oral sets

You are here : ORALS >> Master - ASM MMD Oral Question and Answers asked by Surveyor Capt.

Sengupta at MMD kolkata

SHARE WITH FRIENDS : |More

Following are the Master - ASM MMD Oral Question and Answers asked by Surveyor Capt.

Sengupta at MMD kolkata

1 times has asked

Q. 1 On a vessel with 32 persons onboard and accomodation amidships, if all liferafts

condemned, what is minimum number of liferafts to be ordered?

1 ) 06 persons fwd & 06 persons aft; 32 persons life raft on port & stbd together if transferable

otherwise 32 persons on each side.

Satyarthi (175)

This comment has not been rated. Please Rate :

2 ) 06 persons fwd & 06 persons aft; 32 persons life raft on port & stbd together if transferable

otherwise 32 persons on each side.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 2 Where would you find load density of deck?

1 ) CARGO STOWAGE & SECURING MANUAL

ad_doodle2007 (1466)


2 ) Stability Booklet

amitkume27 (3)


1 times has asked

Q. 3 Which certificates are to be displayed on the bulkhead and why?

1 ) Certficate A and Loadline certificate to be exhibited as per MS act.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 4 Name one certificate, checking which would ensure that all other certificates are valid?

1 ) Safety Management Certificate

Satyarthi (175)


2 ) no doa applied for other cargo

tulu (3)


1 times has asked

Q. 5 Is DOA only for grain cargo?

1 ) Yes only for Grain cargo.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 6 What is the period of validity of Safe Manning Certificate?

1 ) The Minimum Safe Manning Certificate issued to a ship by the Administration shall

remain valid subject to validity of the Certificate of Registry provided there is no change

of name, navigating area, operating company or any major alteration or modification of

the ship.

onklur (109)

1 user Rated :

2 ) Upon provisional registration, and provided that he would have been furnished with the

relevant Application Form duly completed and signed by the ship owner, the Registrar of

Shipping will issue a Minimum Safe Manning Certificate (MSMC) in respect of the Ship, valid for

five (5) years, renewable thereafter upon Application to that effect for further periods of five (5)

years each.

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 7 Range and arc of visibility of lights on basis of length of vessel?

1 ) Masthead light – 225 – 22.5, Sidelight 112.5 – 22.5, Stern light 135 and 67.5, in a vsl of less

than 20 mtrs sidelights may be combined.

Range: Vsl > than 50 mtrs Masthead 6 miles, Rest all lights 3 miles.

Vessel > 12mtrs but less than 50 mtrs Masthead 5 miles (vsel > than 12 mtrs but , than 20 mtrs

masthead 3 miles) rest all 2 miles

Vsl < than 12 mtrs: Masthead 2 miles, sidelights 1 miles and rest all 2 miles.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 8 If your heading is 320, at what bearing is the situation overtaking and when is it crossing?

1 ) If She is coming >22.5 abaft the beam then overtaking, otherwise she is crossing.

Satyarthi (175)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 9 Lights on a vessel pushing ahead and towing alongside?

1 ) Same lights that is side light and stern light and 2 masthead light in a vertical line.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 10 Anchor lights on a fishing vessel?

1 ) no anchor light by fishing vessel. only light which is given in rule 26.

vks_sd (52)


1 times has asked

Q. 11 Plenty of situations based on cards - do not take action as specified in card - do as you

would in reality ie aquire target, check bearings, then act.

1 ) YES VERY RIGHT

MANAVI (4)


1 times has asked

Q. 12 What is scanty information ie how many bearings before action?

1 ) Scanty means not optimum information as to the target. 03 bearings before actions

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 13 RV, one vessel on port qtr and other at stbd qtr, what action?

1 ) Reduce speed, take all way off.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 14 Abt Capt Sengupta - puts candidates at ease. Gives max importance to navigation. To

pass, must be able to id cards and take correct actions.

No comments for this Question.


J.K. Bose at MMD kolkata


Following are the Master - ASM MMD Oral Question and Answers asked by Surveyor Capt. J.K. Bose

at MMD kolkata

4 times has asked

Q. 1 DOA ? Grain loading requirements ?


4 times has asked

Q. 2 Can all Bulk Carrier Load grain ? Criteria for loading Grain?


4 times has asked

Q. 3 ROR CARD- Towing vessel port side 4pts, 4 miles. Action?

1 ) You are the Standon vessel no action needed. If the giveway vessel is not altering than 5

short and rapid blasts to confirm its action. If still it does not alter than swing hard stb and pass

the astern of the towing vessel.

JAHAJEE (2715)


4 times has asked

Q. 4 ROR CARD- N cardinal Buoy your co 270. Action ?

1 ) A/C to Stb and pass north of it e.g keeping it to your port.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

4 times has asked

Q. 5 ROR CARD- P.D. can see both side lights V/L 4 points stb bow 4 miles. Action?

1 ) Since both sidelights can already be seen so you are already ahead of the other vessel and

hence no cation needed now and can continue on the same course and speed.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

4 times has asked

Q. 6 HVR does not apply to deck cargoes then how are Timber cargoes carried?


3 times has asked

Q. 7 What are the various Information in damage control plan ?

1 ) 1. Boundaries/Location of the Water tight Compartments.

2. Any openings and location of such opening in the W/T Compartment.

3. Device and there location to close such W/T Openings.

4. Indicators and signals of the status of opening (closed/open) and there location. One always

on bridge.

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 times has asked

Q. 8 Liabilities of MTO ?

1 ) 920 SDR per package / 2.75 SDR per kg

parmanand (6)


3 times has asked

Q. 9 How will you make sure that SMS is being implemented onboard just after joining as Master

?


3 times has asked

Q. 10 Why STCW 95 but MARPOL 73/78 ?

1 ) STCW 95 completely revised the STCW 78 which was in force. MARPOL 73 was not yet in force

when the Protocol of 78 came . MARPOL 73 already covered pollution by Oil, Chemicals,Harmful

substances in packaged form, sewage and Garbage. Protocol of 78 added measures related to

tanker design and operation (like COW). Thus while STCW 95 completely revised STCW 78 ,

MARPOL protocol 78 added new measures, hence MARPOL is referred as -

INTERNATIONAL CONVENTION FOR THE PREVENTION OF MARINE POLLUTION FROM SHIPS,1973

AS MODIFIED BY THE PROTOCOL OF 1978 RELATING THERETO(MARPOL 73/78)

Phew !!!!

JAHAJEE (2715)

6 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 11 You are in a river with stern current? How will you berth alongside? How will you do short

turn?

1 ) The short turn can be achieved by dredging the anchor if the vessel is in restricted waters

JAHAJEE (2715)

3 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 12 Can all Bulk Carrier load grain ?


3 times has asked

Q. 13 You are anchored 0.5 miles ahead of another anchored vessel. You found anchor not

holding, started to drift aft(current from fwd). Action?

1 ) You do not have space for lowering more shackles and second anchor too cannot be

dropped ....well you can say all the precautions of dragging anchor but in the end do not forget

to say:

You will use the rudder and keep it hard toward the side opposite to that in which the anchor is

dropped.

Refer

Book : The Theory and Practice of Seamanship

Edition : 11

Author : Graham Danton

Pg No. : 23

JAHAJEE (2715)

3 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 14 How will you send cargo from Kolkata to UK via MTO ?


2 times has asked

Q. 15 SITUATION - You are a P.D. V/L and you see a tow on your Port bow ? What action will you

take and under which rule ? At what distance will you alter the Course ?

1 ) You are standon .Alteration to stb if the give way vessel not responding. Alteration at

minimum 6 miles (Safe Navigation).

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) Do not forget to sound 5 short and rapid blast prior any alteration to confirm about the give

ways vessel action.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 16 What are the Expressed and Implied warranties ?

1 ) EXPRESSED WARRANTY

===================

(1) An express warranty may be in any form of words from which the intention to warrant is to

be inferred.

(2) An express warranty must be included in, or written upon, the policy, or must be contained

in some document incorporated by reference into the policy.

(3) An express warranty does not exclude implied warranty, unless it be inconsistent therewith.

Example of Exp Warranty:

A] NAVIGATION / TRADING WARRANTY

B] TOWING WARRANTIES

C] SALVAGE WARRANTIES etc

In short anything which is written is expressed

IMPLIED WARRANTY

================

Warranty not included in or endorsed on the policy.


A] SEAWORTHINESS

B] LEGALITY

C] NEUTRALITY

In short anything which is understood is implied

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 17 Current from behind. Manoeuverabilty and berth v/l ?


2 times has asked

Q. 18 You are the master of Tanker and required to join with 20 new crew from Rotterdam? How

will you go about? Where will you sign the Article of Agreement

1 ) AOA can be signed at the agents office also no need to go to the shipping masters office...

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

2 ) ensure proper handing over and taking over. familirisation to be carried our as per company

check list. carr out drill b4 dep. AOA same as above

ajanup18 (84)

2 user Rated :

3 ) it depends upon flag of v/l..u can sign aoa on board also..or b4 joining d v/l in office..

samb (71)

1 user Rated :

4 ) Ref. MSA 58, Art. 116:

(a) ... procure sanction of the consular officer, and shall,... engage the seaman before that

officer.

(b) ...Indian consular officer to endorse upon the agreement an attestation to the effect, that it

has been signed in his presence...

ottokarapt (3)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 19 What statutory certificates are carried on Tankers?


2 times has asked

Q. 20 EPIRB Distress signal route?


2 times has asked

Q. 21 What is the purpose of Council in IMO?

1 ) 1)composed of 40 member states 20 elected by the assembly for 2 tear terms 3)it is the

executive organ of the imo 4)responsible for supervising imo working 5)performs the function of

the assembly in between sessions



2 times has asked

Q. 22 Distress message received, you are south of Sri Lanka. What is your duty ?


2 times has asked

Q. 23 Why is USA insisting on HAMBURG Rule ?

1 ) hamburg is more shipper friendly

jjos20 (1062)


2 times has asked

Q. 24 How many Class certificates are issued by Classification Society?


2 times has asked

Q. 25 Open moor, Standing and running moor? Which one to use and when ?


2 times has asked

Q. 26 During Multimodal transport part of cargo damaged during Railwy transport. Who will be

liable and how much ?


2 times has asked

Q. 27 Can anyone become a MTO? Conditions?


2 times has asked

Q. 28 C1,C2 and C3 marking on STP ships ?

1 ) As per MS(Construction and Survey of Passenger Ships) Rules, 1981 rule 25, C1 is the

principle subdivision load line and if the ship is provided with other load lines they shall be

marked as c2, c3....and so on.

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 29 GMDSS A1 and A2 areas and the equipments ?


1 times has asked

Q. 30 Who approves the damage control Plan ?

1 ) It is issued by the shipyard and approved by the classification society (remember the class

stamp on damage stability booklet which every inspector wants to see?)

chithi_dis (87)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 31 Stowaways are governed by which convention ? Briefly explain ?

1 ) Brussels convention

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 32 Is any state bound to take stowaway? What if you can prove the nationality ?


1 times has asked

Q. 33 Seaman's Identity Document ?


1 times has asked

Q. 34 A Stowaway is Found after 2 days of sailing from Port. Action ?


1 times has asked

Q. 35 Man overboard, action ?


1 times has asked

Q. 36 Article of agreement ?


1 times has asked

Q. 37 CAS In detail ?


1 times has asked

Q. 38 COR lost. what action will you take if the V/L is Indian Registered and when Foreign

Registered ?


1 times has asked

Q. 39 ROR CARD- Pilot Vessel sound signal ?


1 times has asked

Q. 40 What are Cargo safety Certificate or Safety Certificates?


1 times has asked

Q. 41 Difference between Controllable Pitch Propellor and Variable pitch propellor?


1 times has asked

Q. 42 What are Layup returns in Insurance ?


1 times has asked

Q. 43 About Capt J.K.Bose

1 ) Capt. Bose is the most experienced capt out there and is very kind during Orals. Most of the

questions asked by him are from his question sets only.

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 44 Where are Indian LUT situated? Where are the MCC?

1 ) ISRO BANGALORE.

onklur (109)


1 times has asked

Q. 45 How many shares in Cert of Registry?

1 ) MAXIMUM 10

amitsahrawat (16)


1 times has asked

Q. 46 Defaced Cert of Registry. Action?


1 times has asked

Q. 47 How will you get COFR ?


1 times has asked

Q. 48 Under Voyage C/P what will you look for first in the C/P ?


1 times has asked

Q. 49 What is PSC MOU ?

1 ) Regional cooperation among port States has led to the concluding of Memoranda of

Understanding or MOUs, to promote and realize more effective PSC for a given region.

vks_sd (52)


1 times has asked

Q. 50 MOB action ? Which turn in Restricted Visibility ?

1 ) Williamson Turn

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 51 Fire in No.2 Hold? Action? How will you come to know how many CO2 cylinders to use ?


