(2) Switch from both magnetos to one and note drop-off, return to both until engine regains speed andswitch to the other magneto and note drop-off, then return to both. Drop-off should not exceed 175RPM and should not exceed 50 RPM between magnetos. A smooth drop-off past normal is usuallya sign of a too lean or too rich mixture.

f. Do not operate on a single magneto for too long a period, a few seconds is usually sufficient to checkdrop-off and will minimize the possibility of plug fouling.

7. OPERATION IN FLIGHT.

See airframe manufacturer’s instructions for recommended power settings.

a. Fuel Mixture Leaning Procedure.

Improper fuel/air mixture during flight is responsible for many engine problems, particularly duringtake-off and climb power settings. The procedures described in this manual provide proper fuel/airmixture when leaning Lycoming engines; they have proven to be both economical and practical byeliminating excessive fuel consumption and reducing damaged parts replacement. It is thereforerecommended that operators of all Lycoming aircraft power plants utilize the instructions in thispublication any time the fuel/air mixture is adjusted during flight.

Manual leaning may be monitored by exhaust gas temperature indication, fuel flow indication, andby observation of engine speed and/or air speed. However, whatever instruments are used inmonitoring the mixture, the following general rules should be observed by the operator of Lycomingaircraft engines.

GENERAL RULES

Never exceed the maximum red line cylinder head temperature of 500°F (260°C).

For maximum service life, cylinder head temperatures should be maintained below 435°F (224°C) duringhigh performance cruise operation and below 400°F (205°C) for economy cruise powers.

Never lean the mixture from full rich during take-off, climb or high performance cruise operation unlessthe airplane owners manual advises otherwise. However, during take-off from high elevation airports orduring climb at higher altitudes, roughness or reduction of power may occur at full rich mixture. In such acase the mixture may be adjusted only enough to obtain smooth engine operation. Careful observation oftemperature instruments should be practiced.

Operate the engine at maximum power mixture for performance cruise powers and at best economymixture for economy cruise power; unless otherwise specified in the airplane owners manual.

Always return the mixture to full rich before increasing power settings.

During let down and reduced power flight operations it may be necessary to manually lean or leavemixture setting at cruise position prior to landing. During the landing sequence the mixture control shouldthen be placed in the full rich position, unless landing at high elevation fields where leaning may benecessary.

3-4


a. LEANING WITH EXHAUST GAS TEMPERATURE GAUGE

(1) Maximum Power Cruise (approximately 75% power) – It is permissible to lean to 100°-150°F onrich side of peak EGT unless aircraft operator’s manual shows otherwise. Monitor cylinder headtemperatures.

(2) Best Economy Cruise (approximately 75% power and below) – Operate at peak EGT.

b. LEANING WITH FLOWMETER.

Lean to applicable fuel flow tables or lean to indicator marked for correct fuel flow for each powersetting.

c. LEANING WITH MANUAL MIXTURE CONTROL (Economy Cruise, 75% power or less – withoutflowmeter or EGT gauge).

(1) Slowly move mixture control from “Full Rich” position toward lean position.

(2) Continue leaning until engine roughness is noted.

(3) Enrich until engine runs smoothly and power is regained.

WARNING

REFER TO THE PILOT’S OPERATING HANDBOOK OR AIRFRAMEMANUFACTURER’S MANUAL FOR ADDITIONAL INSTRUCTIONS ON THE USE OFCARBURETOR HEAT CONTROL. INSTRUCTIONS FOUND IN EITHER PUBLICATIONSUPERSEDE THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION.

8. USE OF CARBURETOR HEAT CONTROL. Under certain moist atmospheric conditions (generally at arelative humidity of 50% or greater) and at temperatures of 20° to 90°F it is possible for ice to form in theinduction system. Even in summer weather ice may form. This is due to the high air velocity through thecarburetor venturi and the absorption of heat from this air by vaporization of the fuel. The temperature in themixture chamber may drop as much as 70°F below the temperature of the incoming air. If this air contains alarge amount of moisture, the cooling process can cause precipitation in the form of ice. Ice formationgenerally begins in the vicinity of the butterfly and may build up to such an extent that a drop in poweroutput could result. In installations equipped with fixed pitch propellers, a loss of power is reflected by adrop in manifold pressure and RPM. In installations equipped with constant speed propellers, a loss ofpower is reflected by a drop in manifold pressure. If not corrected, this condition may cause completeengine stoppage.

To avoid this, all installations are equipped with a system for preheating the incoming air supply to thecarburetor. In this way sufficient heat is added to replace the heat loss of vaporization of fuel, and themixing chamber temperature cannot drop to the freezing point of water (32°F). The air preheater is a tube orjacket through which the exhaust pipe from one or more cylinders is passed, and the air flowing over thesesurfaces is raised to the required temperature before entering the carburetor. Consistently high temperaturesare to be avoided because of a loss of power and a decided variation of mixture. High charge temperaturesalso favor detonation and preignition, both of which are to be avoided if normal service life is to be expectedfrom the engine. The following outline is the proper method of utilizing the carburetor heat control.

Revised August 2008 3-5


Figure 3-1. Representative Effect of Leaning on Cylinder Head Temperature,EFT (Exhaust Gas Temperature), Engine Power and Specific Fuel Consumption

at Constant Engine RPM and Manifold Pressure

3-6


a. Ground Operation – Use of the carburetor air heat on the ground must be held to an absoluteminimum. On some installations the air does not pass through the air filter, and dirt and foreignsubstances can be taken into the engine with the resultant cylinder and piston ring wear. Only usecarburetor air heat on the ground to make certain it is functioning properly.

b. Take-Off – Set the carburetor heat in full cold position. For take-off and full throttle operation thepossibility of expansion or throttle icing at wide throttle openings is very remote.

c. Climbing – When climbing at part throttle power settings of 80% or above, set the carburetor heatcontrol in the full cold position; however, if it is necessary to use carburetor heat to prevent icing it ispossible for engine roughness to occur due to the over-rich fuel/air mixture produced by the additionalcarburetor heat. When this happens, lean the mixture with the mixture control only enough to producesmooth engine operation. Do not continue to use carburetor heat after flight is out of icing conditions,and return mixture to full rich when carburetor heat is removed.

d. Flight Operation – During normal flight, leave the carburetor air heat control in the full cold position.On damp, cloudy, foggy or hazy days, regardless of the outside air temperature, be alert for loss ofpower. This will be evidenced by an unaccountable loss in manifold pressure or RPM or both,depending on whether a constant speed or fixed pitch propeller is installed on the aircraft. If thishappens, apply full carburetor air heat and open the throttle to limiting manifold pressure and RPM.This will result in a slight additional drop in manifold pressure, which is normal, and this drop will beregained as the ice is melted out of the induction system. When ice has been melted from theinduction system, return the carburetor heat control to the full cold position. In those aircraft equippedwith a carburetor air temperature gauge, partial heat may be used to keep the mixture temperatureabove the freezing point of water (32°F).

