optic nerve

StriateCortex

(V1)

Hubel & Wiesel

1 deg

Hallem & Carlson 2006 (via Rachel)

Hallem & Carlson 2006

amines

lactones

acids

sulfur

terpenes

aldehydes

ketones

aromatics

alcohols

esters

Odorant Receptors

StriateCortex

(V1)

Hubel & Wiesel

1 deg

StriateCortex

(V1)

1 deg

IT face cell

Tsao et al. 2006

11

20 faces!

Marge Livingstone & Doris Tsao

Distribution of Face Selectivity Indices

Marge Livingstone & Doris Tsao

xxxx

xxxx

xxxx

Hubel & Wiesel 1962

LGN

Striate Cortex

X = excitation = inhibition

++

+

R1

Sclar & Freeman 1982

response(spikes/s)

orientation

80% contrast

40% contrast

80

0

-25º +25º0º

McAdams & Maunsell 1999

attend in

attend out

1.0

0.5

0.0-90º -60º -30º 0º 30º 60º 90º

V4response

orientation

Kohn & Movshon 2004

0

50

100

-180 1800direction of motion

spikes/s

adaptingdirection

140 spikes/s

Early: 65 to 85 ms

= 45° = 90° = 135°

Late: >150 ms

140 spikes/s

Pack & Born 2001

Lorençeau et al. 1993

Shadlen & Newsome 1994

trial #

sp/sec

time (ms)

Spikes from an MT Neuron: Identical Stimulus, 210 Repeats

Michele Fabre-Thorpe

http://www.cerco.ups-tlse.fr/fr_vers/annuaire/michele_fabre_thorpe.htm#

Rapid Scene Perception: Time of 1st Spike?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogram_equalization

Attneave 1954

Webster, Mizokami, and Webster 2007