1 times has asked

Q. 52 How is muster list prepared on Passenger Ships?


1 times has asked

Q. 53 Certificates of Passenger ships?


1 times has asked

Q. 54 STPS, Cert A, Cert B? How will you get Cert B?


1 times has asked

Q. 55 CSR- who issues? Who can make changes in CSR and when ?


1 times has asked

Q. 56 Harmonised system of survey? Details?


1 times has asked

Q. 57 Action to every distress alert in various sea area?


1 times has asked

Q. 58 Why is Margin line 76 cm below Deck line ?

1 ) Each watertight subdivision bulkhead, whether transverse or longitudinal, should be

constructed in such a manner that it should be capable of supporting, with a proper margin of

resistance, the pressure due to the maximum head of water which it might have to sustain in

the event

of damage to the ship but at least the pressure due to a head of water up to the margin line. The

construction of these bulkheads should be to the satisfaction of the Administration.

tenzamathur (81)


1 times has asked

Q. 59 Is cert of class the only cert which determines the class?


1 times has asked

Q. 60 Difference between Assembly and Council ?


1 times has asked

Q. 61 What is hot pursuit and what is Base line ?

1 ) hot pursuit is a right of authority let say police to go for a search without a search warrant

due to a condition that if time wasted in obtaining the warrant would cause no help in enquiry.

and Base line as described in UNCLOS it is the low water line along the coast as marked on large

scale approved chart.

kuberpandey (65)

1 user Rated :

2 ) As per UNCLOS every state has the right to pursue and investigate any vessel involved in a

crime against the state. The government vessel (coast gaurd/navy) can pursue the rogue vessel

even upon the high seas but only till the time that the vessel is outside the waters of another

state.

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 62 What is MAS ?

1 ) WHEN REQUIRED ?

Guidelines for Coastal States

4.1 Resolution A.950(23) outlines the situations in which the services of the MAS are involved;

they are:

.1 the ship is involved in an incident (e.g., loss of cargo, accidental discharge of oil, etc.) that

does not impair its seakeeping ability but nevertheless has to be reported;

.2 the ship, according to its Master’s assessment, is in need of assistance but not in a distress

situation (about to sink,fire developing, etc.) that requires the rescue of those on board; and

.3 the ship is found to be in a distress situation and those on board have already been rescued,

with the possible exception of those who had remained aboard or have been placed on board to

attempt to deal with the ship’s situation.

WHO CONTROLS IT IN INDIA?

The Directorate General of Shipping (DG Commcentre) is the Maritime Assistance Service (MAS)

nodal point in India complying under IMO Resolution A. 950 (23).

The DG Comm. Centre operates as MAS (Maritime Assistance Services) on 24 x 7 basis and

should be contacted as advised above. The full style is as follows:

DG Commcentre,

Tel: 0091 22 2261 0606, 2261 4646, 32959320

Fax: 0091 22 2261 3636

E-mail: [email protected]; [email protected]



1 times has asked

Q. 63 SOx and NOx? How to control the same? MARPOL which Annex ?


1 times has asked

Q. 64 Piracy in Malacca strait. Action ?


1 times has asked

Q. 65 In case the ship is mortgaged, where will it be entered? If one of the creditor want his

money back, what to do ?


1 times has asked

Q. 66 When can ship crew claim for salvage?

1 ) When a crew properly abandons their vessel (on the orders of the master and without hope

or expectation of returning to her), the crew are no longer employed under the Crew Agreement

and the vessel becomes a "derelict". If the (former) crew members subsequently manage to re-

board and save the vessel, they do so as volunteers and may have a valid claim to a salvage

reward.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 67 What Certificate is given as par as Loadline Certificate?

1 ) For Vessel more then 24 mtr in lenght...

i)International Load Line Certificate.

ii)International Load Line Certificate.

vks_sd (52)


2 ) Loadline Exemption Certificate masy be granted to:-

1. Ship which embodies features of a novel kind

2. Ship not on international voyages when proceeding for an uinternation voyage shall be

granted a Load line exemption certificate for 01 voyage.

3. If the administration considers that between 2 ports the voyage is of sheltered nature.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 68 Is a country can claim compensation as per Fund Conv. if it imports less than 150000 t of

oil...even after ratifying FUND Convention?


1 times has asked

Q. 69 In Formal Investigation (MS Act) can only 1st class Magistrate/Metropolitan Magistrate can

cancel a certificate of an officer? Can anybody else cannot


1 times has asked

Q. 70 showed a west cardinal buoy. own course 180 deg towards buoy. action.


1 times has asked

Q. 71 certificate of registry.


1 times has asked

Q. 72 scopic clause


1 times has asked

Q. 73 Responsibilities between vessels.


1 times has asked

Q. 74 Structure of IMO.


1 times has asked

Q. 75 Port lateral mark buoy in region B. How you will pass your ship?


1 times has asked

Q. 76 CLC and fund convention.



M. K. Deb at MMD kolkata


Following are the Master - ASM MMD Oral Question and Answers asked by Surveyor Capt. M. K.

Deb at MMD kolkata

4 times has asked

Q. 1 How is MARPOL Annex 3 different from IMDG Code ? Where will you find the Marine

pollutant in IMDG Code ?

1 ) The Annex also comprises general requirements to issue detailed regulations regarding

packing, labelling, documentation, stowage, limits on size, etc to satisfy demands on safety and

to reduce the risks of pollution by noxious substances. To facilitate for the accession the

International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) has also been amended to include marine

pollutants.

surajgautam2000 (112)


2 ) Each substance defined as harmful to the marine environment is identified as marine

pollutant in column 4 of its entry in the Dangerous Goods List

anshuman (83)


3 times has asked

Q. 2 What is MLC ?Explain in detail what is the most important feature of MLC ?

1 ) 1. What is the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006?

It is an important new international labour Convention that was adopted by the International

Labour Conference of the International Labour Organization (ILO), under article 19 of its

Constitution at a maritime session in February 2006 in Geneva, Switzerland. It sets out

seafarers’ rights to decent conditions of work and helps to create conditions of fair competition

for shipowners. It is intended to be globally applicable, easily understandable, readily updatable

and uniformly enforced. The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 has been designed to become a

global legal instrument that, once it enters into force, will be the the “fourth pillar” of the

international regulatory regime for quality shipping, complementing the key Conventions of the

International Maritime Organization (IMO) such as the International Convention for the Safety of

Life at Sea, 1974, as amended (SOLAS), the International Convention on Standards of Training,

Certification and Watchkeeping, 1978, as amended (STCW) and the International Convention for

the Prevention of Pollution from Ships, 73/78 (MARPOL).

2. Why is it also sometimes called the consolidated Maritime Labour Convention, 2006?

The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 contains a comprehensive set of global standards, based

on those that are already found in 68 maritime labour instruments (Conventions and

Recommendations), adopted by the ILO since 1920. The new Convention brings almost all of the

existing maritime labour instruments together in a single new Convention that uses a new

format with some updating, where necessary, to reflect modern conditions and language. The

Convention “consolidates” the existing international law on all these matters. The Conventions

addressing the seafarers’ identity documents were recently revised in 2003 (Convention Nos.

108 and 185) and are not included in the new Convention. In addition, the Seafarers’ Pension

Convention, 1946 (No. 71) and one Convention (The Minimum Age (Trimmers and Stokers)

Convention, 1921 (No. 15)), which is no longer relevant to the sector, are not consolidated by

the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006.

3. When will the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 come into force and what will happen to the

existing Conventions?

The Convention will enter into force:

" …12 months after the date on which there have been registered ratifications by at least 30

Members with a total share in the world gross tonnage of ships of 33 per cent."

This is a much higher than the usual ratification level (for ILO Conventions) and it uses a new

formula that is intended to assure greater actual impact of the Convention. It reflects the fact

that the enforcement and compliance system established under the Convention needs

widespread international cooperation in order to be effective. Since many of the obligations

under the Convention are directed to shipowners and flag States it is important that ILO

Members with a strong maritme interest and a high level of tonnage operating under their legal

jurisdiction ratify the Convention.

The existing ILO maritime labour Conventions will be gradually phased out as ILO Member States

that have ratified those Conventions ratify the new Convention, but there will be a transitional

period when some parallel Conventions will be in force. Countries that ratify the Maritime

Labour Convention, 2006 will no longer be bound by the existing Conventions when the new

Convention comes into force for them. Countries that do not ratify the new Convention will

remain bound by the existing Conventions they have ratified, but those Conventions will be

closed to further ratification.

4. Why was a new Convention needed?

The decision by the ILO to move forward to create this major new maritime labour Convention

was the result of a joint resolution in 2001 by the international seafarers’ and shipowners’

organizations, later supported by governments. They pointed out that the shipping industry is

“the world’s first genuinely global industry” which “requires an international regulatory

response of an appropriate kind – global standards applicable to the entire industry”. The

industry called on the ILO to develop “an instrument which brings together into a consolidated

text as much of the existing body of ILO instruments as it proves possible to achieve” as a

matter of priority “in order to improve the relevance of those standards to the needs of all the

stakeholders of the maritime sector”. It was felt that the very large number of the existing

maritime Conventions, many of which are very detailed, made it difficult for governments to

ratify and to enforce all of the standards. Many of the standards were out of date and did not

reflect contemporary working and living conditions on board ships. In addition, there was a need

to develop a more effective enforcement and compliance system that would help to eliminate

substandard ships and that would work within the well-established international system for

enforcement of the international standards for ship safety and security and environmental

protection that have been adopted by the International Maritime Organization (IMO).

5. Does the new Convention deal with any new subjects?

The Convention is organized into three main parts: the Articles coming first set out the broad

principles and obligations.

This is followed by the more detailed Regulations and Code (with two parts: Parts A and B)

provisions.

The Regulations and the Standards (Part A) and Guidelines (Part B) in the Code are integrated

and organized into general areas of concern under five Titles:

Title 1: Minimum requirements for seafarers to work on a ship

Title 2: Conditions of employment

Title 3: Accommodation, recreational facilities, food and catering

Title 4: Health protection, medical care, welfare and social security protection

Title 5: Compliance and enforcement.

These five Titles essentially cover the same subject matter as the existing 68 maritime labour

instruments, updating them where necessary.

It occasionally contains new subjects, particularly in the area of occupational safety and health

to meet current health concerns, such as the effects of noise and vibration on workers or other

workplace risks.

The provisions relating to flag State inspections, the use of “recognized organizations” and the

potential for inspections in foreign ports (port State control) in Title 5 are based on existing

maritime labour Conventions; however, the new Convention builds upon them to develop a more

effective approach to these important issues, consistent with other international maritime

Conventions that establish standards for quality shipping with respect to issues such as ship

safety and security and protection of the marine environment.

6. Why do we need effective international standards for seafarers’ conditions of work?

In ships flying the flags of countries that do not exercise effective jurisdiction and control over

them, as required by international law, seafarers often have to work under unacceptable

conditions, to the detriment of their well-being, health and safety and the safety of the ships on

which they work.

Since seafarers’ working lives are spent outside the home country and their employers are also

often not based in their country, effective international standards are necessary for this sector.

Of course these standards must also be implemented at a national level, particularly by

governments that have a ship registry and authorize ships to fly their countries’ flags.

This is already well recognized in connection with ensuring the safety and security of ships and

protecting the marine environment.

It is also important to understand that there are many flag States and shipowners that take

pride in providing the seafarers on their ships with decent conditions of work.

These countries and shipowners face unfair competition in that they pay the price of being

undercut by shipowners which operate substandard ships.

7. Are the standards in the new Convention lower than existing maritime labour standards?

No, the aim is to maintain the standards in the current maritime labour Conventions at their

present level, while leaving each country greater discretion in the formulation of their national

laws establishing that level of protection.

8. How will the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 protect more of the world’s seafarers?

The Convention aims to achieve worldwide protection for all seafarers. It seeks to meet this goal

in a number of ways. It is estimated that there are over 1.2 million people working at sea in the

world. Until now it had not been clear that all of these people, particularly for example, those

that work on board ships but are not directly involved in navigating or operating the ship, such

as many personnel that work on passenger ships, would be considered seafarers. The new

Convention clearly defines a seafarer as any person who is employed or engaged or works in any

capacity on board a ship that is covered by the Convention. Except for a few specific exclusions

and areas where flexibility is provided for national authorities to exempt smaller ships (200

gross tonnage and below) that do not go on international voyages from some aspects of the

Convention, the Convention applies to all ships (and to the seafarers on those ships) whether

publicly or privately owned that are ordinarily engaged in commercial activities.

The Convention does not apply to:

ships which navigate exclusively in inland waters or waters within, or closely adjacent to,

sheltered waters or areas where port regulations apply;

ships engaged in fishing;

ships of traditional build such as dhows and junks;

warships or naval auxiliaries.

Many existing maritime labour Conventions have a low ratification level. The new Convention

has been designed specifically to address this problem. More protection of seafarers will be

achieved by the early ratification and national-level implementation of the new Convention by

the vast majority of ILO nations active in the maritime sector, as is the case of the key

Conventions of the International Maritime Organization (IMO): SOLAS, STCW and MARPOL.

9. How does the new Convention make it easier for countries to ratify it and to implement its

requirements?