WARNING

CAUTION MUST BE EXERCISED WHEN OPERATING WITH PARTIAL HEAT ONAIRCRAFT THAT DO NOT HAVE A CARBURETOR AIR TEMPERATURE GAUGE. USEEITHER FULL HEAT OR NO HEAT IN AIRCRAFT THAT ARE NOT EQUIPPED WITH ACARBURETOR AIR TEMPERATURE GAUGE.

e. Landing Approach – In making a landing approach, the carburetor heat is generally in the “Full Cold”position. However, if icing conditions are suspected, apply “Full Heat”. In the case that full powerneed to be applied under these conditions, as for an aborted landing, return the carburetor heat to “FullCold” after full power application.

9. ENGINE FLIGHT CHART.

FUEL AND OIL –

Model *Aviation Grade Fuel Minimum

O-360-E.......................................................................................................................... 100/130

NOTE

Aviation grade 100LL fuels in which the lead content is limited to 2 c.c. per gallon areapproved for continuous use in these engines.

* - Refer to latest revision of Service Instruction No. 1070.

Revised August 2008 3-7


Fuel Pressure, psi –

Model Max. Desired Min.

O-360-EInlet to carburetor 8.0 3.0 0.5

Fuel Consumption (Gal. per Hour) –

O-360-ENormal Rated (2700 RPM, 180 HP)..................................................................................14.975% Rated (2400 RPM, 135 HP).......................................................................................10.865% Rated (2350 RPM, 117 HP).........................................................................................8.8

Lubrication Oil –

*Recommended Grade Oil

AverageAmbient Air

MIL-L-6082Grades

MIL-L-22851Ashless Dispersant

Grades

Above 60°F SAE 50 SAE 40 or SAE 5030° to 90°F SAE 40 SAE 40

0° to 70°F SAE 30 SAE 40 or SAE 30Below 10°F SAE 20 SAE 30

* - See latest revision of Service Instruction No. 1014 for complete lubrication oilrecommendations.

*Oil Inlet TemperatureAverage

Ambient Air Desired Maximum

Above 60°F 180°F (82°C) 245°F (118°C)30°F to 90°F 180°F (82°C) 245°F (118°C)

0°F to 70°F 170°F (77°C) 225°F (107°C)Below 10°F 160°F (71°C) 210°F ( 99°C)

* - Engine oil temperature should not be below 140F (60°C) during continuous operation.

Oil Sump Quantities –

O-360-EMinimum safe quantity in sump ........................................................................... 2 qts, (U.S.)Maximum sump capacity...................................................................................... 6 qts. (U.S.)

Oil Pressure, psi –

Max. Min.* Idling

Normal Operation 90 60 15Starting and Warm-Up 100

* - See Section 5, Page 5-6 for oil pressure relief valve adjustment.

3-8


Oil Consumption –

Max. Oil Cons.O-360-E Qts. Per Hour

Normal Rated (2700 RPM, 180 HP).........................................................................8075% Rated (2450 RPM, 135 HP)..............................................................................4565% Rated (2350 RPM, 117 HP)..............................................................................39

Cylinder Head Temperature –

Maximum permissible .........................................................................................500°F (260°C)

NOTE

Cylinder head temperature taken at the Baronet Location. For maximum service life of theengine, maintain cylinder head temperatures between 150°F (66°C) and 400°F (205°C)during continuous operation.

10. ENGINE SHUT-DOWN.

a. Set propeller at minimum blade angle (where applicable).

b. Idle until there is a decided decrease in cylinder head temperatures.

c. Move mixture control to the idle cut-off position.

d. When engine stops, turn ignition switch to off position.

3-9


Figure 3-2. Fuel Flow vs Percent Rated Power – O-360-E

3-10


Figure 3-3. Sea Level and Altitude Performance – O-360-E

3-11


SECTION 4PERIODIC INSPECTIONS

Page

General.......................................................................................................................................................... 4-1

Pre-Starting Inspection ............................................................................................................................... 4-1

Daily Pre-Flight............................................................................................................................................ 4-2

25-Hour Inspection ...................................................................................................................................... 4-2

50-Hour Inspection ...................................................................................................................................... 4-2

100-Hour Inspection .................................................................................................................................... 4-3

400-Hour Inspection .................................................................................................................................... 4-4

Non-Scheduled Inspections ......................................................................................................................... 4-4

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 4O-360 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS

SECTION 4

PERIODIC INSPECTIONS

NOTE

Perhaps no other factor is quite so important to safety and durability of the aircraft and itscomponents as faithful and diligent attention to regular checks for minor troubles andprompt repairs when they are found.

The operator should bear in mind that the items listed in the following pages do not constitute a completeaircraft inspection, but are meant for the engine only. Consult the airframe manufacturer’s handbook foradditional instructions.

Pre-Starting Inspection – The daily pre-flight inspection is a check of the aircraft prior to the first flight ofthe day. This inspection is to determine the general condition of the aircraft and engine.

The importance of proper pre-flight inspection cannot be over emphasized. Statistics prove severalhundred accidents occur yearly directly responsible to poor pre-flight inspections.

Among the major causes of poor pre-flight inspection are lack of concentration, reluctance toacknowledge the need for a check list, carelessness bred by familiarity and haste.

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SECTION 4 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALPERIODIC INSPECTIONS O-360

1. DAILY PRE-FLIGHT.

a. Be sure all switches are in the “off” position.

b. Be sure magneto ground wires are properly connected.

c. Check oil level.

d. See that fuel tanks are full.

e. Check fuel and oil line connections, note any minor indications for repair at 50-hour inspection.Repair any leaks before the aircraft is flown.

f. Open the fuel drain to remove any accumulation of water and sediment.

g. Make sure all shields and cowling are in place and secure. If any are missing or damaged, repair orreplacement should be made before the aircraft is flown.

h. Check all controls for general condition, travel and freedom of operation.

i. Inspect the induction system air filter and service in accordance with the airframe manufacturer’srecommendations.

2. 25-HOUR INSPECTION. After the first twenty-five hours operating time; new, rebuilt or newlyoverhauled engines should undergo a 50-hour inspection, including draining and renewing the lubricatingoil.

3. 50-HOUR INSPECTION. In addition to the items listed for daily pre-flight inspection, the followingmaintenance checks should be made after every 50 hours of operation.

a. Ignition System –

(1) If fouling of spark plugs has been apparent, rotate bottom plugs to top position.

