THE COMMAND AND GENERAL STAFF COLLEGE

LIBRARY

Call Number _ 9 4 Q J U U565o Col

CGSC Form 164 (Rev) 22 Oct 52 USACGSCPO-33961 Apr 605M

ORDER OF BATTLE OF THE

UNITED STATES ARMY GROUND FORCES IN

WORLD WAR II

PACIFIC THEATER OF OPERATIONS

OFFICE OF THE CHIEF OF MILITARY HISTORY DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY

WASHINGTON, D.C., 1959

OGT 1 196

ORDER QF BATTLE

of the

UNITED STATES ARM* GROUND FORCES

in

WORLD WAR II

Pacific Theater of Operations

Administrative and Logistical Commands,

Armies, Corps, and Divisions

Office of the Chief of Military History

Department of the Army

Washington, D.C., 1959

MAY ~ 1961

PREFACE

This volume, prepared as a work of reference and an aid to research, is concerned with the organization and disposition of United States Army ground forces that opposed the Japanese during World War II. The area covered includes Alaska, the islands of the central and South Pacific, Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, the Philippines, Okinawa, China, Burma, and India

The period covered is 7 December l

The various records of events as here published were prepared by Captain Johnson and Mrs. Louise S. Milburn, who was a member of the Order of Battle Branch from its inception. Others who did research and writing in the Record of Events Section, Order of Battle Branch, for varying periods of time were Mr. Eugene L. Flynn, Mr. Murray Friedman, Mr. Charles A. Karl, Mr. Loren A. Matthews, and Mr. George R. Barley.

In addition to performing research and writing, Dr. A. John Alexander, Dr. Louis A Persh, Captain Johnson, and Mrs. Milburn, each . serving in turn as Assistant Chief, Order of Battle Branch, reviewed the drafts of the records of events.

Mrs. Loretto Carroll Stevens and Mrs. Gay Morenus Hammerman did the final editing of the entire manuscript. The burden of typing the final copy in its present form was shared by Mrs. Elvera May Burch and Mrs. Delores Dobbins Williams.

IV

EXPLANATION TO THE USER

This volume provides information on the following subjects: activations; reorganizations; redesignations; location of units; location of command posts; missions; operations; designations, formation and dissolution of task forces; commanders; assignment of units; attachment of units; and intraservice command relationships .

Part One is devoted to administrative and logistical commands. Each chapter deals with the administrative and logistical commands within one geographical area. The highest administrative command within the area is usually treated first, followed by the subordinate administrative and logistical commands. Each command has a short introduction, followed by a record of events of the headquarters, a list of commanders, a list of the next higher commands to which the command in question was assigned or attached, a brief treatment of the subordinate commands, and a list of the types of documents used in the compilation of the record of events.

Part Two is devoted to armies, corps, and divisions. Commands of equal rank are arranged numerically within each chapter. There is a record of events for each command, followed by a list of commanders, a list of the next higher commands to which the command in question was assigned or attached, a list of organic units for each division, and a list of the types of documents used in the compilation of the record of events.

The reader will find that the organization of the record of events is basically the same for each command. However, in the case of some commands the mission, organization, or other factors required a slightly different treatment in order to produce a clear picture

The record of events for each army or corps contains a list of units that were designated to participate in a particular operation under that army or corps. Certain units on the list were assigned to the army or corps after the designation date, and their date of actual assignment will be found in the record of events for divisions.

If the reader wishes to follow an operation listed under OPERATIONS IN THE PACIFIC (see Appendix C), he should turn to the record of events of the unit or units listed opposite the name of the operation. By following the cross reference, he can assemble

the entire operation. For example, the unit listed opposite RECKLESS Operation is ALAMO Force. The reader can turn to the record of events of ALAMO Force where he will find that I and XI Corps and the 2^th, 32d, *Hst, and 4 3d Divisions participated in the operation. After examining the record of events of these units, the reader will have a picture of the operation.

The list of commanders for some units is not complete; nor are the dates of departure and arrival of units always known. However, the reader's attention is called to these omissions.