Both the Constitution of the ILO and many ILO instruments seek to take account of national

circumstances and provide for some flexibility in application of Conventions, with a view to

gradually improving protection of workers, by taking into account the specific situation in some

sectors and the diversity of national circumstances. Flexibility is usually based on principles of

tripartism, transparency and accountability. When flexibility with respect to a Convention is

exercised by a government it usually involves consultation with the workers’ and employers’

organizations concerned, with any determinations that are made reported to the ILO by the

government concerned. This is seen as a necessary and important approach to ensuring that all

countries, irrespective of national circumstances, can engage with the international legal

system and that international obligations are respected and implemented, to the extent

possible, while also making efforts to improve conditions. This is particularly important for an

international industry such as shipping.

The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 generally follows this approach as well as also providing

for additional flexibility, relevant to the sector, at a national level. The Convention seeks to be

“firm on rights and flexible on implementation”. A major obstacle to the ratification of existing

maritime labour Conventions is the excessive detail in many of them. The new Convention sets

out the basic rights of seafarers to decent work in firm statements, but leaves a large measure

of flexibility to ratifying countries as to how they will implement these standards for decent

work in their national laws.

The areas of flexibility in the Convention include the following:

the “Seafarers Employment and Social Rights” set out in Article IV are to be fully

implemented, “in accordance with the requirements of this Convention” (in accordance with the

relevant provisions of the Articles, Regulations and Part A of the Code); however, unless

specified otherwise in the Convention, national implementation may be achieved through

national laws or regulations, through applicable collective bargaining agreements or through

other measures or in practice;

implementation of the mandatory standards in Part A of the Code (other than Title 5) may also

be achieved through measures which are “substantially equivalent”;

many of the prescriptive or detailed requirements in existng Conventions which had created

difficulties for some governments interested in ratifying the Convention are now found in the

Guidelines, which are in Part B of the Code. The provisions of Part B of the Code are not

mandatory and are not subject to port State inspections, however governments are required to

give “due consideration” to their content when implementing their obligations;

the requirements of the Convention, other than the ship certification system, will apply to

most ships (it does not apply to fishing vessels, ships of traditional build or warships); however,

the application of details in the Code may be relaxed for some smaller ships – 200 gross tonnage

(GT) and below – that do not go on international voyages. This determination would be made in

consultation with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations concerned;

all ships covered by the Convention would be subject to the inspection system developed by

the flag State but the certification system is only mandatory for ships of 500 gross tonnage and

above that are engaged in international voyages (or are operating between ports in a foreign

country). The certification system will certify that the ship is being operated in conformity with

the Convention’s requirements as implemented in the laws or regulations of the flag State

concerned (in the case of other ships, the shipowners can also request their flag State to include

their ships in the certification system so as to avoid or reduce the likelihood of their being

inspected in foreign ports);

the Convention expressly recognizes that some flag States may make use of recognized

organizations such as classification societies to carry out aspects of the ship certification system

on their behalf;

provisions affecting ship construction and equipment (Title 3) will not apply to ships

constructed before the Convention comes into force for the country concerned. Smaller ships

(200 gross tonnage and below) may be exempted from specific accommodation requirements;

specific allowance is made for making determinations at a national level through consultation

with shipowners’ and seafarers’ organizations "in case of doubt" as to the application of the

Convention to categories of persons or ships or a particular ship. A Resolution was adopted

along with the Convention which provides guidance to national authorities on the question of

who would be considered "seafarers" in this context;

provision is made for the situation of countries that may not have national organizations of

shipowners or seafarers to consult;

provision is made for national circumstances and for bilateral, multilateral and other

arrangements in connection with social security coverage.

10. Will the shipowners’ duties and responsibilities cover seafarers whose work does not relate

to the navigation or safe operation of the ship?

Yes, shipowners (or ship operators) have the overall responsibility as employers with respect to

all seafarers working on their ships. It is understood that they could make arrangements with

persons who may also have responsibility for the employment of particular seafarers, enabling

the shipowners to recover the costs involved, for example.

11. Why is the new Convention likely to achieve the aim of near universal ratification?

Because the Convention was adopted by a record vote of 314 in favour and none against (two

countries abstained for reasons unrelated to the substance of the Convention), after nearly two

weeks of detailed review by over 1,000 participants drawn from 106 countries. This almost

unprecedented level of support reflects the lengthy tripartite consultation exercise and the

unswerving support that has been shown for it by the governments and workers and employers

who have worked together since 2001 to develop the Convention text. It will also achieve near

universal ratification because of its blend of firmness on rights and flexibility with respect to

approaches to implementation of the more technical requirements and because of the

advantages it gives to the ships of countries that ratify it.

12. What will be the advantages for ships of ratifying countries?

The ships of ratifying countries that provide decent conditions of work for their seafarers will

have protection against unfair competition from substandard ships and will benefit from a

system of certification, avoiding or reducing the likelihood of lengthy delays related to

inspections in foreign ports.

13. How will the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006 improve compliance and enforcement?

The Maritime Labour Convention, 2006, aims to establish a continuous “compliance awareness”

at every stage, from the national systems of protection up to the international system. This

starts with the individual seafarers, who – under the Convention – have to be properly informed

of their rights and of the remedies available in case of alleged non-compliance with the

requirements of the Convention and whose right to make complaints, both on board ship and

ashore, is recognized in the Convention. It continues with the shipowners. Those that own or

operate ships of 500 gross tonnage and above, engaged in international voyages or voyages

between foreign ports, are required to develop and carry out plans for ensuring that the

applicable national laws, regulations or other measures to implement the Convention are

actually being complied with. The masters of these ships are then responsible for carrying out

the shipowners’ stated plans, and for keeping proper records to evidence implementation of the

requirements of the Convention. As part of its updated responsibilities for the labour

inspections for ships above 500 gross tonnage that are engaged in international voyages or

voyages between foreign ports, the flag State (or recognized organization on its behalf) will

review the shipowners’ plans and verify and certify that they are actually in place and being

implemented. Ships will then be required to carry a maritime labour certificate and a declaration

of maritime labour compliance on board. Flag States will also be expected to ensure that

national laws and regulations implementing the Convention’s standards are respected on

smaller ships that are not covered by the certification system. Flag States will carry out periodic

quality assessments of the effectiveness of their national systems of compliance, and their

reports to the ILO under article 22 of the Constitution will need to provide information on their

inspection and certification systems, including on their methods of quality assessment. This

general inspection system in the flag State (which is founded on ILO Convention No. 178) is

complemented by procedures to be followed in countries that are also or even primarily the

source of the world’s supply of seafarers, which will similarly be reporting under article 22 of

the ILO Constitution. The system is further reinforced by voluntary measures for inspections in

foreign ports (port State control).

14. What are the maritime labour certificate and the declaration of maritime labour compliance?

The Appendices to the Convention contain key model documents: a maritime labour certificate

and a declaration of maritime labour compliance. The certificate would be issued by the flag

State to a ship that flies its flag, once the State (or a recognized organization that has been

authorized to carry out the inspections), has verified that the labour conditions on the ship

comply with national laws and regulations implementing the Convention. The certificate would

be valid for five years subject to periodic inspections by the flag State. The declaration is

attached to the certificate and summarizes the national laws or regulations implementing an

agreed-upon list of 14 areas of the maritime standards and setting out the shipowner’s or

operator’s plan for ensuring that the national requirements implementing the Convention will be

maintained on the ship between inspections. The lists of the 14 areas that must be certified by

the flag State and that may be inspected, if an inspection occurs, in a foreign port are also set

out in the Appendices to the Convention.

15. What is meant by “no more favourable treatment” for ships of non-ratifying countries?

These words appear in Article V, paragraph 7, of the Convention. The idea, which is also found in

IMO Conventions, is that ships must not be placed at a disadvantage because their country has

ratified the new Convention. The practical consequence comes out clearly in the port State

control provisions of Title 5 of the Convention, under which ships of all countries (irrespective of

ratification) will be subject to inspection in any country that has ratified the Convention, and to

possible detention if they do not meet the minimum standards of the new Convention.

16. How will respect for the new Convention actually be enforced?

The new Convention is intended to achieve more compliance by operators and owners of ships

and to strengthen enforcement of standards through mechanisms which operate at all levels.

For example, it contains provisions for:

complaint procedures available to seafarers;

shipowners’ and shipmasters’ supervision of conditions on their ships;

flag States’ jurisdiction and control over their ships;

port State inspections of foreign ships.

By requiring ratifying Members not only to implement the Convention in the national laws but

also to document their implementation, the Convention should also enhance the effectiveness of

the supervision carried out at the international level, especially by the competent bodies of the

ILO.

17. How will the new Convention be kept more up to date than the existing Conventions?

The part of the Convention which is expected to need updating from time to time, namely the

two-part Code relating to the technical and detailed implementation of the basic obligations

under the Convention, can be amended under an accelerated procedure (“tacit acceptance”)

(provided for in Article XV) enabling changes to come into effect, for all or almost all ratifying

countries, within three to four years from when they are proposed.

18. Will ratifying Members be bound by all new amendments?

A ratifying Member will not be bound by an amendment to the Code entering into effect in

accordance with Article XV of the Convention if it expresses formal disagreement within a period

of normally two years. Amendments under Article XIV, which lays down a procedure to be

followed in the case of amendments to the basic provisions, i.e. the Articles and Regulations,

can only take effect for countries that ratify the amendment concerned.

19. How do the amendment procedures differ from those in the IMO Conventions?

Both types of amendment procedure – under Article XIV for the Convention as a whole, and

Article XV for amendments only to the Code – are based to a certain extent on procedures that

are already well established in another agency of the United Nations, the International Maritime

Organization (IMO). However, the Article XIV express ratification procedure is closer to the

present ILO procedure for revising Conventions. The accelerated or tacit acceptance procedure

under Article XV follows the IMO procedures especially with respect to the submission of

amendments to Member States and their entry into effect; the main difference relates to the

adoption of amendments: here (unlike under the IMO procedures) non-ratifying Members play a

role and amendments have to be approved by the International Labour Conference, open to all

ILO Members.

20. What are the novel features of the new Convention?

There are several novel features as far as the ILO is concerned. The whole structure of the new

Convention differs from that of traditional ILO Conventions. It consists of the basic provisions,

i.e. the Articles and Regulations, followed by atwo-part Code and divided into five Titles, one of

which is devoted to compliance and enforcement. The Regulations and the Code, which contains

Standards and Guidelines, are organized under the five Titles.

Title 1: Minimum requirements for seafarers to work on a ship

Title 2: Conditions of employment

Title 3: Accommodation, recreational facilities, food and catering

Title 4: Health protection, medical care, welfare and social security protection

Title 5: Compliance and enforcement.

There is also an Explanatory note to further assist Members implementing the Convention. The

Convention also uses a new "vertically integrated" format with a numbering system that links

the Regulations, Standards and Guidelines. Each Regulation also has a "plain language" purpose

clause.

For example:

Regulation 1.2 – Medical certificate

Purpose: To ensure that all seafarers are medically fit to perform their duties at sea

1. Seafarers shall not work on a ship unless they are certified as medically fit to perform their

duties.

...

Standard A1.2 – Medical certificate

1. The competent authority shall require that, prior to beginning work on a ship, seafarers hold

a valid medical certificate attesting that they are medically fit to perform the duties they are to

carry out at sea.

...

Guideline B1.2 – Medical certificate

Guideline B1.2.1 – International Guidelines...

Other innovations are the amendment procedures and the system for the certification of ships.

However, most of these novel features are based on those of the instruments of other

organizations, especially the IMO. One unique feature relates to the special status of the non-

mandatory Part B of the Code and its relationship with the mandatory Part A.

21. What is meant by the special status of Part B of the Code and why was it needed?

The status of Part B of the Code is based on the idea of firmness on principle and rights

combined with flexibility in implementation. Without this innovation the new Convention could

never aspire to wide-scale ratification: many of the provisions of existing maritime labour

Conventions, which relate to the method of implementing basic seafarers’ rights (rather than to

the content of those rights), have been transferred to the non-mandatory Part B Guidelines of

the Code. Their placement in the mandatory Regulations and Part A (Standards) could have

resulted in clear obstacles to ratification.

The special status is reflected in the following agreed set of questions and answers:

Is Part B of the Code mandatory?

Answer: No.

Can Part B be ignored by ratifying Members?

Answer: No.

Is implementation of Part B verified by port State inspectors?

Answer: No.

Does the ratifying Member have to follow the guidance in Part B?

Answer: No, but if it does not follow the guidance it may – vis-à-vis the competent bodies of the

International Labour Organization – need to justify the way in which it has implemented the

corresponding mandatory provisions of the consolidated Convention.

22. Since Part B is not mandatory, why is it part of the Convention and not the subject of an

international labour Recommendation?

Part A and Part B of the Code are interrelated. The provisions of Part B, called Guidelines, while

not mandatory, are helpful and sometimes essential for a proper understanding of the

Regulations and the mandatory Standards in Part A. In some cases, the mandatory Standards in

Part A are so generally worded it may be difficult to implement them without the guidance in the

corresponding provisions of Part B.