(2) Examine spark plug leads of cable and ceramics for corrosion and deposits. This condition isevidence of either leaking spark plugs, improper cleaning of the spark plug walls or connectorends. Where this condition is found, clean the cable ends, spark plug walls and ceramics with adry, clean cloth or a clean cloth moistened with methyl-ethy-ketone. All parts should be clean anddry before reassembly.

(3) Check ignition harness for security of mounting clamps and be sure connections are tight at sparkplug and magneto terminals.

b. Fuel and Induction System – Check the primer lines for leaks and security of the clamps. Remove andclean the fuel inlet strainers. Check the mixture control and throttle linkage for travel, freedom ofmovement, security of the clamps and lubricate if necessary. Check the air intake ducts for leaks,security, filter damage; evidence of dust or other solid material in the ducts is indicative of inadequatefilter care or damaged filter. Check vent lines for evidence of fuel or oil seepage; if present, fuel pumpmay require replacement.

4-2

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 4O-360 PERIODIC INSPECTIONS

c. Lubrication System –

(1) Remove oil suction screen and check carefully for presence of metal particles that are indicative ofinternal engine damage. This step is not feasible unless oil is being changed and should be omittedon installations employing an external full flow oil filter.

(2) Replace external full flow oil filter element. Examine the filter element for metal particles orcarbon contamination. Drain and renew lubricating oil on installations not employing external fullflow oil filter.

NOTE

Intervals between oil changes can be increased as much as 100% on engines equipped withfull flow oil filters – provided the element is replaced each 50 hours of operation. However,the use of high lead content fuel, the operation in dusty areas, cold climates, and where shortflight and long idle periods are encountered, more frequent oil changes may be necessary.

(3) Check oil lines for leaks, particularly at connections and for security at clamp location. Also checkfor wear due to rubbing or vibration, for dents and cracks.

d. Exhaust System – Check attaching flanges at exhaust ports on cylinder for evidence of leakage. If theyare loose, they must be removed and machined flat before they are reassembled and tightened.Examine exhaust manifolds, muffler, and pipes, leakage and loose connections. Repair or replace asnecessary.

e. Cooling System – Check cowling and baffles for damage and secure anchorage. Any damaged ormissing part of the cooling system must be repaired or replaced before the aircraft resumes operation.

f. Cylinders – Check rocker box covers for evidence of oil leaks. If found, replace gasket and tightenscrews to specified torque (50 in.-lbs.).

Check cylinders for evidence of excessive heat which is indicated by burned paint on the cylinder.This condition is indicative of internal damage to the cylinder and, if found, its cause must bedetermined and corrected before the aircraft resumes operation.

Heavy discoloration and appearance of seepage at cylinder head and barrel attachment area isusually due to emission of thread lubricant used during assembly of the barrel at the factory, or byslight gas leakage which stops after the cylinder has been in service for awhile. This condition isneither harmful nor detrimental to engine performance and operation. If it can be proven that leakageexceeds these conditions, the cylinder should be replaced. However, if the seepage or gas leakagecontinues it will be necessary to replace the cylinder and head assembly.

4. 100-HOUR INSPECTION. In addition to the items listed for daily pre-flight and 50-hour inspection, thefollowing maintenance checks should be made after every one hundred hours of operation.

a. Electrical System –

(1) Check all wiring connected to the engine or accessories. Any shielded cables that are damagedshould be replaced. Replace clamps or loose wires and check terminals for security andcleanliness.

4-3

SECTION 4 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALPERIODIC INSPECTION O-360

(2) Remove spark plugs; test, clean and regap. Replace if necessary.

b. Magnetos – Check breaker points for pitting and minimum gap. Check for excessive oil in the breakercompartment, if found, wipe dry with a clean lint free cloth. The felt located at the breaker pointsshould be lubricated in accordance with the magneto manufacturer’s instructions. Check magneto toengine timing. Timing procedure is described in Section 5, 1, b of this manual.

c. Engine Accessories – Engine mounted accessories such as pumps, temperature and pressure sensingunits should be checked for secure mounting, tight connections.

d. Cylinders – Check cylinders visually for cracked or broken fins.

e. Engine Mounts – Check the engine mounting bolts and bushings for security and excessive wear.Replace any bushings that are excessively worn.

5. 400-HOUR INSPECTION. In addition to the items listed for daily pre-flight, 50-hour and 100-hourinspections, the following maintenance check should be made after every 400 hours of operation.

Valve Inspection – Remove rocker box covers and check for freedom of valve rockers when valves areclosed. Look for evidence of abnormal wear or broken parts in the area of the valve tips, valve keeper,springs and spring seats. If any indications are found, the cylinder and all of its components should beremoved (including the piston and connecting rod assembly) and inspected for further damage. Replace anyparts that do not conform with limits shown in the latest revision of Special Service Publication No. SSP-1776.

6. NON-SCHEDULED INSPECTIONS. Occasionally, service bulletins or service instructions are issued byLycoming that require inspection procedures that are not listed in this manual. Such publications usually arelimited to specified engine models and become obsolete after corrective modification has beenaccomplished. All such publications are available from Lycoming distributors, or from the factory bysubscription. Consult the latest revision of Service Letter No. L114 for subscription information.Maintenance facilities should have an up-to-date file of these publications available at all times.

4-4


SECTION 5MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

Page

General.......................................................................................................................................................... 5-1

Ignition and Electrical System

Ignition Harness and Wire Replacement................................................................................................ 5-1

Timing Magnetos to Engine ..................................................................................................................... 5-1

Internal Timing – Dual Magneto............................................................................................................. 5-2

Alternator Output..................................................................................................................................... 5-4

Fuel System

Repair of Fuel Leaks................................................................................................................................. 5-4

Carburetor Fuel Inlet Screen Assembly ................................................................................................. 5-4

Fuel Grades and Limitations ................................................................................................................... 5-4

Air Intake Ducts and Filter...................................................................................................................... 5-5

Idle Speed and Mixture Adjustment ....................................................................................................... 5-5

Lubrication System

Oil Grades and Limitations...................................................................................................................... 5-5

Oil Suction and Oil Pressure Screens ..................................................................................................... 5-5

Oil Relief Valve Adjustment .................................................................................................................... 5-6

Cylinders....................................................................................................................................................... 5-6

Alternator Drive Belt Tension .................................................................................................................... 5-9

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 5O-360 MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

SECTION 5

MAINTENANCE PROCEDURES

The procedures described in this section are provided to guide and instruct personnel in performing suchmaintenance operations that may be required in conjunction with the periodic inspections listed in thepreceding section. No attempt is made to include repair and replacement operations that will be found in theapplicable Lycoming Overhaul Manual.

