Dr RAMESH BHARTI

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Dental Caries-

Tooth Decay

Peridontal (gum)

Disease

Causes of Dental Caries:

1. Poor oral hygiene

2. Sweet and sticky foods,

drinks

3. Bad or worn out fillings

4. Dry mouth

5. Crowding of teeth

Smooth surface caries Dental Caries

Tooth

BacteriaCarbohydrates

Decay

Food getting stuck

in between teeth

Bad Breath

Tooth ache

Tooth Sensitivity

Good oral hygiene habits

Fluoride application:

home care

professional application

Scaling

Pits and Fissures Sealants

Fluoride Tray Application Fluoride- Home care

Removal of infected deposits- plaques

& calculus, and stains from surfaces of

teeth.

Simple procedure by a dentist to keep your

gums healthy and firm.

How often should it be done???

Any problems with scaling??

Can it damage my teeth??

Before After

Fillings- Silver Amalgam &

Composite

Root Canal Treatment

Extraction

Gingivitis Periodontitis

Symptoms:

•Bleeding gums

•Swollen red gums

•Receding gums

•Gums pulling away from

teeth

•Black/yellow deposits on

teeth

•Loose or sensitive teeth

•Bad breath (pus)

Causes:

•Poor Oral Hygiene

•Hormonal Changes

•Certain Medications

•Poor Nutrition

•Ill fitting dentures,

braces.

•Smoking

•Diabetes

•HIV infection

Good oral hygiene practices

Scaling & Root Planning

Periodontal Surgery

Causes:

Accumulation of plaque, calculus

Gum disease

Dental Caries

Dry mouth

Bacteria on tongue

Abscess teeth

Oral cancer

Smoking

Other causes- digestion problems, sinusitis,

cough cold etc

Prevention Treatment

Proper oral hygiene

maintenanceTreatment of underlying

problem

Dental treatment

Smoking cessation

Avoid certain foods

Keep the mouth hydrated

Causes:

•Tooth attrition

•Tooth erosion

•Tooth abrasion

•Cracked tooth

•Indentation of tooth

•Gum recession

Correct brushing technique

Consumption of water after acidic foods

Do not brush immediately after eating (1/2 hr gap)

Reduce/stop carbonated drinks

Use of straw for minimal contact with teeth.

Use of sugar free chewing gums.

Scaling

Restorations- Composites/GIC

Crowns (caps)

Fluoride application

Periodontal Surgery

Malignment of teeth•Crooked teeth

•Spacing between teeth

•Crowded teeth

Fluorosis teeth stains Tobacco stains

Tetracyclines Tooth Trauma

Gummy smile Fractured / missing teeth

PREVENTION

Interceptive/preventive orthodontics

Habit breaking devices- digit sucking, lip biting,

mouth breathing, tongue thrusting

Avoid certain medications in childhood &

pregnancy- tetracyclines

Avoid smoking

Orthodontics

Tooth colored braces

Lingual orthodontics

Invisalign

Bleaching Veneers

Also :

Composites, Periodontal surgery, lasers,

teeth replacements (bridges, dental

implants, zirconia- CAD/CAM

Zirconia crowns Implants

Cause: Unknown

Palliative treatment

Vitamin supplements, zinc, folic acid

Anesthetic , antiseptic Mouthwashes, ointments,

gels

Antacids, antihistaminics

“Oral Canceraccounts for one-third of the

total cancer cases and 90% of

the patients are tobacco

users”.

Tobacco use in any form

Heavy consumption of alcohol

Prolonged exposure to radiation

Prolonged irritation to cheek/tongue with sharp

object

White/red patch of skin of mouth or under the

tongue that does not go away

Lump in the mouth or throat

Sore/ulcer that bleeds & does not heal for more

than 2 weeks

Difficulty in swallowing for a prolonged period of

time.

Get a check up done every 6 months

Report to the doctor/dentist if any of the

symptoms show up

Biopsy for diagnosis

Surgical treatment

Twice daily

Correct brushing method

Choose the right brush

Soft/ultra soft

Small kids tooth brush

Electric/battery operated

When to change??

Every 3 months or when the bristles flare

Removes plaque & bacteria from areas where

the brush cannot reach

Best done before brushing.

Best done 1 hour after brushing

Consult your dentist to help you choose the

right mouth wash for you

Chlorhexidine/fluoride/anti sensitivity

Use 15 minutes after meals

Stimulates salivary secretion

Removes food & debris & plaque from mouth

Reduces & resists the urge of smoking

Fluoridated tooth paste

Non Fluoridated tooth paste (kids <3 yrs)

Anti sensitivity tooth pastes

Avoid eating sweets & sticky foods, aerated drinks

Eats foods rich in fibre

Fruits & vegetables (natural cleansers)

Drinking plenty of water

Sip some water after eating that will help dilute the

acids

Rinse your mouth after meals