23. Can an ILO Convention legally contain non-mandatory provisions?

There is no reason why mandatory provisions should not be complemented by non-mandatory

ones. There are precedents in international labour Conventions where the non-mandatory

“should” is used rather than the mandatory “shall”.

24. Why does there sometimes appear to be some duplication between the Regulations and Part

A of the Code of the Convention?

The Regulations, which will be approved by parliaments or legislatures during the national

ratification processes, not only set out the basic rights of seafarers but also govern the content

of the Code, including its possible future content after amendment under the accelerated

procedure. Every provision of Part A of the Code must come within the general scope of the

Articles or Regulations to be valid. This requirement sometimes leads to a measure of

duplication.

25. Will the Convention also require ratifying countries to apply the ILO’s core human rights

Conventions or other Conventions mentioned in the new Convention?

No, but they will – under Article III of the Convention – have to satisfy themselves that their laws

and regulations respect, in the context of the Convention, the fundamental rights, such as

freedom of association, that are embodied in the core Conventions (there would be no

requirement concerning the actual provisions of those Conventions).

The fact that other international Conventions are referred to in the Preamble or other parts of

the Convention does not create a legal obligation, with respect to those Conventions, for a

country that ratifies the Maritime Labour Convention, 2006.


1 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 3 You have sailed out from port and after 9 days you have received a claim of 1000 $ from the

consignee as the damage to goods in container ?As a master

1 ) As per Multi Modal transport act consignee can claim for any damaged goods not later than 6

days from the date of discharge of cargo.

tenzamathur (81)

3 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 4 A is not a party to CLC & Fund Convention. B is a party of CLC and Fund. A Goes to port B

and pollution is done .So how B will recover the money ?

1 ) Any vsl of A can't go to B's port without P&I club's gurantee ie. It must be covered for the

liability limit which is 1 Billion USD. Only then the vsl would be permitted to enter its territory

anshuman (83)


2 times has asked

Q. 5 A ship sails on 10th . You have joined on 9th .Loadline certificate expiring on 20th. Would

you sail like this? Why ?


2 times has asked

Q. 6 What is the segregation in IMDG Code ? How do you do it for container ship ?


2 times has asked

Q. 7 What is Marine Pollutant ?

1 ) Each substance defined as harmful to the marine environment is identified as marine

pollutant in column 4 of its entry in the Dangerous Goods List

anshuman (83)


2 ) Marine pollutants means substances which, because of their potential to bioaccumulate in

seafood or because of their high toxicity to aquatic life, are subject to the provisions of Annex III

of MARPOL 73/787, as amended.

anshuman (83)


2 times has asked

Q. 8 What is ISPS ? How will you get ISSC ? Under which condition will you get the Interim ISSC ?


2 times has asked

Q. 9 What is GESAMP?

1 ) Group of Experts on the Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection (GESAMP) was

established in 1967 by a number of United Nations Agencies. GESAMP deals with all scientific

aspects on the prevention, reduction and control of the degradation of the marine environment

to sustain life support systems, resources and amenities.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 10 2 ships collide in open Sea .Who will investigate ? What if none of the coastal state is

threatened by Pollution ?

1 ) MATTER TO BE INVESTIGATED BY FLAG STATE .IF CASE OF POLLUTION THAN MATTER IS

INVESTIGATED BY FLAG STATE OR CAOSTAL STATE CONCERNED BUT ON COMPLAINT BASIS

PRABHGEET (6)


2 times has asked

Q. 11 SITUATION - RV .You hear Fog horn fwd of beam and both RADAR not working? Action ?


2 times has asked

Q. 12 LRIT in details ?

1 ) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Jump to: navigation, search

The Long Range Identification and Tracking (LRIT) of ships was established as an international

system on 19 May 2006 by the [(International Maritime Organization)] (IMO) as resolution

MSC.202(81). This resolution amends chapter V of the International Convention for the Safety of

Life at Sea (SOLAS), regulation 19-1 and binds all governments which have contracted to the

IMO.

The LRIT regulation will apply to the following ship types engaged on international voyages:

* All passenger ships including high-speed craft,

* Cargo ships, including high speed craft of 300 gross tonnage and above, and

* Mobile offshore drilling units.

These ships must report their position to their Flag Administration at least four times a day.

Most vessels set their existing satellite communications systems to automatically make these

reports. Other contracting governments may request information about vessels in which they

have a legitimate interest under the regulation.

The LRIT system consists of the already installed (generally) shipborne satellite communications

equipment, Communications Service Providers (CSPs), Application Service Providers (ASPs),

LRIT Data Centres, the LRIT Data Distribution Plan and the International LRIT Data Exchange.

Certain aspects of the performance of the LRIT system are reviewed or audited by the LRIT

Coordinator acting on behalf of the IMO and its Contracting Governments.

Some[who?] confuse the functions of LRIT with that of AIS ([[Automatic Identification System]),

a collision avoidance system also mandated by the IMO, which operates in the VHF radio band,

with a range only slightly greater than line-of-sight. (See AIS) While AIS was originally designed

for short-range operation as a collision avoidance and navigational aid, it has now been shown

to be possible to receive AIS signals by satellite in many, but not all, parts of the world. This is

becoming known as S-AIS and is completely different from LRIT. The only similarity is that AIS is

also collected from space for determining location of vessels, but requires no action from the

vessels themselves except they must have their AIS system turned on. LRIT requires the active,

willing participation of the vessel involved, which is, in and of itself, a very useful indication as

to whether the vessel in question is a lawful actor. Thus the information collected from the two

systems, S-AIS and LRIT, are mutually complementary, and S-AIS clearly does not make LRIT

superfluous in any manner. Indeed, because of co-channel interference near densely populated

or congested sea areas satellites are having a difficult time in detecting AIS from space in those

areas. Fixes are under development by several organizations, but how effective they will be

remains to be seen.

anshuman (83)


2 times has asked

Q. 13 ROR Card -Sailing Vessel


2 times has asked

Q. 14 Type A and B-100 ships difference wrt Loadline ?


2 times has asked

Q. 15 App Kandla. Tidal Range 6 m, HW @ 0605, LW @ 1205 . When will you anchor? Why? How

to go about? Time when Tidal current is Max ?


2 times has asked

Q. 16 Twin screw propellor which one would you prefer inward or outward and reason ?


1 times has asked

Q. 17 Latest Amendments of ISM ?

1 ) From 1st July 2010 :

The ISM Code has been changed a lot the full changes can be found from

http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/Publications-and-forms/Commercial-operations/Shipping-safety/

Safety-updates/Issue11-mnz-guidance-notice-october-2009.pdf

Remember this that Capt. Menon will ask you everytime "what was it before ?" e.g. he will ask

you like if the Masters responsibilty p"eriodically reviewing the safety management system"

then what did the code said before ?

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 ) ammendment to ISM adopted 4 dec 2008

tacit accetance 1st jan 2008

entry int force 1st july 2010

sam_mate2002 (25)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 18 What is Particular Average ?


1 times has asked

Q. 19 What is General Average ?

1 ) As per york Antwerp Rules 1994 "There is a general average act when and only when, any

extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally or resonably made or incurred for the

common safety for the purpose of preventing from peril the property involves in a common

maritime adventure"

amitsahrawat (16)


2 ) latest addition to ya rules 2004 numbered rule 23 is the time bar

jjos20 (1062)


1 times has asked






on bridge.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 21 What is SCOPIC ?

1 ) scopic is a special compensation for salvage oparation which has to be agreed between

onwer & salvor.it is without safty net & no geographical problem.

lillaly (103)

1 user Rated :

2 ) Special Compensation of P & I Club. In case of salvage.Article 14.

vks_sd (52)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 22 What do you know about the Fund Convention ? Who manages the FUND ?


1 times has asked

Q. 23 What are the situations when the Loadline exemption certificate are given ?


1 times has asked

Q. 24 What is wreck ?

1 ) Wreck means:

1-goods, which have been cast into the sea and then sink and remain under water

2-goods which have been cast or fall into the sea and remain floating on the surface

3-goods, which are sunk in the sea, but are attached to a floating object in order that they may

be found again

4-goods which are thrown away or abandoned

5-a vessel abandoned without hope or intention of recovery

aks00791 (159)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 25 Who is a wreck receiver ? In what conditions receiver can sell off the wreck ? Where does

this money goes ?

1 ) Deputy Conservator in Indian ports, also PO MMD can become the receiver of wreck. He can

sell the wreck after no claim by the owner in 1 year. He can also sell if it is less than Rs.500 and

also if it is no point of any advantage keeping the wreck. The money goes to GOI

shibaditya (116)

3 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 26 Can PSC Inspector check the accomodation and crew toilets on board ship ? Under which

convention ?


1 times has asked

Q. 27 What is maritime fraud ? What are the steps to check the charter party frauds ?

1 ) Maritime fraud occurs when one of the parties involved in an international trade transaction

like the buyer, seller, shipowner, charterer, ship’s master or crew, insurer, banker, broker or

agent illegally secures money or goods from another party to whom, on the face of it, he has

undertaken specific trade, transport and financial obligations.

To check the c/p frauds all care should be taken by the master while issuing any b/l under that

c/p to provide the true description of goods on the b/l. If any letter of authority is given to the

agent for signing the B/L then such letter of authority should clearly mention the description of

the goods so that he may not make any false declaration on behalf of the master

aks00791 (159)


1 times has asked

Q. 28 Is IOPC under IMO ?

1 ) No

- The 1992 Fund is governed by an Assembly composed of representatives of the Governments

of all its Member States. The Assembly holds an ordinary session once a year. It elects an

Executive Committee made up of 15 Member States. The main function of the Executive

Committee is to approve the settlement of claims for compensation.

- The Supplementary Fund has its own Assembly which is composed of all States that are

Members of that Fund whereas the 1971 Fund, which is in the process of being wound up, has

an Administrative Council which is composed of all former Member States.

- Organisations connected with the maritime transport of oil, such as those representing

shipowners, marine insurers and the oil industry, as well as environmental organisations, are

represented as observers at the IOPC Funds’ meetings. Decisions by the IOPC Funds’ governing

bodies are, however, taken solely by the representatives of the Governments of the Member

States.

- The 1992 Fund Assembly appoints the Director of the IOPC Funds, who is responsible for the

operation of the three Funds and has extensive authority to take decisions regarding the

settlement of claims. The Funds have their headquarters in London and are administered by a

joint Secretariat.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 29 What are the limits of liability as per OPA -90 ?

1 ) Effective from 31 July the new limits of liability are;

For a single-hull tank vessel less than or equal to 3,000 gross tons, the greater of $3,200 per

gross ton or $6,408,000.

For a single-hull tank vessel greater than 3,000 gross tons, the greater of $3,200 per gross ton

or $23,496,000.

For a tank vessel less than or equal to 3,000 gross tons, other than a single hull tank vessel, the

greater of $2,000 per gross ton or $4,272,000.

For a tank vessel greater than 3,000 gross tons, other than a single-hull tank vessel, the greater

of $2,000 per gross ton or $17,088,000.

For any other vessel, the greater of $1,000 per gross ton or $854,400

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 30 What is the process of getting COFR under OPA and who gives COFR ? Who gives the

Monetory guarantee bond for it ?

1 ) CoFR is issued by NPFC estd by USCG under OPA-90. This is similar to CLC and is issued only

if the owner/operator provides evidence of financial responsibility to pay for removal costs and

damages up to the applicable limit of liability, which is based on the gross tonnage and type of

the vessel (e.g., higher limits apply to tank vessels than cargo vessels).

aks00791 (159)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 31 What is Nairobi Convention and what is the main change which it is likely to bring ?

1 ) As far as MMD Orals are considered the above is wrong. Nairobi convention means Nairobi

International Convention on the Removal of Wrecks

Adopted on 18 May, 2007. It is not yet in force. It will provide the legal basis for States to

remove, or have removed, shipwrecks that may have the potential to affect adversely the safety

of lives, goods and property at sea, as well as the marine environment specially in waters

outside the territorial seas although a state may apply it in its territorial waters by informing

IMO. Please refer to following link:

http://www.imo.org/About/Conventions/ListOfConventions/Pages/Nairobi-International-

Convention-on-the-Removal-of-Wrecks.aspx

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

2 ) The Nairobi Convention provides a mechanism for regional cooperation, coordination and

collaborative actions in the Eastern and Southern African region that enables the Contracting

Parties to harness resources and expertise from a wide range of stakeholders and interest

groups towards solving interlinked problems of the coastal and marine environment including

critical national and transboundary issues.

The Nairobi Convention for the Protection, Management and Development of the Marine and

Coastal Environment of the Eastern African Region was signed in 1985 and came into force in

1996, making it one of 17 regional seas conventions and action plans. The Convention was

amended and adopted in April, 2010.