1. IGNITION AND ELECTRICAL SYSTEM.

a. Ignition Harness and Wire Replacement – In the event that an ignition harness or an individual lead isto be replaced, consult the wiring diagram to be sure harness is correctly installed. Mark location ofclamps and clips to be certain the replacement is clamped at correct locations.

b. Timing Magneto to Engine –

(1) Remove a spark plug from No. 1 cylinder and place a thumb over the spark plug hole. Rotate thecrankshaft in direction of normal rotation until the compression stroke is reached, this is indicatedby a positive pressure inside the cylinder tending to push the thumb off the spark plug hole.Continue rotating the crankshaft until the advance timing mark on the front face of the starter ringgear is in alignment with the small hole located at the two o’clock position on the front face of thestarter housing. (Ring gear may be marked at 20° and 25°. Consult specifications for correcttiming mark for your installation.) At this point, the engine is ready for assembly of the magneto.

c. Dual Magneto –

(1) Place the engine in the No. 1 firing position as directed in paragraph 1b(1).

(2) Install the magneto-to-engine gasket on the magneto flange.

WARNING

DO NOT ATTACH HARNESS SPARK PLUG ENDS TO THE SPARK PLUGS UNTIL ALLMAGNETO-TO-ENGINE TIMING PROCEDURES AND MAGNETO-TO-SWITCHCONNECTIONS ARE ENTIRELY COMPLETED.

(3) Remove engine-to-magneto drive gear train backlash by turning engine magneto drive in directionopposite to normal rotation and return to timing mark on the starter support in direction of normalrotation.

(4) Remove the timing window plug from the most convenient side of the magneto housing and theplug from the rotor viewing location in the center of the housing.

(5) Turn the rotating magnet drive shaft in the normal direction of magneto rotation until the paintedtooth of the large distributor gear is centered in the timing hole.

(6) Observe that at this time the built in pointer just ahead of the rotor viewing window aligns with theR or L mark on the rotor depending on whether the magneto is of right or left hand rotation asspecified on the magneto nameplate.

5-1

SECTION 5 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALMAINTENANCE PROCEDURES O-360

(7) Hold the magneto in its No. 1 firing position (tooth in window center and pointer over R or Lmark on rotor) and install magneto to the engine and loosely clamp in position.

(8) Attach red lead from the timing light to left switch adapter lead, green lead of timing light to rightswitch adapter lead and the black lead of the light to magneto housing.

(9) Turn the entire magneto in direction of rotor rotation until the red timing light comes on.

(10) Rotate the magneto in the opposite direction until the red light just goes off indicating left mainbreaker has opened. Then evenly tighten the magneto mounting clamps.

(11) Back the engine up approximately 10° and then carefully “bump” the crankshaft in direction ofrotation, at the same time observing the timing lights.

(12) At the No. 1 firing position of the engine, the red light should go off indicating left main breakeropening. The right main breaker, monitored by the green light, must open within ± 2 enginedegrees of the No. 1 firing position.

(13) Repeat steps (9) thru (11) until the condition described in paragraph (12) is obtained.

(14) Complete tightening of the magneto securing clamps by torqueing to 150 in.-lbs.

(15) Recheck timing once more and if satisfactory disconnect timing light. Remove adapter leads.

(16) Reinstall plugs in timing inspection holes and torque 12-15 in.-lbs.

(17) Install the harness leads as shown in Figure 5-1 to spark plug and connect switch lead to properterminal.

NOTE

Some timing lights operate in the reverse manner as described. The light comes on when thebreaker points open. Check your timing light instructions.

d. Internal Timing – Dual Magneto – Check the magneto internal timing and breaker synchronization inthe following manner.

(1) Main Breakers – Connect the timing light negative lead to any unpainted surface of the magneto.Connect one positive lead to the left main breaker terminal and the second positive lead to theright main breaker terminal.

(2) Back the engine up a few degrees and again bump forward toward number one cylinder firingposition while observing timing lights. Both lights should go out to indicate opening of the mainbreakers, when the timing pointer is indicating within the width of the “L” or “R” mark. If breakertiming is incorrect, loosen breaker screws and correct. Retorque breaker screws to 20 to 25 in.-lbs.

5-2


Figure 5-1. Ignition Wiring Diagram – Dual Magneto

(3) Retard Breaker – Remove timing light leads from the main breaker terminals. Attach one positivelead to retard breaker terminal, and second positive lead to the tachometer breaker terminal, ifused.

(4) Back the engine up a few degrees and again bump forward toward number one cylinder firingposition until pointer is aligned with 15° retard timing mark. See Figure 5-2. Retard breakershould just open at this position.

(5) If retard timing is not correct, loosen cam securing screw and turn the retard breaker cam asrequired to make retard breaker open per paragraph d(4). Retorque cam screw to 16 to 20 in.-lbs.

5-3


Figure 5-2. Timing Marks on Rotating Magneto

(6) Observe the tachometer breaker is opened by the cam lobe. No synchronization of this breaker isrequired.

(7) Check action of impulse coupling (D-2000 series only). With the ignition switch off observebreaker cam end of rotor while manually cranking engine through a firing sequence. Rotor shouldalternately stop and then (with an audible snap) be rotated rapidly through a retard firing position.

e. Alternator Output – The alternator should be checked to determine that the specified voltage andcurrent is being obtained.

2. FUEL SYSTEM.

a. Repair of Fuel Leaks – In the event a line or fitting in the fuel system is replaced, only a fuel solublelubricant, such as clean engine oil or Loctite Hydraulic Sealant may be used. Do not use any otherform of thread compound.

b. Carburetor Fuel Inlet Screen Assembly – Remove the assembly and check the screen for distortion oropenings in the strainer. Replace for either of these conditions. Clean screen assembly in solvent anddry with compressed air and reinstall. The fuel inlet screen assembly is tightened to 35-40 in.-lbs.

c. Fuel Grades and Limitations – The recommended aviation grade fuel for the subject engines is listedin Section 3, item 9.

In the event that the specified fuel is not available at some locations, it is permissible to use higheroctane fuel. Fuel of a lower octane than specified is not to be used. Under no circumstances shouldautomotive fuel be used (regardless of octane rating).

5-4


NOTE

It is recommended that personnel be familiar with the latest revision of Service InstructionNo.1070 regarding specified fuel for Lycoming engines.

d. Air Intake Ducts and Filter – Check all air intake ducts for dirt or restrictions. Inspect and service airfilters as instructed in the airframe manufacturer’s handbook. Replace any filter or air duct that showssigns of deterioration or collapse.

e. Idle Speed and Mixture Adjustment –

(1) Start the engine and warm up in the usual manner until oil and cylinder head temperatures arenormal.

(2) Check magnetos. If the “mag-drop” is normal, proceed with idle adjustment.

(3) Set throttle stop screw so that the engine idles at the airframe manufacturer’s recommended idlingRPM. If the RPM changes appreciably after making idle adjustment during the succeeding steps,readjust the idle speed to the desired RPM.

