options for south-south cooperation on transport namas
DESCRIPTION
By Holger Dalkmann. December 2, 2011. Durban, South Africa.TRANSCRIPT
Supported by
Options for South-South cooperation on transport
NAMA’s – Large Commercial Vehicles Renovation
Experiences in Colombia and México
Holger Dalkmann and Dario Hidalgo EMBARQ Hilda Martínez, Sayel Cortés, Gabriela Niño EMBARQ-CTS
MexicoA GIZ TRANSfer Program Study
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Where do I find suitable experience on Transport NAMA?
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Here? (Bangalore, India)
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Here? (Durban, South Africa)
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Background
Interest of the Government of Colombia tackling climate change and access international support
Freight Transport in Colombia: 12% of total emissions, 33% of energy related emissions.
Interested in developing a NAMA on the existing fleet replacement program for large commercial vehicles
Learn from the experience of other emerging economy (Mexico)
Existing project enables support (GIZ – BMU – ICI)
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Colombia – Current SituationFreight
95% is road based
Fleet average age: 22 years
71% trucks are 10+ years old
45% trucks are 20+ years old
Freight transport
37% oil consumption
2.9 Mton of CO2 (2008)
http://images.travelpod.com/tw_slides/ta00/e5d/12c/c-camion-tipico-de-colombia-pereira.jpg
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Colombia – Current Situation
Urban Transport
Semi-informal, competition on the street for passengers, poor quality
Estimated fleet oversupply 45%
Fleet average 10+ years old
National programs co-funding urban transport reform in several cities
www.mintransporte.gov.co
Mass Transit 8 Large Cities
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Colombia – Freight Transport renovation program
Established in 2008
New vehicles need to replace old ones or pay a “scrapping fee”
~USD 100 million collected (2008 and April, 2011)
~4000 scrapped vehicles
~46,800 tons/year of CO2 reduced
http://noticiasrevistanuevomilenio.blogspot.com/2011/08/programa-de-chatarrizacion-de-camiones.html
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Key Barriers in the Colombian renovation fleet programs
(Lack of) Institutional capacity at the managing agencies
Complex process, specially difficult for individual owners (majority)
Funding depends on new vehicles being added (“scrapping fee”)
Leakage due to loopholes in regulation and difficulties in controlling actual scrapping
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Mexico – Freight and Passenger Transport renovation program
Started in 2008
Freight vehicles 10+ years old and Passenger 8+ years old receive credit for up to 15% to buy a new vehicle
15,050 vehicles scrapped
USD 215 million USD
Savings
~892 million of liters of diesel
~2.25 Mtons of CO2
http://www.eltotonacapan.com/nota/12835/transporte-pblico-va-sobre-camiones-chatarra.html
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Mexican vs Colombian Renovation Programs
Similar needs – similar problemsObsolete fleets
Dispersed ownership (one man-one truck/bus)
Poor registry
Key differencesFunding sources: Colombia private, Mexico public
Institutional settings: Colombia separate for trucks (national) and buses (local); Mexico common federal program
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Lessons from Mexico
Funding source: Money at front from public sources
Management through a trust fund; use over several years
Improved information and registry:
complete database
proof of scrapping
Registry of new vehicles and its usage (to report actual impacts)
Targeting small owners with appropriate financial tools
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Where do I find suitable experience on Transport NAMA?
Bilateral agency as an Facilitator, Funder, Enabler (GIZ- BMU – ICI)
Local Center with a international network (EMBARQ)
Policy Maker as key stakeholder (Mexico, Colombia)
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1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010
Cities with BRT/Bus Corridors
Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid
Curitiba
Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia
Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada
Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid
Curitiba
Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia
Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada
Bogotá TransMilenioLos Angeles Metrorapid
Curitiba
Guanghzhou, Hefei, Yancheng, Zaozhuang -ChinaJaipur - India; Pelembang, Gorontalo, Surakata - Indonesia
Bangkok - Thailand; East London Transit - UKJoão Pessoa - Brazil; Barranquilla, Bucaramanga - ColombiaEstado México - México; Lima - Perú; Brampton - Canada
Source: EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011
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830 km
6 kmSource: CTS Brasil, EMBARQ BRT/Bus Corridors Database, January, 2011
About 120 cities with BRT or bus corridors 4,335 km - 6,683 stations – 30,000 buses
26.8 million passengers per weekday
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La Asociación Latinoamericana de Sistemas Integrados y BRT (SIBRT) trabaja por el desarrollo y la mejora de la calidad del transporte público urbano en la
región.
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Barriers in south- south cooperation
Lack of funding
Lack of programs
Examples often North-South
‘Northern’ expertise sometimes higher valued
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Success FactorsCountries interested in apply policies that have been successful in countries with the same type of development.
International cooperation agencies and multilateral development banks role as Enabler
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Success FactorsSimilar problems- similar needs:
South -south cooperation is very effective as conditions, issues, institutional settings, barriers and opportunities are similar
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OpportunitiesEstablish a south – south knowledge sharing network
Create synergies for the development of transport NAMAs
Create funding opportunities
Leverage funding from multilateral development banks or international cooperation agencies
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Thank you for your attention!
Holger Dalkmann Email: [email protected]ío Hidalgo Email: [email protected]
Hilda Martínez Email: [email protected]
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Colombia – Urban Transport Programs
Strategic Public Transportation Systems (SETP)• Improves public transportation systems in 12 middle-sized cities
(250,000-600,000 inhabitants).• Includes restructuring local public transportation and fee collection
systems, develop traffic light systems and operation management systems, revise fee calculation methodology and constructing any required infrastructure
• Started in 2009 with 7 cities and aprox. 1.1 million USD (76.1% comes from public funding, the rest from private sources).
• As part of this program, public transport fleets will be reduced since oversupply has been identified in all cities.
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Colombia – Passenger transport renovations
programsMass Transportation Systems (Sistemas de Transporte Masivos, STM)• Mass Transportation Systems are used to organize
transportation in big cities. o Currently working: Bogotá, Pereira, Cali, Barranquilla,
Bucamarangao Under development: Cartagena and Medellíno Planning stage: Cúcuta
• The implementation of these systems always includes renovation programs which varies in each city.o As an example, Bogotá's Transmilenio system had by 2002 taken
out aprox 1,500 vehicles. This number increased to 6,014 by 2009.
Sources:• Transmilenio: Sistema Integrado de Transporte Masivo (Bogotá, Colombia). Experiencia seleccionada del Concurso de Buenas Prácticas, 2002. 26-06-2002
http://habitat.aq.upm.es/bpal/onu02/bp129.html consultado 09/11/11.• EMBARQ, Evaluación Ex-post. Sistema de Transporte Masivo de Bogotá, Fases I y II, Informe 4, Noviembre, 2009