The Nairobi Convention area extends from Somalia in the North to the Republic of South Africa

in the South, covering 10 States, five of which are island States in the Western Indian Ocean and

five mainland States. The Contracting Parties are Comoros, France, Kenya, Madagascar,

Mauritius, Mozambique, Seychelles, Somalia, Tanzania and the Republic of South Africa.

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 32 What is the difference between the HNS convetion and HNS Protocol ?

1 ) The convention has been adopted but has not yet entered into force as the required number

of states haven't ratified it.

The protocol has been brought out so as to modify some terms of the convention so as to enable

more states to ratify it causing it to come into effect.

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 33 Will you load a damaged container ? If no then how will you defend yourself ?

1 ) No will not load as per CSC convention. Take photographs and inform the owners, P&I club

and then refuse to load.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 34 Stowaways are governed by which convention ? Briefly explain ?

1 ) Brussels convention

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 35 Would you divert for Stowaways ? Who pays ?

1 ) No will not deviate for Stowaway.

P&I club will pay for all stowaway chrges/expenses.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 36 Is any state bound to take stowaway? What if you can prove the nationality ?


1 times has asked

Q. 37 What is Unvalued Policy ? How is premium added ?

1 ) VALUATION OF GOODS USED FOR TRANSPORTATION ARE NOT DECLARED AT THE TIME OF

COMMENCEMENT OF VOYAGE. PREMIUM IS PAYABLE EITHER AT DELIVERY OF GOODS OR

CASUALTY OCCUR. THE VALUATION IS MADE ON THE MARKET VALUE ON THE DATE OF DELIVERY

OR THE CASUALTY. PREMIUM IS PAID BY SHIPPER.

onklur (109)


1 times has asked

Q. 38 What are track spacing and how are they calculated ?


1 times has asked

Q. 39 What do you know abt SAR conv. ? SRR overlaps What happens to these areas ?


1 times has asked

Q. 40 What are the differences btw Hague and Hague Visby Rules ? Why HVR was required ?


1 times has asked

Q. 41 What do you know about the hamburg rules ? How it came into force and who brought it ?

1 ) In 1971 UNCTAD recommended that a new international conference be called under the

united nations auspices. A new set of rules were prepared by the UNICITRAL and was adopted in

hamburg in 1978, tehese rules are called Hamburg Rules, cma into force from 01st Jan 1992.

amitsahrawat (16)


1 times has asked

Q. 42 What do you know about the London Dumping Conv.? Which materials are permitted to be

dumped ?

1 ) http://www.imo.org/Conventions/mainframe.asp?topic_id=258&doc_id=681

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 43 What is LLMC ?Why was this conv required ?


1 times has asked

Q. 44 What do you know abt BWM (Ballast water management) ? When will it enter into force ?

1 ) http://www.imo.org/Conventions/mainframe.asp?topic_id=867

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 45 When did MARPOL Annex 4 and Annex 6 entered into force ?

1 ) Annex 4- 27 Sep 2003

Annex 6- 19 May 2005

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) An up to date list of Status of all Convention can be found at

http://www.imo.org/Conventions/mainframe.asp?topic_id=247

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 46 Under what conditions are you required to inform the Class ?


1 times has asked

Q. 47 You join a Bulk Carrier and see a Triangle on the side shell below Deck line. What does this

mean?

1 ) Vessel is not allowed to load high density cargo.

tenzamathur (81)

3 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 48 Capacity and requirements of Emergency Fire Pump ?


1 times has asked

Q. 49 Requirements of EEBD ?


1 times has asked

Q. 50 Liabilities of MTO ?

1 ) 920 SDR per package / 2.75 SDR per kg

parmanand (6)


1 times has asked

Q. 51 How will you make sure that SMS is being implemented onboard just after joining as

Master ?


1 times has asked

Q. 52 What are the clear grounds of detention as per PSC ?


1 times has asked

Q. 53 Contents of CSR ?


1 times has asked

Q. 54 Requirements of Steering Gear test ?


1 times has asked

Q. 55 How do you avoid TRS ? Why less TRS in Southern Hemisphere ?


1 times has asked

Q. 56 What are the criteria for Intact Stability ?

1 ) Refer IMO INTACT STABILITY CRITERIA

amitsahrawat (16)


1 times has asked

Q. 57 What is COF? What is IOPP? Differences btw COF and IOPP ? Why is COF required ?Does Oil

tanker require COF ?

1 ) The certificate of fitness is a certificate which lists the cargo that a special type of vessel can

handle. It is issued under the requirements of SOLAS.

IOPP certificate is issued under MARPOL for equipment related to prevention of oil pollution.

Crude oil /refined petroleum product tankers do no need COF.

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 58 Can a country ratify CLC 69 ? India under CLC 69 or 92 ? Does MS Act show whther India 69

or 92 ? Where does it show ?

1 ) CLC 92 has compulsorily replaced CLC 69 and all states party to CLC 69 are automatically

party to CLC 92. Same is stated in article 352H, sub para (i) of Part XB of merchant shipping act

as amended.

aks00791 (159)


1 times has asked

Q. 59 Person dies onboard . As per MS Act whom will you inform ? Why Next of kin and How ?


1 times has asked

Q. 60 Latest amendments of ROR? What is WIG ? Difference btw WIG, Air cushion and sea plane ?


1 times has asked

Q. 61 Crew injured on jetty. What is the procedure of investigation ?


1 times has asked

Q. 62 Out at Sea damage sustained to V/L. Action-whom to inform, other actions ...


1 times has asked

Q. 63 York Antwerp Rule ? Is full damage covered ?

1 ) Only losses & damage or expenses which are the direct consequence of the G.A. act. No

indirect losses

LATSREE (76)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 64 You have a twin scre propellor .How will you execute short turn to Stb ?

1 ) Stb propellor astern, port propellor ahead movement and rudder Hard Stb.

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 65 What is Ballast Bonus ?Is ballast Bonus only in voyage or time charterer or both ?

Exception clauses?

1 ) A ballast bonus is a time charter concept and it refers to a lumpsum payment 'sometimes'

made to a shipowner (by the charterer) as compensation for delivering a ship in a loading region

of the world!

tomlaks (72)


1 times has asked

Q. 66 What is Himalaya clause ?

1 ) "No servant or agent or independent contractor from time to time employed by the carrier

shall be liable to the owner of the goods for any loss or damage resulting from any act or

negligence on his part while acting in the course of his employment."

tomlaks (72)

1 user Rated :

2 ) A shipmaster may also be liable in tort for a variety of civil wrongs claimed to have been

done to third parties, an example being the successful suing by a passenger of the master of the

P&O liner Himalaya in Adler v. Dixon (1954). As a result of the judgement in that case, many

shipowners now insert a "Himalaya Clause" into their contracts of carriage or passage, in order

to protect their servants and contractors from liability for wrongs committed during the course

of their duties.

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 ) A Himalaya clause is a contractual provision expressed to be for the benefit of a third party

who is not a party to the contract. Although theoretically applicable to any form of contract,

most of the jurisprudence relating to Himalaya clauses relate to marine matters, and exclusion

clauses in bills of lading for the benefit of stevedores in particular.

Contents

[hide]

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 67 Is class mandatory ?


1 times has asked

Q. 68 How do you decide as an owner what your charter hire will be ? How decided ? How often

updated ?


1 times has asked

Q. 69 Is it compulsory to display the loadline Certificate ? Under which what act or regulation ?

1 ) MS Act 319

shibaditya (116)


1 times has asked

Q. 70 SUA convention in detail ?


1 times has asked

Q. 71 If there is a wreck inside the channel, owners have abandoned it by Notice of

abandonment. What does the underwriter do? Do they remove the wreck ?


1 times has asked

Q. 72 World scale ? Graph of world scale ?

1 ) http://www.worldscale.co.uk/Preamble/Book/2010/PreamblePartA.html#PPADefinitions

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 73 WHAT IS LOI? Can you load and disc on LOI ?

1 ) Letter of Indemnity is issued by one party under contract (usually the charterer) to indemnify

the other party (usually the owner/master of the vessel) from any consequences of following the

orders/requests of the first party which may be contrary to the terms of the contract.

It is usually issued for discharging without the presentation of bill(s) of lading.

Though prevalent, it has no legal standing in a court of law.

The owner may accept the LOI under the supervision of his P&I club after which he should

explicitly tell the master to Discharge the cargo.

Under no case shall a LOI be accepted for any alterations to a B/L which tend to change the

description, date or place of shipping as this comprises maritime fraud.

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 74 WIBON ?

1 ) Whether In Berth or not

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 75 INCO - CIF ?


1 times has asked

Q. 76 What light will an aground Mine clearance vessel show ?

1 ) ground vsl light as per length

sam_mate2002 (25)


1 times has asked

Q. 77 Which vessel does not show RAM even when RAM ?

1 ) Vessel engaged in Mine Clearance operations

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) warship is dt right???

samb (71)


3 ) 3. Warship is not right. They too exhibit RAM

LATSREE (76)


1 times has asked

Q. 78 3 million USD as guarantee if Salvage operation invokes SCOPIC. How will you settle if

expenses are more or less than this amount ?

1 ) If at any time after the provision of the Initial Security the Contractor reasonably assesses

the SCOPIC remuneration plus interest and costs due hereunder to be greater than the security

in place, the Contractor shall be entitled to require the owners of the vessel to increase the

security to a reasonable sum and the owners of the vessel shall be obliged to do so once a

reasonable sum has been agreed.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 79 What is FSA ?

1 ) formal safety assessment contains 5 step process for any assessment. ie- 1-identification of

hazard 2- risk assessment - 3- risk control options -4- cost benefit measures and -5- decision

making or recommendations

kuberpandey (65)


1 times has asked

Q. 80 Which all vessels will the PSC not inspect ?

1 ) Vessels of their own flag state

chithi_dis (87)

2 user Rated :

2 ) v/l visiting our ports frm adjsent countries use for govermental offical

transport,warships,fpso!!,ferries use for less dn 1 hr sailing,supply v/l....etc.

samb (71)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 81 Can a vessel have 2 classification society ?

1 ) no

only associate member.e.g india

indian ship have dual class.

sam_mate2002 (25)


1 times has asked

Q. 82 What do you know about TOCA ?

1 ) Transfer of Class Agreement

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 83 Change of P & I ?


1 times has asked

Q. 84 How is a resolution made ?


1 times has asked

Q. 85 Dual Registry what do you know ?


1 times has asked

Q. 86 Diference between Note of protest and Letter of protest ?


1 times has asked

Q. 87 Difference between Salvage and Towage ?

1 ) 1. When the tug abandons the towage contract n not the tow.

2. Towage contract must end before Salvage contract starts.

3. When the tug owning company understands the renumerstions earned by the the standard

towage contract can't cover him for the time, effort, dangers he faces

3.When court decides

4. When LOF 2000 is signed

anshuman (83)

2 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 88 When will Towage become Salvage ?

1 ) A criterion for whether a towing vessel has become a salving vessel is “ have there been

supervening circumstances which would justifying her in abandoning her contract?”—not the

tow, but abandoning the contract to tow.

It must be ascertained as to whether the services that were to be rendered eventually by the

tug such as to have been beyond the reasonable contemplation of the parties when they

originally negotiated the towage contract.

It is beyond doubt that towage and salvage services cannot be performed concurrently. One

must finish before the other starts.

Definite guidelines have been established in the courts(1928 The Homewood case) to determine

where the towage stops and salvage starts. For the tug owner to consider rightly that he had

taken on the role of salvor it is essential that:

a)the services he performed were of such an extraordinary nature that they could not have been

with in the reasonable contemplation of the parties to the original towage contract

b)the services in fact performed and the risks in fact would not have been reasonably

remunerated if the contractual remuneration only was paid.

In short , mere difficulty in the performance of the towage does not automatically ‘convert’ the

towage into salvage. The burden of proof is heavy and lies upon the tug owner claiming the

salvage reward. He must show that the nature of the service changed from towage to salvage

through no fault or want of skill on his part and simply and solely by accident or fortuitous

circumstances over which he had no control.

jjos20 (1062)

1 user Rated :

2 ) 1)when services being performed by the tugs are of such an exceptional nature that they are

not within reasonable contemplation of towage contract 2)services being performed by the tug

will not be adequately compensated by towage contract



1 times has asked

Q. 89 Which Document functions same as B/L ?

1 ) Multimodal Transport Document

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 ) seaway bill or way bill

note way bill is not document of title.

sam_mate2002 (25)


3 ) Note: Seaway Bill is also not a document of Title

shibaditya (116)


4 ) mate recipt..!!!!

samb (71)


5 ) its multi model transport doc.

ajanup18 (84)


1 times has asked

Q. 90 What is CESS ?

1 ) Custom Excise Surcharge.

Charged at 50 Paisa/Ton of OIL imported by any company. GOI collects and gives to IOPC fund

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 91 Explain role of Marine Board in Marine casualty as per MS Act ?


1 times has asked

Q. 92 Pooping ?

1 ) Pooping is the term used to describe the seas breaking over the stern of the vessel. This can

also be dangerous particularly for an open decked vessel. Large amounts of water can quickly

flood the vessel, causing additional problems.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) http://www.spc.int/coastfish/sections/training/fts_pdf/statutory/nautical_lg_en.pdf

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 93 Broaching ?