(4) When the idling speed has been stabilized, move the cockpit mixture control lever with a smooth,steady pull toward the “Idle Cut-Off” position and observe the tachometer for any change duringthe leaning process. Caution must be exercised to return the mixture control to the “Full Rich”position before the RPM can drop to a point where the engine cuts out. An increase of more than50 RPM while “leaning out” indicates an excessively rich idle mixture. An immediate decrease inRPM (if not preceded by a momentary increase) indicates the idle mixture is too lean.

If the above indicates that the idle adjustment is too rich or too lean, turn the idle mixtureadjustment in the direction required for correction, and check this new position by repeating theabove procedure. Make additional adjustments as necessary until a check results in a momentarypick-up of approximately 50 RPM. Each time the adjustment is changed, the engine should be runup to 2000 RPM to clear the engine before proceeding with the RPM check. Make finaladjustment of the idle speed adjustment to obtain desired idling RPM with closed throttle. Theabove method aims at a setting that will obtain maximum RPM with minimum manifold pressure.In case the setting does not remain stable, check the throttle linkage; any looseness in this linkagewould cause erratic idling. In all cases, allowance should be made for the effect of weatherconditions and field altitude upon idling adjustment.

3. LUBRICATION SYSTEM.

a. Oil Grades and Limitations – Service the engine in accordance with the recommended grade oil asspecified in Section 3, item 9.

b. Oil Suction and Oil Pressure Screens – At each fifty hour inspection remove, inspect for metalparticles, clean and reinstall.

NOTE

On installations employing external oil filters, the inspection of the oil suction screen isimpractical at this time, but should be observed when lubricating oil is changed.

5-5


c. Oil Relief Valve (Non-Adjustable) – The function of the oil pressure relief valve is to maintain engineoil pressure within specified limits. The valve, although not adjustable, may be controlled by theaddition of a maximum of nine STD-425 washers under the cap to increase pressure or the use of aspacer (Lycoming P/N 73629 or 73630) to decrease pressure. A modification on later models haseliminated the need for the spacers. Particles of metal or other foreign matter lodged between the balland seat will result in faulty readings. It is advisable, therefore, to disassemble, inspect and clean thevalve if excessive pressure fluctuations are noted.

d. Oil Relief Valve (Adjustable) – The adjustable oil relief valve enables the operator to maintain engineoil pressure within the specified limits. If the pressure under normal operating conditions shouldconsistently exceed the maximum or minimum specified limits, adjust the valve as follows.

With the engine warmed up and running at approximately 2000 RPM, observe the reading on the oilpressure gauge. If the pressure is above maximum or below minimum specified limits, stop engineand screw the adjusting screw out to decrease pressure and in to increase pressure. Depending oninstallation, the adjusting screw may have only a screw driver slot and is turned with a screw driver;or may have the screw driver slot plus a pinned .375-24 castellated nut and may be turned with eithera screw driver or a box wrench.

4. CYLINDERS. Although the complete procedure for disassembly and reassembly is given here, it isrecommended that, as a field operation, cylinder maintenance be confined to replacement of the entireassembly. Valve replacement should be undertaken only as an emergency measure.

a. Removal of Cylinder Assembly –

(1) Remove exhaust manifold.

(2) Remove rocker box drain tube, intake pipe, baffle and any clips that might interfere with theremoval of the cylinder.

(3) Disconnect ignition cables and remove spark plugs.

(4) Remove rocker box cover and rotate crankshaft until piston is approximately at top center of thecompression stroke. The approximate position may be located by observing top of piston throughthe spark plug hole and also observing that both valves are in the closed position.

(5) Remove the 5/16 x 24 self-locking nut. Thus remove the valve rocker, valve rocker fulcrum shimand rotator from exhaust valve.

NOTE

Do not lose shim when valve rocker fulcrum is removed from cylinder head.

(6) Remove push rods by grasping ball end and pulling rod out of shroud tube. Detach shroud tubespring and lock plate and pull shroud tubes through holes in cylinder head.

NOTE

The hydraulic tappets, push rods, rocker arms and valves must be assembled in the samelocation from which they were removed.

5-6


(7) Remove cylinder base nuts, then remove cylinder by pulling directly away from crankcase. Becareful not to allow the piston and connecting rod to drop against the crankcase as the pistonleaves the cylinder.

b. Removal of Valves and Valve Springs from Cylinder – Place the cylinder over a block of wood so as tohold the valves in a closed position. Compress the valve springs using the valve spring compressor.Remove the split keys from the end of the valve stem. The valve springs and valve spring seats maynow be removed from the cylinder head. Hold the valve stems so that the valves will not fall out andremove the cylinder from the holding block. The valves may now be removed from the inside of thecylinder.

c. Removal of Piston from Connecting Rod – Remove the piston pin plugs. Insert piston pin pullerthrough piston pin, assemble puller nut; then proceed to remove piston pin. Do not allow connectingrod to rest on the cylinder pad of the crankcase. Support with heavy rubber bands, discarded cylinderbase oil ring seals or any other method.

d. Removal, Disassembly, Cleaning, Inspection and Reassembly of Hydraulic Lifters –

(1) Lifter can be withdrawn by fingers.

(2) Being careful not to scratch socket, insert a screw driver into lifter and push. This will force thetrapped oil out of the vent hole and release the pressure on the circlip.

(3) Remove and discard the circlip.

CAUTION

UPON RELEASE, CIRCLIP MAY SPRING UP WITH GREAT FORCE. BE CAREFUL!

(4) Remove the spring, plunger and socket from the lifter and clean the parts and the lifter body insolvent. Inspect the lifter body for the following imperfections.

Spalling – If the face of the lifter shows small nicks or indentations near the center of the face, it isconsidered pitted or spalled. The pitting will constitute small irregular holes, not to be confusedwith Rockwell hardness check marks which are round and even. The area covered by spalling willvary with different lifters, but regardless of the degree, the lifter must be replaced.

Scoring – The lifter face is scored when small scratch like lines are found on the surface. Thesemarks are usually found near the outer edge of the face and will appear to radiate from the center.Other scoring marks may be present and extend to the center of the lifter face. Any lifter, with thiscondition in evidence, must be replaced.

Face Wear – The operation of the lifter provides that the lifter rotates during wiping operation ofthe cam. This will form a groove, or path. This path will extend all the way across the face anddeeper penetrations will be noted at the center of the face. If the wear is excessive, it will benoticeable to the touch if the fingernail is rubbed across the lifter face. This condition requiresreplacement of the lifter body.

(5) Reassemble the spring, plunger and socket into the body and secure with a new circlip.