1 ) Broaching:- when a steep following sea causes the vessel to ‘surf’ forwards controllably, the

bow tends to ‘dig’ into the wave ahead, decelerating the vessel rapidly. The forces on the stern

will cause the stern to swing violently to the left or right and the vessel will come to rest

broadside to the waves. A rapid “broaching” may cause a capsize.

http://www.spc.int/coastfish/sections/training/fts_pdf/statutory/nautical_lg_en.pdf

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 94 MRCC in India ?

1 ) Mumabi, Chennai & Port Blair

aseem_1972 (11)


1 times has asked

Q. 95 What is attachment certificate with Load line assignment ?

1 ) Condition of Assessment of Freeboard (Form C-11)

aseem_1972 (11)


1 times has asked

Q. 96 If the master has overloaded the vessel then as per MS Act how is the master fined ?


1 times has asked

Q. 97 What is IMB? Who funds IMB ? Is IMB member of IMO ?

1 ) International Maritime Bureau (IMB) is a specialised division of the International Chamber Of

Commerce (ICC). The IMB is a non-profit making organisation, established in 1981 to act as a

focal point in the fight against all types of maritime crime and malpractice.

IMB’s main task is to protect the integrity of international trade by seeking out fraud and

malpractice. For over 25 years, it has used industry knowledge, experience and access to a large

number of well-placed contacts around the world to do this: identifying and investigating frauds,

spotting new criminal methods and trends, and highlighting other threats to trade.

The information gathered from sources and during investigations is provided to members in the

form of timely advice via a number of different communication routes. It lists the threats and

explains how members can reduce their vulnerability to them. Over the years, this approach has

thwarted many attempted frauds and saved the shipping and trading industry many millions of

dollars.

The IMB provides an authentication service for trade finance documentation. It also investigates

and reports on a number of other topics, notably documentary credit fraud, charter party fraud,

cargo theft, ship deviation and ship finance fraud.

As well as helping to prevent crime, the IMB also has a duty to educate both the shipping

community and a wider audience that comprises just about every entity engaged in trade. To

this end, the IMB runs a regular series of courses and training programmes that have a wide-

ranging syllabus and many proven benefits. It also offers bespoke consultancy services in areas

such as ship and port security.

One of the IMB’s principal areas of expertise is in the suppression of piracy. Concerned at the

alarming growth in the phenomenon, this led to the creation of the IMB Piracy Reporting Centre

in 1992. The Centre is based in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. It maintains a round-the-clock watch on

the world’s shipping lanes, reporting pirate attacks to local law enforcement and issuing

warnings about piracy hotspots to shipping.

Financial support to the Piracy Reporting Centre has been received from from the following

companies:

Assuranceforeningen SKULD

Britannia Steam Ship Insurance Association Limited

Den Norske Krigsforsikring for Skib, Norway

European Commission

Japan P&I Club, Japan

Standard Steam Ship Mutual P&I Association

Steamship Insurance Management Services Ltd

The North of England P&I Association Ltd

Taskos Shipping

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 98 Who are the members of Fund Convention ?

1 ) entity which imports 150000 tons of persistent oil needs to contribute as per fund

convention.

tenzamathur (81)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 99 Cargo ships carrying Dangerous cargo. Which certificates required ?

1 ) Documents of Compliance

aseem_1972 (11)


1 times has asked

Q. 100 During PSC in India ,Inspector finds a detainable deficiency which as a master you do not

agree. What actions ?


1 times has asked

Q. 101 Procedure for removal of wreck from Indian Coast ?


1 times has asked

Q. 102 As per which section of STCW 95 our certificate is issued?


1 times has asked

Q. 103 Seaman's Identity Document ?


1 times has asked

Q. 104 Is marine Insurance compulsory? Why is it called an ACT ? Why is it required ?


1 times has asked

Q. 105 Bunker Conv ? What is it all about and when in force ?

1 ) See answer to Q377. Applies to vessels more than 1000GT. Vessels to have compulsory

insurance cover for bunker spills. Is similar to CLC but applies to ships other than Oil Tankers

aks00791 (159)


1 times has asked

Q. 106 FAL Conv ?

1 ) 1. Facilitates International Maritime Traffic.

2. Prevent unnecessary delay to ship, crew passengers & Cargo.

3. Uniformities in formalities, documentary requirements & procedure.

4. It consists of standards & recommended practices, Consist of 7 forms, 2 documents as per

postal convention.

5. ADA & EDI(Automatic data processing and Electronic data Interchange) can be utilized due to

uniform layout.

6. Language difficulties are minimized.

7. Action when stowaway are found having inadequate docs.

8. Stowaway formalities concerning repatriation.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 107 Sequence of events that will take place when Shipowner knows that his ship is overdue

Survey ?


1 times has asked

Q. 108 Bonding WIre ? What does ISGOTT say ?

1 ) ISGOTT does NOT recommend Bonding Wires

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 109 Indian Vessel carry Radio Equipment under which Conv/Act ?

1 ) Section 291 MS Act.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 110 Particular Average and Particular Charge .What is the difference ?


1 times has asked

Q. 111 Master's Overriding Authority ? Under which element of ISM ?

1 ) 5 Master's Responsibility and Authority

5.1

The Company should clearly define and document the master's responsibility with regard to:

5.1.1

implementing the safety and environmental-protection policy of the Company;

5.1.2

motivating the crew in the observation of that policy;

5.1.3

issuing appropriate orders and instructions in a clear and simple manner;

5.1.4

verifying that specified requirements are observed; and

anshuman (83)


1 times has asked

Q. 112 If enhanced survey exists what is the need of CAS ?


1 times has asked

Q. 113 Criteria for Permanent and Associate member of IACS ?

1 ) To become an associate member of IACS it requires the following:

- Minimum 15 years of experience.

- More then 750 sea going vessel.

- Total Gross Tonnage must be minimum 2 million.

- Should have 75 surveyors and 50 technical staff.

There are several classification societies working all over the world but minimum requirements

to become a full member of IACS are:

- Minimum 30 years of experience.

- More then 1500 sea going vessels registered.

- All vessels must be over 100 GT with total 8 million GT.

- Should have 150 exclusive surveyors and 100 technical staff.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 114 U have to take Pilot at Baltic Enterance. Owners say not to take and pilotage is not

compulsory. What action and where are the guideline given ?


1 times has asked

Q. 115 IMO Publications carried onboard? Is ISM Code Publication Compulsory ?


1 times has asked

Q. 116 In IMO Organisation , who is the most powerful committee ? Name some sub-committee ?


1 times has asked

Q. 117 Full procedure of Insurance of V/L? Does U/W issue the policy ? If not then who issues ?


1 times has asked

Q. 118 What is Sue and Labour Clause ?

1 ) It is the duty of the assured, their servants and agents to take such necessary measures to

prevent and minimize losses. Sue and labour charges are expenses incurred by the assured in

preventing or minimizing loss or damage due to an insured peril. Underwriter will contribute to

charges incurred under sue and labour.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 119 you r joining a vessel as a master (tanker).your IOPP certificate is expiring next

day.Vessel is sailing same day.last master is a gone case and

1 ) dts nt ur baby....jst infom company dts all...& also b4 joining chk wth company wt surveys n

inspections coming up n dues...

samb (71)

4 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 120 today is sunday ,all offices closed ,what u will do??owner tell u to do what ever u want to.


1 times has asked

Q. 121 certificate has already been extended once.what will u do now?next port is 7 day from

now.vesssel is on time charter and surveyor is not availab


1 times has asked

Q. 122 under the provision of MS Act when a crew is misbehaving,he is not reporting for

work,action as master??u r out at sea and next port 7-8 day. wh

1 )

1. Verbal correction

2. Entry in official log book by the master and signed by the master, mate or one of the crew.

3. The copy of the entry shall be given to the offender and read over and explained to him.

4. If any reply by the offender then that shall also be entered in the official log book and signed

as above.

5. Statement that a copy has been furnished and entry has been read out to the offender shall

also be entered in the official log book.

6. Fine of Rs. 1000/- or 2 years imprisonment or both

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 123 annex I is prevention and annex II is control .why??

1 ) Since oil is not miscible in water it floats and is not biodegradable and requires prevention as

per Annexx I, whereas Annex II is miscible in water and therefore can’t be detected when mixed

with water, hence requires control.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 124 SITUATION - out at sea in night u see a single red light.what it could be??what other light

it show?urs heading is 000,what is the heading of sailing vessel?

1 ) It could be a vessel on a westerly course. The vessel could be a sailing vessel or a vessel

being towed outside the range of the tug.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 125 what is Ad Valorem freight??

1 ) It is the freight paid for High valued cargoes and the freight paid is not as per Number or

quantity by upon the agreed valuation of the cargo

shibaditya (116)


1 times has asked

Q. 126 What is IDE w.r.t LRIT?Who is main renowned international organisation responsible for

oversee the operation of IDE?

1 ) International Data Exchange. US Coast Guard is a temporary organization responsible and

deputed by IMO for IDE.

Exemptions from LRIT requirements are only possible in cases as follows:

a. When the vessel is not engaged in international voyages or is operating exclusively within the

territorial waters of a single country,

b. When the vessel is operating exclusively in GMDSS sea area A1 and fitted with AIS,

c. There is long term lay-up or conversion with all shipboard system non-operational and without

shipboard power,

d. Vessel will enter into long term lay-up or conversion with all shipboard systems non-

operational and without shipboard power.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 127 what is annex III of marpol???

1 ) Prevention of pollution from NLS in packaged form.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 128 Maritme labour convention?? As much knowlwdge as possible?? MLC and DoMLC.?? 3

main points of requirements??


1 times has asked

Q. 129 LLMC ,why it came ,what was the necesssity??

1 ) 1. The reason for LLMC is the shipowner should be encouraged to invest in the high risk

ventures.

2. It is unfair that a shipowner’s liability is unlimited when a loss is caused not by his fault and

concurrence, but by the actions of others.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 130 One Red light ahead, what is it?

1 ) Compass bearing, Alter course to stbd. As I am seeing a side lights of a vessel.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 131 The ship has sailed out and after few days you receive a large claim from cargo owners.

As a master how would u varify if the claim amount is correct?



Menon at MMD kolkata


Following are the Master - ASM MMD Oral Question and Answers asked by Surveyor Capt. Menon

at MMD kolkata

6 times has asked

Q. 1 Latest Amendments of ISM ?

1 ) From 1st July 2010 :

The ISM Code has been changed a lot the full changes can be found from

http://www.maritimenz.govt.nz/Publications-and-forms/Commercial-operations/Shipping-safety/

Safety-updates/Issue11-mnz-guidance-notice-october-2009.pdf

Remember this that Capt. Menon will ask you everytime "what was it before ?" e.g. he will ask

you like if the Masters responsibilty p"eriodically reviewing the safety management system"

then what did the code said before ?

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 ) ammendment to ISM adopted 4 dec 2008

tacit accetance 1st jan 2008

entry int force 1st july 2010

sam_mate2002 (25)

1 user Rated :

4 times has asked

Q. 2 Who will do the Internal Audit On your ship with respect of ISM ?

1 ) .4 Personnel carrying out audits should be independent of the areas being audited unless

this is impracticable due to the size and the nature of the Company.

surajgautam2000 (112)

1 user Rated :

2 ) The Master cannot do the Internal Audit. The management rank officers of different

departments can do the Internal Audit. Superintendent cannot.

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

3 ) normally the DPA or ship safety and quality suprtd. can took internal audit

00nl-0736 (43)

3 user Rated :

4 times has asked

Q. 3 Impact test of Life Boat?

1 ) L/B dropped from 3 m above water . Done during manufacturing only not after that.

JAHAJEE (2715)


4 times has asked

Q. 4 What is General Obligation ? General exceptions of the carrier ?

1 ) 3 common law obligations (as to seaworthiness, deviation, reasonable despatch) are basic

obligations of all carriers.

6 common law exceptions (act of God, Queen’s enemies, inherent vice, defective packing, fraud,

jettison/general average) protect the carrier from liability, unless he is negligent, if his vessel

was unseaworthy at the start of the voyage, or if there was a serious deviation from the

contract (e.g. cargo taken to a non-agreed port, etc.).

JAHAJEE (2715)


4 times has asked

Q. 5 SITUATION - In Restricted Visibility you have a P.D. V/L ,coverging at close quarter, on your

port quarter ? Who is the Stand on/Give way vessel? Action ?


3 times has asked

Q. 6 Who issues a DOC ? How many DOC can a company have ?

1 ) Flag state issues DOC.

Company can have only 1 DOC. If the company has ships of different Flag then mostly, other flag

will approve the DOC of different Flag for same kind of ships. If not then the Flag will issue a

different DOC .

We were never able to convince where is it given in the code .!!!

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

3 times has asked

Q. 7 How to reduce vertical heeling Moment (Grain)? Where can you find the Information ?

1 ) After telling everything from the Grain Code do tell that you will fill ballast.

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 times has asked

Q. 8 What kind of B/L is on Tanker ? How is it different from other B/L ?

1 ) Tanker waybill.

sunillawrence (73)

1 user Rated :

2 ) In case of EDP the agent is authorised to sign for the master .Letter of Authorisation is given

for signing the B/L to the agent , but only in consultation of the master.

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 ) EDp Is early departure Procedure followed onboard tanker.

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 times has asked

Q. 9 What are the Expressed and Implied warranties ?

1 ) EXPRESSED WARRANTY

===================

(1) An express warranty may be in any form of words from which the intention to warrant is to

be inferred.

(2) An express warranty must be included in, or written upon, the policy, or must be contained

in some document incorporated by reference into the policy.

(3) An express warranty does not exclude implied warranty, unless it be inconsistent therewith.


A] NAVIGATION / TRADING WARRANTY

B] TOWING WARRANTIES

C] SALVAGE WARRANTIES etc

In short anything which is written is expressed

IMPLIED WARRANTY

================

Warranty not included in or endorsed on the policy.


A] SEAWORTHINESS

B] LEGALITY

C] NEUTRALITY

In short anything which is understood is implied

JAHAJEE (2715)


3 times has asked

Q. 10 MARPOL Annex 1 machinery space criteria ?


3 times has asked

Q. 11 What do you know about the Fund Convention ? Who manages the FUND ?


2 times has asked

Q. 12 What is Subrogation ?

1 ) Subrogation means that upon payment of the insured value to the policy hollder (owner in

case of vessel) the insurer takes charge of the object insured to dispose of it in manner he

deems fit (he may sell it off or may sue other parties liable for the damage/loss)

aks00791 (159)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 13 What is Particular Average ?


2 times has asked

Q. 14 What is General Average ?

1 ) As per york Antwerp Rules 1994 "There is a general average act when and only when, any

extraordinary sacrifice or expenditure is intentionally or resonably made or incurred for the

common safety for the purpose of preventing from peril the property involves in a common

maritime adventure"

amitsahrawat (16)


2 ) latest addition to ya rules 2004 numbered rule 23 is the time bar

jjos20 (1062)


2 times has asked






on bridge.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 16 What is Clause paramount ? Why is it mentioned in the Charter Party when the same is

there also in B/L ?

1 ) Clause Paramounts inserted in all C/P and has the effect of Incorporating Hague or Hague

Visby or Hamburg Rules to the contract of Carriage.

Clause Paramounts requires that all B/L issued to incorporate such Rules/Act so that the

Consignee (who may be in some other country) always knows the rules under which carriage is

done. The same is also inserted in C/P so that the Shipowner and Charterer agree to the

condition of Carriage prior signing the C/P.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 17 What is New Jason Clause ?

1 ) cargo owner to cntribute in GA

sam_mate2002 (25)


2 ) New Jason Clause (or Amended Jason Clause)

- is required to protect owners against the possibility of US lawsuits.

- Under US common law, a shipowner cannot claim General Average contributions from cargo

where there has been faulty navigation or management of the ship. The owners will therefore

seek to exonerate himself from liability for loss from these causes. However, the Harter Act

1893 made it illegal to insert any clause in a bill of lading exonerating the ship from liability for

loss caused through negligence, improper stowage, etc. Even so, a clause was commonly

inserted in bills of lading giving owners the right to claim General Average contributions from

cargo.

- Validity of the clause was tested in a 1904 court case concerning the s.s. Jason, and in 1911

after lengthy litigation, the clause’s validity was upheld by the court.

- It has since been extended to include salvage, and is now called the New (or Amended) Jason

Clause and commonly inserted in bills of lading and charter parties.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 18 What is Inchmaree Clause ?

1 ) Insurers to indemnify for 3rd part mistakes like Master, crew, Pilots, Surveyors, Stevedores,

Dock Labours etc.

JAHAJEE (2715)

2 user Rated :

2 ) A standard clause in maritime insurance contracts covering risk of events not directly linked

to perils at sea such as, but not necessarily limited to, loading accidents.Named after a ship

called the Inchmaree which suffered damage as a result of the breakdown of a pump.

tomlaks (72)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 19 What do you know about Anti Fouling convention ?

1 ) http://www.imo.org/Environment/mainframe.asp?topic_id=223

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 20 Can you discharge E/R bilges in special Area ? If yes then how is it deifferent from

discharge in Non special area ?

1 ) Yes . In Special area there is requirement of alarm as well as automatic stopping device. In

non special area it is only alarm and manual stop is there.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 21 Can a vessel sail without signing B/L on tankers ? Who signs the B/L then and with whose

permission ?

1 ) n case of EDP the agent is authorised to sign for the master .Letter of Authorisation is given

for signing the B/L to the agent , but only in consultation with the master.Permission from

owners, master, charterers ,all concerned parties.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 22 What is utmost Good faith ?

1 ) It is the name of a legal doctrine which governs insurance contracts. This means that all

parties to an insurance contract must deal in good faith, making a full declaration of all material

facts in the insurance proposal.

This is a doctrine followed by Lloyd's of London for all marine policies and it is expected that the

insured shall declare all pertinent information for the object insured.

aks00791 (159)

2 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 23 What is Insurable Interest ?


2 times has asked

Q. 24 What are the difference between the LOF 2000 and LOF 95 ?


2 times has asked

Q. 25 What is SCOPIC ?

1 ) scopic is a special compensation for salvage oparation which has to be agreed between

onwer & salvor.it is without safty net & no geographical problem.

lillaly (103)

1 user Rated :

2 ) Special Compensation of P & I Club. In case of salvage.Article 14.

vks_sd (52)

1 user Rated :

2 times has asked

Q. 26 What do you know about the CLC Fund ? Who will issue the Certificate ?


2 times has asked

Q. 27 What is LSSA ?

1 ) Lloyd's Standard Salvage and arbitration Clause

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) Clause in LOF 2000

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 28 What is Sue and Labour Clause ?

1 ) It is the duty of the assured, their servants and agents to take such necessary measures to

prevent and minimize losses. Sue and labour charges are expenses incurred by the assured in

preventing or minimizing loss or damage due to an insured peril. Underwriter will contribute to

charges incurred under sue and labour.

Satyarthi (175)


2 times has asked

Q. 29 Risk Assessment?


2 times has asked

Q. 30 Static and Dynamic test of Life Boat ?

1 ) STATIC TEST

===========

5 yearly loaded to 1.5 times the Max brake holding capacity of Davit and tested for deformation.

DYNAMIC TEST

============

5 yearly loaded to 1.1 times the Max brake holding capacity of Davit and released at max

lowering speed. Tested for deformation.

Both done only in drydock.

Also annually done the dynamic test onboard by L/B manufacturing company representative with

no crew in boat and lowered at Max lowering speed and checked.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 times has asked

Q. 31 how to calculate the position of datum in sar


1 times has asked

Q. 32 Who approves the damage control Plan ?

1 ) It is issued by the shipyard and approved by the classification society (remember the class

stamp on damage stability booklet which every inspector wants to see?)

chithi_dis (87)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 33 What is contract of Affreightment?

1 ) Contract of Affreightment is the expression usually employed to describe the contract

between a ship-owner and another person called the charterer, by which the ship-owner agrees

to carry goods of the charterer in his ship, or to give to the charterer the use of the whole or

part of the cargo-carrying space of the ship for the carriage of his goods on a specified voyage

or voyages or for a specified time. The charterer on his part agrees to pay a specified price,

called freight, for the carriage of the goods or the use of the ship.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 ) Generally done for large quantities of Cargo ...Like LNG for 3 yrs from say port X to Port Y

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 34 SITUATION - You are a P.D. V/L and you see a tow on your Port bow ? What action will you

take and under which rule ? At what distance will you alter the Course ?

1 ) You are standon .Alteration to stb if the give way vessel not responding. Alteration at

minimum 6 miles (Safe Navigation).

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) Do not forget to sound 5 short and rapid blast prior any alteration to confirm about the give

ways vessel action.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 35 What is Proximity Clause ?


1 times has asked

Q. 36 What are the perils of Insurance ?


1 times has asked

Q. 37 You have received Damaged cargo. The charterers are giving LOI. Will you sign the B/L ?

1 ) No . will inform the owner and if required P&I Club. Until a written confirmation from owners

do not come will not sign B/L.

JAHAJEE (2715)

4 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 38 You are in open sea and experiencing Wind Force more than 10 ? What action will you take

w.r.t. the Maneuverability ?

1 ) 1st of all as master in open sea monitor wx fax daily...2nd if drs chances of bad wx take extra

precautions such as add.ballat,securing on dk,e/r,galley etc. 3rd if wind force increasing chose

best way to avoid it by doing alteration of course or increase spd...if d load on engines is

increasing dn reduce d spd. n a/c of courese..to mini. damage to v/l..

samb (71)

2 user Rated :

2 ) With wind force 10, it is prudent to minimise the speed to keep the vessel in safe

manoeuvring mode and not putting load on the engines. Vsl should be heaved on to the swell to

minimise effects of synchronised rolling. As for cargo part, a note of protest should be noted.

Bhoops

bhupesh (108)

1 user Rated :

3 ) Reduce Speed. Bring the Engines to Dead Slow ahead.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 39 What are running Down clause ? What is 3/4th Clause?

1 ) Both are same

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 40 Who will pay after the Supplementary fund is exceeded ?

1 ) loss sharing bases

tenzamathur (81)


1 times has asked

Q. 41 Is IOPC under IMO ?

1 ) No

- The 1992 Fund is governed by an Assembly composed of representatives of the Governments

of all its Member States. The Assembly holds an ordinary session once a year. It elects an

Executive Committee made up of 15 Member States. The main function of the Executive

Committee is to approve the settlement of claims for compensation.

- The Supplementary Fund has its own Assembly which is composed of all States that are

Members of that Fund whereas the 1971 Fund, which is in the process of being wound up, has

an Administrative Council which is composed of all former Member States.

- Organisations connected with the maritime transport of oil, such as those representing

shipowners, marine insurers and the oil industry, as well as environmental organisations, are

represented as observers at the IOPC Funds’ meetings. Decisions by the IOPC Funds’ governing

bodies are, however, taken solely by the representatives of the Governments of the Member

States.

- The 1992 Fund Assembly appoints the Director of the IOPC Funds, who is responsible for the

operation of the three Funds and has extensive authority to take decisions regarding the

settlement of claims. The Funds have their headquarters in London and are administered by a

joint Secretariat.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 42 What are track spacing and how are they calculated ?


1 times has asked

Q. 43 What do you know about the hamburg rules ? How it came into force and who brought it ?

1 ) In 1971 UNCTAD recommended that a new international conference be called under the

united nations auspices. A new set of rules were prepared by the UNICITRAL and was adopted in

hamburg in 1978, tehese rules are called Hamburg Rules, cma into force from 01st Jan 1992.

amitsahrawat (16)


1 times has asked

Q. 44 When will Towage become Salvage ?

1 ) A criterion for whether a towing vessel has become a salving vessel is “ have there been

supervening circumstances which would justifying her in abandoning her contract?”—not the

tow, but abandoning the contract to tow.

It must be ascertained as to whether the services that were to be rendered eventually by the

tug such as to have been beyond the reasonable contemplation of the parties when they

originally negotiated the towage contract.

It is beyond doubt that towage and salvage services cannot be performed concurrently. One

must finish before the other starts.

Definite guidelines have been established in the courts(1928 The Homewood case) to determine

where the towage stops and salvage starts. For the tug owner to consider rightly that he had

taken on the role of salvor it is essential that:

a)the services he performed were of such an extraordinary nature that they could not have been

with in the reasonable contemplation of the parties to the original towage contract

b)the services in fact performed and the risks in fact would not have been reasonably

remunerated if the contractual remuneration only was paid.

In short , mere difficulty in the performance of the towage does not automatically ‘convert’ the

towage into salvage. The burden of proof is heavy and lies upon the tug owner claiming the

salvage reward. He must show that the nature of the service changed from towage to salvage

through no fault or want of skill on his part and simply and solely by accident or fortuitous

circumstances over which he had no control.

jjos20 (1062)

1 user Rated :

2 ) 1)when services being performed by the tugs are of such an exceptional nature that they are

not within reasonable contemplation of towage contract 2)services being performed by the tug

will not be adequately compensated by towage contract



1 times has asked

Q. 45 Pooping ?

1 ) Pooping is the term used to describe the seas breaking over the stern of the vessel. This can

also be dangerous particularly for an open decked vessel. Large amounts of water can quickly

flood the vessel, causing additional problems.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) http://www.spc.int/coastfish/sections/training/fts_pdf/statutory/nautical_lg_en.pdf

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 46 Broaching ?