5-7


NOTE

The lifter must be perfectly dry to obtain proper dry tappet clearance.

e. Assembly of Valves in Cylinder –

(1) Prelubricate valve stems and interior of valve guides with Molytex Grease O or equivalent andinsert each valve stem in its respective guide. Hold valve stems to prevent falling from cylinder.

(2) Place cylinder over a wood block so that the valves are held against the seats and assemble tolower spring seat, auxiliary valve spring and outer valve spring over the valve stem and guide.Place the upper spring seat on top of the springs.

NOTE

When installing valve springs, place the dampener end of spring (close wound coils markedwith dye or lacquer) toward the cylinder.

Using a valve spring compressor (Service Tool ST-419) compress the valve springs and placethe split keys in the groove around the upper end of the valve stem. Slowly release the pressure onthe valve spring compressor and allow the upper spring seat to lock itself in place around the valvekeys.

f. Assembly of Cylinder and Related Parts – Rotate the crankshaft so that the connecting rod of thecylinder being assembled is at the top center position and both tappets are on the base circle of thecam lobe. They can be checked by rocking the crankshaft over center. The tappet should not move atthis position.

(1) Install lifter assembly in its respective position in the crankcase.

(2) Assemble piston with rings so that the cylinder number stamped on the piston pin boss is towardthe front of the engine. The piston pin should be a hand push fit. If difficulty is experienced ininserting the piston pin, it is probably caused by carbon or burrs in the piston pin hole. Inspect andcorrect any problem that hinders the installation of the piston pin. During assembly, always use agenerous quantity of oil, both in the piston pin hole and on the piston pin.

(3) Assemble one piston pin plug at each end of the piston pin and place a new rubber oil seal ringaround the cylinder skirt. Coat piston and rings and the inside of the cylinder generously with oil.

(4) Using a piston ring compressor, assemble the cylinder over the piston so that the intake andexhaust ports are at the bottom of the engine. Push the cylinder all of the way on, catching the ringcompressor as it is pushed off.

NOTE

Before installing cylinder hold-down nuts, lubricate crankcase thru-stud threads with anyone of the following lubricants, or combination of lubricants.1. 90% SAE 50W engine oil and 10% STP.2. Parker Thread Lube.3. 60% SAE 30 engine oil and 40% Parker Thread Lube.

5-8


(5) Install cylinder base hold-down nuts and tighten as directed in the following steps.

NOTE

At any time a cylinder is replaced, it is necessary to retorque the thru-studs on the cylinderon the opposite side of the engine.

(a) Tighten the ½ inch hold-down nuts to 300 in.-lbs. (25 ft.-lbs.) torque, using the sequencebeginning with the top right nut and proceeding clockwise.

(b) Using the same sequence tighten hold-down nuts to 600 in.-lbs. (50 ft.-lbs.) torque.

(c) Tighten 3/8 inch hold-down nut to 300 in.-lbs. (25 ft.-lbs.) torque. Sequence of tightening isoptional.

(d) As a final check, hold the torque wrench on each nut, at the proper torque, for about fiveseconds. If the nut does not turn, it may be presumed to be tightened to correct torque.

CAUTION

AFTER ALL CYLINDER BASE NUTS HAVE BEEN TIGHTENED, REMOVE ANY SMALLNICKS IN THE CYLINDER FINS BY FILING OR BURRING.

(6) Install a new large oil seal on the crankcase end of each shroud tube and fit a new small oil seal inthe groove provided in the rocker box end of each shroud tube. Install each shroud tube throughrocker box and seat the end firmly in the crankcase. Place a spring, a lock plate and nut over thestud provided in the rocker box and secure both shroud tubes in place. Bend the tang of the lockplate to prevent the nut and spring from loosening.

(7) Assemble each push rod in its respective shroud tube, and assemble each fulcrum and rocker armon its respective stud. Install a plain 5/16 x 24 nut to hold rocker in place. Before installingexhaust valve rocker, place rotator cap over end of exhaust valve stem.

(8) Be sure that the piston is at top center of compression stroke and that both valves are closed.Check clearance between the valve stem tip and the valve rocker. In order to check this clearance,place the thumb of one hand on the valve rocker directly over the end of the push rod and pushdown so as to compress the hydraulic tappet spring. While holding the spring compressed, thevalve clearance should be between .028 and .080 inch. If clearance does not come within theselimits, add or subtract shim under fulcrum, as required to correct clearance. After clearance is set,remove plain 5/16 x 24 nut and install 5/16-24 self-locking nut on fulcrum stud. Torque nut to 150in.-lbs.

(9) Install inter-cylinder baffles, rocker box covers, intake pipes, rocker box drain tubes and exhaustmanifold.

6. ALTERNATOR DRIVE BELT TENSION.

Check the tension of a new belt 25 hours after installation. Refer to the latest revision of ServiceInstruction No. 1129 for methods of checking alternator drive belt tension.

5-9


SECTION 6TROUBLE-SHOOTING

Page

Failure of Engine to Start............................................................................................................................ 6-1

Failure of Engine to Idle Properly.............................................................................................................. 6-2

Low Power and Uneven Running............................................................................................................... 6-2

Failure of Engine to Develop Full Power................................................................................................... 6-3

Rough Engine ............................................................................................................................................... 6-3

Low Oil Pressure.......................................................................................................................................... 6-3

High Oil Temperature ................................................................................................................................. 6-4

Excessive Oil Consumption......................................................................................................................... 6-4

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 6O-360 TROUBLE-SHOOTING

SECTION 6

TROUBLE-SHOOTING

Experience has proven that the best method of trouble-shooting is to decide on the various causes of agiven trouble and then to eliminate causes one by one, beginning with the most probable. The followingcharts list some of the more common troubles, which may be encountered in maintaining engines; theirprobable causes and remedies.

1. TROUBLE-SHOOTING – ENGINE

TROUBLE PROBABLE CAUSE REMEDY

Failure of Engine to Start Lack of fuel. Check fuel system for leaks. Fillfuel tank. Clean dirty lines,strainers or fuel valves.

Overpriming. Leak ignition “off” and mixturecontrol in “Idle Cut-Off”, openthrottle and “unload” engine bycranking for a few seconds. Turnignition switch on and proceed tostart in a normal manner.

Defective spark plugs. Clean and adjust or replace sparkplugs.

Defective ignition wire. Check with electric tester, andreplace any defective wires.

Defective battery. Replace with charged battery.

Improper operation of magnetobreaker.

Clean points. Check internaltiming of magnetos. Checkimpulse action of duel breakerpoints. Check lead for grounding.

Lack of sufficient fuel flow. Disconnect fuel line and checkfuel flow.

Water in carburetor. Drain carburetor.

Internal failure. Check oil screens for metalparticles. If found, completeoverhaul of the engine may beindicated.