1 ) Broaching:- when a steep following sea causes the vessel to ‘surf’ forwards controllably, the

bow tends to ‘dig’ into the wave ahead, decelerating the vessel rapidly. The forces on the stern

will cause the stern to swing violently to the left or right and the vessel will come to rest

broadside to the waves. A rapid “broaching” may cause a capsize.

http://www.spc.int/coastfish/sections/training/fts_pdf/statutory/nautical_lg_en.pdf

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 47 Who are the members of Fund Convention ?

1 ) entity which imports 150000 tons of persistent oil needs to contribute as per fund

convention.

tenzamathur (81)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 48 Type A and B-100 ships difference wrt Loadline ?


1 times has asked

Q. 49 Difference between Demise and Bare boat Charterer.


1 times has asked

Q. 50 Sistership Clause? Why was it required ?


1 times has asked

Q. 51 Full name of Antifouling Convetion? How will a surveyor know that Antifouling paint is

applied ?


1 times has asked

Q. 52 What was the condition for entry of Annex 4 of MARPOL? Has India ratified Annex 4?

1 ) Yes India has ratified Annex 4.

http://www.imo.org/includes/blastData.asp/doc_id=693/status-x.xls

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 53 You are berthed alongside Stb side.Onshore wind. You have a ship 25m Forward and 25m

Aft berthed. How will you cast off ? No Tugs and No BT.

1 ) Refer

Book : The Theory and Practice of Seamanship

Edition : 11


Pg No. : 23

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

2 ) please do not sail...

99NL0038 (67)

3 user Rated :

3 ) Mariners who passed said that they will give a short kick with Port Rudder, let it swing a

little port and a little ahead, drop port anchor to stop onshore drift and then Astern kick to clear

...While Capt menon was not very happy with this but he agreed to it.

JAHAJEE (2715)

3 user Rated :

4 ) let go all lines fwd aft except aft aft springs and 1 breast line. give shot kick ahd andwith

rudder hard stbd.when bow clears well from vsl ahd. then let all lines aft, with on shore wind

stern will move to stbd. and with ahd and stbd movement vsl can cast off easily. bt if wind speed

is very high donotunberth till wind subsides.

PRABHGEET (6)


1 times has asked

Q. 54 SITUATION - You have a V/L on your Stb Beam same Co and spd for 5-6 hrs. You see a

vessel on your Port bow on collision Co. Action in normal Vis and RV open sea.

1 ) In Normal visibity he will not allow to reduce speed, hence can alter to port just remeber to

alter at 6-8 miles.

JAHAJEE (2715)

1 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 55 In case of salvage an arbitrator solves disputes between which parties ?


1 times has asked

Q. 56 PSC Non Favourable treatment ?


1 times has asked

Q. 57 Various PSC MOU ? Is USA part of any MOU ?


1 times has asked

Q. 58 What is the name of South America MOU (PSC) ?

1 ) Vina Del Mar

shibaditya (116)


1 times has asked

Q. 59 A Stowaway is Found after 2 days of sailing from Port. Action ?


1 times has asked

Q. 60 Validity of DOC?

1 ) Validity of DOC : 5 yrs

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 61 Coast station is asking you to become the OSC (u r alone).Distress message rcvd 12 hrs

before. Patttern u will choose and the calculation of Dist.


1 times has asked

Q. 62 About Capt Menon.

1 ) Capt Menon lays too much stress on COMMERCIAL KNOWLEDGE, ISM. Most of the times he

gives hint also if you are telling something wrong. Subconsciously he also judges by the

confidence of the Candidate.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) Capt. Menon confuses you a lot even when you know that you are correct. If you know that

ALL IS WELL then just stick to your answer....

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 63 What do you understand by COGSA ? Why is it required ?

1 ) Carriage of goods by sea Act. Each Country has its own COGSA in which details of sea

carriage of goods are given and the rules governing them is given. It briefs whether the country

follows the HR, HVR or Hamburg rules.

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) As far as COGSA is concerned for INDIA it is just a copy of Hague-Visby rules.

aks00791 (159)


1 times has asked

Q. 64 DOA ? Grain loading requirements ?


1 times has asked

Q. 65 corrective action for angle of loll


1 times has asked

Q. 66 When can ship crew claim for salvage?





reward.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 67 Does a state contribute in Fund ? How is it decided how much to contribute ?

1 ) The 1992 Fund is financed by contributions levied on any person who has received in one

calendar year more than 150 000 tonnes of crude oil and heavy fuel oil (contributing oil) in a

State Party to the 1992 Fund Convention.

The levy of contributions is based on reports of oil receipts in respect of individual contributors.

Member States are required to communicate every year to the 1992 Fund the name and address

of any person in that State who is liable to contribute, as well as the quantity of contributing oil

received by any such person. This applies whether the receiver of oil is a Government authority,

a State-owned company or a private company. Only persons having received more than 150 000

tonnes of contributing oil in the relevant year should be reported.

The Fund Secretariat estimates the amount required for the following year for compensation

payments and administrative costs. The decision on the total amount required is taken by the

Assembly. This amount is divided by the total quantity of contributing oil received in the

Member States. This gives an amount per tonne of oil received. The quantity of oil received by

each contributor is multiplied by the amount per tonne to get the amount in pounds sterling

which has to be paid by that contributor.

http://www.iopcfund.org/finance.htm

http://www.iopcfund.org/npdf/genE.pdf

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 68 What are Observations and findings ?


1 times has asked

Q. 69 What is Condition of Class ? Give an Example ?

1 ) A vessel loosing its anchor and then class can issue COC to sail till next port where a new

Anchor can be placed back on ship.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 70 COGSA ? What is it ? Is it a convention or protocol or Code or Act ?


1 times has asked

Q. 71 Define NC ? Who will issue NC ? Can a vessel sail with NC ?

1 ) Definition of NC:It is an observed situation where objective evidence indicates nonfulfilment

of specific requirements. NC's are issued by auditors incase of internal or external audits or PSC

incase of PSC inspections. Vessel can sail ith NC's but it has to closed within the time frame

agreed between the auditor/ surveyor and Master

vvkviswanathan (16)


1 times has asked

Q. 72 COC ? Example ?

1 ) Condition of class....and not certificate of competency.

Example : A vessel loosing its anchor and then class can issue COC to sail till next port where a

new Anchor can be placed back on ship.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 73 A company has ships registered with different Flag States. How many DOC will it have ?

1 ) If One flag approves the DOC of the other it will only have 1 DOC else as many as Flag states.

Capt. menon was not very happy with this condition and he said there is a particular condition

which no candidate knew ...

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 74 Difference between CLC and Fund ?

1 ) 1. Under CLC money collected(guarantee) from shipowner while in Fund it is collected from

individuals/company importing more than 150,000 T of oil.

2. CLC and FUND Claim limits are different.

3. FUND Claims are claims that exceed CLC Claims e.g. it includes CLC claim.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 75 How do you drop anchor in rough weather ?

1 ) I will never drop anchor in ROugh Weather.

We heave up anchor in Rough weather and do not drop....

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 76 Wearing Turn ?


1 times has asked

Q. 77 Pressure testing of the CO2 System ?


1 times has asked

Q. 78 When are the Dynamic/Static test of Lifeboat done ? What about the Impact and Drop test

of Lifeboat ?

1 ) Dynamic/ Static test - 5 Yrs

Impact/ Drop test - During Manufacture.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 79 What are quartering seas ? What are the disadvantages ?

1 ) When the vessel has seas coming from quarter then it is known as Quartering seas. May

result into Pooping and Broaching and finally capsizing the vessel.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 80 HVR vs Hamburg Rules ?


1 times has asked

Q. 81 Why was there need of Hamburg Rules ?

1 ) HVR was considered pro carrier and had long list of exceptions by which the liabilities of

carrier were shunned off, hence outcry by Shippers and states mainly importing the cargo like

USA. Hamburg Rules thus formulated with extended Liabilities of Carrier.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 82 Define Observation ?


1 times has asked

Q. 83 Define Non Conformity ?


1 times has asked

Q. 84 Give an example of Sue and Labour ?


1 times has asked

Q. 85 Difference between DOC and SMC ?

1 ) 1. DOC for Company while SMC for Ships of that Company.

2. Validity of DOC and SMC both 5 Yrs.

3. DOC has annual Survey while SMC has only 1 Intermediate survey in 5 yrs.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 86 Cesser Clause ?

1 ) Where the charterers are not the owners of the goods but is acting only as an agent or

broker for the loading of another party's goods, he will probably be anxious to ensure that his

liability for the cargo ceases once it is loaded. This is usually expressed in a Cesser Clause

stating that "...charterer's liability will cease on shipment of cargo and payment of freight,

deadfreight and demurrage", i.e. sums incurred at the loading port.

The shipowner, however, will not want to find himself without a remedy for any breach of

contract or damage done to his vessel after the charterer's liability has ceased, and will want

legal recourse against another party, who will usually be the receiver of the goods. Therefore, if

a Cesser Clause is incorporated in the charter party, a Lien Clause will also be included giving

the owners the right to retain possession of the goods at the discharge port until outstanding

debts are paid.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 87 Latest Amendments of COGSA ?

1 ) 1. The Act has been extended to the new Provinces and Merged States and union territories

2. "Goods" includes any property including live animals as well as containers, pallets or similar

articles of transport or packaging supplied by the consignor, irrespective of whether such

property is to be or is carried on or under deck

3. A suit may be brought after the expiry of the period of one year, within a further period of not

more than three months as allowed by the court".

4. Neither the carrier nor the ship shall be entitled to the benefit of limitation of liability if it is

proved that the damage resulted from an act or omission of the carrier done with intent to

cause damage, or recklessly and with knowledge that damage would probably result.

5. For the words and figures "amount exceeding 100 Per package or unit", the words and figures

"amount exceeding 666.67 Special Drawing Rights per package or unit or 02 Special Drawing

Rights per kilogram of gross weight of the goods lost or damaged, whichever is higher" shall be

substituted;

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 88 You are the master of a ship (Sailing in deep sea) and a crew is either seriously Injured or

dead ? What all action will you take ?

1 ) If crew is seriously injured then initial first aid to be given and should be immediately sent

for proper treatment. If the vessel is at sea then he should be picked by helicopter.An log entry

shall be made in a OLB which should be signed by master, mate and ship surgeon if on board.

If a crew is dead then master shall take all his belongings in his custody and shall inform to his

next of kins. If the vessel is in foreign port for more than 48 hours then hand over all his

belongings to councelor officer and should take a receipt of it and master shall hand over this

receipt to shipping master once vessel comes to India.

If vessel is in India then master shall hand over all his belongings to shipping master and shall

take receipt. Master shall in all case shall make an log book entry is OLB and shall be signed by

master, mate or crew member and by ship surgeon if on board.Entries shall also be made in

respect of his balance wages and any deductions.

tenzamathur (81)

4 user Rated :

1 times has asked

Q. 89 EPIRB got transmitted by mistake ? What action ? Why cannot we switch off the EPIRB

directly ?

1 ) 1. Contact the Nearest MRCC.Same can be obtained from ALRS Vol 5.

2. Inform the nearest MRCC that EPIRB got activated by mistake.

3. Switch off EPIRB by taking out its battery.

4. Inform the company about the incident.

5. Log into the Devk Log book of all events.

We should not switch off immediately since the MRCC might think that the vessel is already sunk

and will take longer to contact us as then we will not be transmitting any signal. MRCC may start

its SAR operations which will result in useless expenses.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 90 V/L is coming out of Port and some dangerous situtation require tugs for help. Will it come

under salvage ?

1 ) Yes it will if there is a threat to the maritime property. For a salvage to occur following 4

points have to be present

1. Voluntary

2. Success

3. Maritime property must be involved

4. Peril

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 91 Interaction ?


1 times has asked

Q. 92 Smelling of Ground ?

1 ) Book : The Theory and Practice of Seamanship

Edition : 11


Pg No. : 61

JAHAJEE (2715)


2 ) Occurs when a ship is nearing an extremely shallow depth of water, such as a shoal. The ship

is likely to take a sudden sheer first towards it and then away from it into deeper water known

as smelling the ground.

In a narrow passage or canal it can produce a dangerous sheer towards the opposite shore or

bank, but it can be beneficial if the water opposite the shoal is deep and safe.

Satyarthi (175)


1 times has asked

Q. 93 Master and crew abandons a vessel and Later some crew went and saves the ship. Can

those crew ask for Salvage award ? What if master still onboard ?





reward.

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 94 INSTITUTE Warranties ?


1 times has asked

Q. 95 Parametric Rolling ?


1 times has asked

Q. 96 Type of Ships as per Loadline ?

1 ) Type A and Type B

JAHAJEE (2715)


1 times has asked

Q. 97 Objective of ISM.

1 ) The objectives of the Code are to ensure safety at sea, prevention of human injury or loss of

life, and avoidance of damage to the environment, in particular to the marine environment, and

to property.

vks_sd (52)


1 times has asked

Q. 98 Enhance survey programme


1 times has asked

Q. 99 What all equipment will be checked in safety construction certificate


oral sets

Documents

miles miles

masthead light

actions satyarthi

persons fwd

mtrs masthead vsl

mtrs sidelights masthead

persons onboard

fishing vessel