6-1

SECTION 6 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALTROUBLE-SHOOTING O-360


Failure of Engine to Idle Properly Incorrect idle mixture. Adjust mixture.

Leak in induction system. Tighten all connections in theinduction system. Replace anyparts that are defective.

Incorrect idle adjustment. Adjust throttle stop to obtaincorrect idle.

Uneven cylinder compression. Check condition of piston ringsand valve seats.

Faulty ignition system. Check entire ignition system.

Insufficient fuel pressure. Change fuel pump.

Low Power and Uneven Running Mixture too rich; indicated bysluggish operation, red exhaustflange at night. Extreme casesindicated by black smoke fromexhaust.

Readjustment of carburetor byauthorized personnel is indicated.

Mixture too lean; indicated byoverheating or backfiring.

Readjustment of carburetor byauthorized personnel is indicated.

Leaks in induction system. Tighten all connections. Replacedefective parts.

Defective spark plugs. Clean and gap or replace sparkplugs.

Improper fuel. Fill tank with fuel ofrecommended grade.

Magneto breaker points notworking properly.

Clean points. Check internaltiming of magnetos.

Defective ignition wire. Check wire with electric tester.Replace defective wire.

Defective spark plug terminalconnectors.

Replace connectors on spark plugwire.

Warped exhaust valve. Check compression. Replacevalve if necessary.

6-2

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 6O-360 TROUBLE-SHOOTING


Failure of Engine to Develop FullPower

Leak in induction system. Tighten all connections andreplace defective parts.

Throttle lever out of adjustment. Adjust throttle lever.

Improper fuel flow. Check strainer, gauge and flow atthe fuel inlet.

Restriction in air scoop. Examine air scoop and removerestrictions.

Dirty air filter. Replace filter.

Muffler obstruction. Repair or replace muffler.

Improper fuel. Drain and refill tank withrecommended fuel.

Faulty ignition. Tighten all connections. Checksystem with tester. Check ignitiontiming.

Rough Engine Cracked engine mount. Replace or repair mount.

Defective mounting bushings. Install new mounting bushings.

Defective spark plug or ignitionlead.

Replace spark plug or ignitionleads.

Uneven compression. Check compression.

Low Oil Pressure Insufficient oil. Fill to proper level withrecommended oil.

Chips or dirt in relief valve. Remove and clean oil pressurerelief valve.

Leak in suction line or pressureline.

Check gasket between oil pumpand accessory section.

High oil temperature. See “High Oil Temperature” in“Trouble” column.

Defective pressure gauge. Replace.

Stoppage in oil pump intakepassage.

Check line for obstruction. Cleansuction strainer.

6-3

SECTION 6 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALTROUBLE-SHOOTING O-360


High Oil Temperature Insufficient air cooling. Check air inlet and outlet fordeformation or obstruction.

Insufficient oil supply. Fill to proper level with specifiedoil.

Wrong grade of oil for season. Replace with oil conforming tospecifications.

Clogged oil lines, strainers orcooler.

Remove and clean or replace oilline, strainers, or cooler.

Excessive blow-by. Usually caused by worn or stuckrings.

Failing or failed bearings. Examine sump for metal particles.If found, overhaul of engine isindicated.

Defective temperature gauge. Replace gauge.

Excessive Oil Consumption Wrong seasonal grade of oil. Fill tank with oil conforming tospecifications.

Failing or failed bearings. Check sump for metal particles.

Worn piston rings. Install new rings.

Incorrect installation of pistonrings.

Install new rings.

Failure of ring to seal (newnitrided cylinder).

Use mineral base oil. Climb tocruise altitude at full power andoperate at 75% cruise powersetting until oil consumptionstabilizes.

6-4


SECTION 7INSTALLATION AND STORAGE

Page

Preparation of Engine for Installation....................................................................................................... 7-1

General.......................................................................................................................................................... 7-1

Inspection of Engine Mounting .................................................................................................................. 7-1

Oil and Fuel Line Connections ................................................................................................................... 7-1

Propeller Installation ................................................................................................................................... 7-1

Preparation of Carburetors for Installation.............................................................................................. 7-2

Preparation of Engine for Storage ............................................................................................................. 7-2

Installation Drawing .................................................................................................................................... 7-2

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 7O-360 INSTALLATION AND STORGE

SECTION 7

INSTALLATION AND STORAGE

1. PREPARATION OF ENGINE FOR INSTALLATION. Before installing an engine that has been preparedfor storage, remove all dehydrator plugs, bags of desiccant and preservative oil from the engine.Preservative oil can be removed by removing the bottom spark plugs and turning the crankshaft three orfour revolutions by hand. The preservative oil will then drain through the spark plug holes. Draining will befacilitated if the engine is tilted from side to side during the above operation. Preservative oil which hasaccumulated in the sump can be drained by removing the oil sump plug. Engines that have been stored in acold place should be removed to an environment of at least 70°F (21°C) for a period of 24 hours beforepreservative oil is drained from the cylinders. If this is not possible, heat the cylinders with heat lampsbefore attempting to drain the engine.

After the oil sump has been drained, the plug should be replaced and safety-wired. Fill the sump withlubricating oil. The crankshaft should again be turned several revolutions to saturate the interior of theengine with the clean oil. When installing spark plugs, make sure that they are clean, if not, wash them inclean petroleum solvent. Of course, there will be a small amount of preservative oil remaining in the engine,but this can cause no harm. However, after twenty-five hours of operation, the lubricating oil should bedrained while the engine is hot. This will remove any residual preservative oil that may have been present.

CAUTION

DO NOT ROTATE THE CRANKSHAFT OF AN ENGINE CONTAINING PRESERVATIVEOIL BEFORE REMOVING THE SPARK PLUG, BECAUSE IF THE CYLINDERS CONTAINANY APPRECIABLE AMOUNT OF THE MIXTURE, THE RESULTING ACTION, KNOWNAS HYDRAULICING, WILL CAUSE DAMAGE TO THE ENGINE. ALSO, ANY CONTACTOF THE PRESERVATIVE OIL WITH PAINTED SURFACES SHOULD BE AVOIDED.

General – Should any of the dehydrator plugs, if used, containing crystals of silica-gel or similar material bebroken during their term of storage or upon their removal from the engine, and if any of the contents shouldfall into the engine, that portion of the engine must be disassembled and thoroughly cleaned before using theengine. The oil strainers should be removed and cleaned in gasoline or some other hydrocarbon solvent. Thefuel drain screen located in the fuel inlet of the carburetor should also be removed and cleaned in ahydrocarbon solvent. The operator should also note if any valves are sticking. If they are, this condition canbe eliminated by coating the valve stem generously with a mixture of gasoline and lubricating oil.

Inspection of Engine Mounting – If the aircraft is one from which an engine has been removed, make surethat the engine mount is not bent or damaged by distortion or misalignment as this can produce abnormalstress within the engine.

Oil and Fuel Line Connections – The oil and fuel line connections are called out on the accompanyinginstallation drawings.

Propeller Installation – Consult the airframe manufacturer for information relative to propeller installation.

7-1

SECTION 7 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALINSTALLATION AND STORAGE O-360

2. PREPARATION OF CARBURETORS FOR INSTALLATION.

Carburetors that have been prepared for storage should undergo the following procedures before beingplaced in service.

Carburetor – Remove the fuel drain plug and drain preservative oil. Remove the fuel inlet strainer assemblyand clean in a hydrocarbon solvent. Reinstall the fuel drain plug and fuel inlet strainer assembly.

3. PREPARATION OF ENGINE FOR STORAGE.

Engines installed in aircraft that is inactive should be prepared for corrosion prevention as described in thelatest revision of Service Letter No. L180.

Figure 7-1. Installation Drawing –Left Side View

7-2

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 7O-360 INSTALLATION AND STORAGE

Figure 7-2. Installation Drawing –Right Side View

Figure 7-3. Installation Drawing –Rear View

7-3


SECTION 8TABLES

Page

Table of Limits ............................................................................................................................................. 8-1

Ground Run After Top Overhaul .............................................................................................................. 8-2

Flight Test After Top Overhaul.................................................................................................................. 8-3

Full Throttle HP at Altitude........................................................................................................................ 8-4

Table of Speed Equivalents ......................................................................................................................... 8-4

Centigrade-Fahrenheit Conversion Table................................................................................................. 8-5

Inch Fractions Conversion.......................................................................................................................... 8-6

LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUAL SECTION 8O-360 TABLES

SECTION 8

TABLES

FOR TIGHTENING TORQUE RECOMMENDATIONS AND INFORMATION

CONCERNING TOLERANCES AND DIMENSIONS THAT MUST BE MAINTAINED

IN LYCOMING AIRCRAFT ENGINES, CONSULT THE LATEST REVISION OF

TABLE OF LIMITS NO. SSP-1776.

8-1

SECTION 8 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALTABLES O-360

8-2


8-3

SECTION 8 LYCOMING éê SERIES OPERATOR’S MANUALTABLES O-360

FULL THROTTLE HP AT ALTITUDE(Normally Aspirated Engines)

AltitudeFt.

% S.L.H.P.

AltitudeFt.

% S.L.H.P.

AltitudeFt.

% S.L.H.P.

0500

1,0002,0002,5003,0004,0005,0006,0007,0008,0009,000

10098.596.893.692.090.587.584.681.778.976.273.5

10,00011,00012,00013,00014,00015,00016,00017,00017,50018,00018,50019,000

70.868.365.863.461.058.756.554.353.152.151.450.0

19,50020,00020,50021,00021,50022,00022,50023,00023,50024,00024,50025,000

49.148.047.646.045.244.043.442.241.440.339.538.5

TABLE OF SPEED EQUIVALENTS

Sec./Mi. M.P.H. Sec./Mi. M.P.H. Sec./Mi. M.P.H.

72.060.051.445.040.036.032.730.027.725.7

5060708090

100110120130140

24.022.521.220.018.918.017.116.415.615.0

150160170180190200210220230240

14.413.813.312.812.412.011.611.210.910.6

250260270280290300310320330340

8-4


CENTIGRADE-FAHRENHEIT CONVERSION TABLE

Example: To convert 20°C to Fahrenheit, find 20 in the center column headed (F-C); then read 68.0°F inthe column (F) to the right. To convert 20°F to Centigrade; find 20 in the center column and read –6.67°C inthe (C) column to the left.

C F-C F C F-C F

-56.7-51.1-45.6-40.0-34.0-28.9-23.3-17.8

-12.22-6.671.114.44

10.0015.5621.1126.6732.2237.7843.3348.8954.4450.0065.5671.0076.6782.2287.7893.3398.89

-70-60-50-40-30-20-10

0102030405060708090

100110120130140150160170180190200210

-94.0-76.0-58.0-40.0-22.0

-4.014.032.050.068.086.0

104.0122.0140.0158.0176.0194.0212.0230.0248.0266.0284.0302.0320.0338.0356.0374.0392.0410.0

104.44110.00115.56121.11126.67132.22137.78143.33148.89154.44160.00165.56171.11176.67182.22187.78193.33198.89204.44210.00215.56221.11226.67232.22237.78243.33248.89254.44260.00

220230240250260270280290300310320330340350360370380390400410420430440450460470480490500

428.0446.0464.0482.0500.0518.0536.0554.0572.0590.0608.0626.0644.0662.0680.0698.0716.0734.0752.0770.0788.0806.0824.0842.0860.0878.0896.0914.0932.0

8-5

SECTION 8 LYCOMING OPERATOR’S MANUALTABLES O-360

INCH FRACTIONS CONVERSIONSDecimals, Area of Circles and Millimeters

InchFraction

DecimalEquiv.

AreaSq. In.

MMEquiv.

InchFraction

DecimalEquiv.

AreaSq. In.

MMEquiv.

1/641/323/641/163/327/641/8

5/3211/643/167/3215/64

1/49/3219/645/1611/3223/64

3/813/3227/647/1615/3231/64

.0156

.0312

.0469

.0625

.0937

.1094.125

.1562

.1719

.1875

.2187

.2344.25

.2812

.2969

.3125

.3437

.3594.375

.4062

.4219

.4375

.4687

.4844

.0002

.0008

.0017

.0031

.0069

.0094

.0123

.0192

.0232

.0276

.0376

.0431

.0491

.0621

.0692

.0767

.0928

.1014

.1105

.1296

.1398

.1503

.1725

.1842

.397

.7941.1911.5872.3812.7783.1753.9694.3664.7625.5565.5936.3507.1447.5407.9378.7319.1289.525

10.31910.71611.11211.90612.303

1/217/3235/649/1619/3239.645/8

21/3243/6411/1623/3247/64

3/425/3251/6413/1627/3255/64

7/829/3259/6415/1631/3263/64

.5.5312.5469.5625.5937.6094.625

.6562

.6719

.6875

.7187

.7344.75

.7812

.7969

.8125

.8437

.8594.875

.9062

.9219

.9375

.9687

.9844

.1964

.2217

.2349

.2485

.2769

.2916

.3068

.3382

.3545

.3712

.4057

.4235

.4418

.4794

.4987

.5185

.5591

.5800

.6013

.6450

.6675

.6903

.7371

.7610

12.70013.49413.89114.28815.08115.47815.87516.66917.06517.46218.25618.65319.05019.84420.24120.63721.43121.82822.22523.01923.41623.81224.60625.003

8-6

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