The list of assignments and attachments of commands shows only the next Ldgher headquarters to which the command was assigned or attached.

In compiling the data for this volume many problems were encountered for which a completely satisfactory solution was not found. For example, the terms "regiment" and "regimental combat team" were used interchangeably in source material, that is, a source might show a regimental combat team attached to a division or other unit and show the relief of the combat team as an infantry regiment. On many occasions, one source referring to the attachment of a regiment identified the unit as a regiment and another source identified the unit as a regimental combat team.

This volume gives the official effective date of activation as shown in the activation order. Sometimes the effective date and the actual date of the activation of a unit conflicted. There were instances when the physical organization of the unit actually began several days or weeks prior to the official effective date and others in which the organization began several days or weeks after the official effective date of activation.

Occasionally the orders which set up a provisional or overhead unit would err in using the terms "activate" or "constitute"; some orders used such terms as "formed," "established," or "organized." In each case the term and effective date is given as stated in the order.

In some instances locating units exactly was rendered most difficult by the failure of many sources to distinguish between the island group and the principal island of the group, both of which might bear the same name. For example, the principal island of the New Georgia group is New Georgia; that of the Palau group, Balau. Whenever the source was ambiguous, every effort was made

VI

to determine on which island of the group a unit was located.

At times the researcher suspected that some of the sources consulted referred to islands near New Guinea as New Guinea This suspicion could not always be confirmed; consequently, some units may be shown as having been on New Guinea when they were actually on one of the near islands.

While some general orders showed that an officer was assuming command temporarily in the absence of the permanent commander many general orders did not. Therefore, all lists of commanders include temporary and permanent commanders, with no distinction made between the two.

The terms "assignment" and "attachment" as shown in the source material presented a problem. Most attachments were for operational control; some attachments were for administration, supply, or other purposes. In this volume the term "attachment" is used to indicate operational control primarily. The term "assignment" indicates administrative and operational control, unless a unit was attached to another command while administrative control remained with the command to which the unit was assigned.

Often it was difficult to determine the exact date on which a mission was assigned to a unit. Many times a mission was given orally and later confirmed by a field order. The date the verbal order was given is not always known. Whenever possible the date that a verbal order or warning order was received is shown in the record of events. However, the entry in the record of events shoving the mission of a unit was usually taken from a field order of the next higher command and the date of the entry is the date of the field order.

All major objectives taken by a division advancing in its zone of action have been included, and in many instances, though not all, minor objectives are also shown.

For the convenience of the reader, a List of Abbreviations, a List of Place Names, a List of Operations in the Pacific, and Tables of Organization are appended.

vii

CONTENTS

PART ONE

Major A d m i n i s t r a t i v e and L o g i s t i c a l Commands

Chapter page

I . SOUTHWEST PACIFIC AREA

United States Army^Forces in the Far East - - United States Army Forces in the Philippines . TT $

North Luzon Force . , . . . . . # 3J4.

S o u t h L u z o n F o r c e 1 6

V i s a y a n F o r c e ' 2k Mindanao Force 2$

B a t a a n D e f e n s e F o r c e . # 1 8

I P h i l i p p i n e C o r p s 1 9 H P h i l i p p i n e C o r p s 2 1 y i s a y a n - M i n d a n a o F o r c e 2 2

Luzon Force . . 26 P h i l i p p i n e Department 27 P h i l i p p i n e Coast Art i l l ! e r y Command 29 P h i l i p p i n e D i v i s i o n 30

Uni ted S t a t e s Army Forces i n the Far Eas t 3k M i l i t a r y P o l i c e Command . I 4 . 2 I Z r b h A n t i a i r c r a f t C o m m a n d . \&

ix

Chapter

I I .

United States Army Services of Supply, Southwest Pacific Area, and Predecessor and Successor Commands I h5

Major Subord inate Commands i n A u s t r a l i a . . . . 6 l Major Subordinate Commands i n New Guinea . 70 Major Subord inate Commands i n t h e P h i l i p p i n e s . 81 Army S e r v i c e Command-0 . 9 0 Army S e r v i c e Command-I 9 1 E n g i n e e r C o n s t r u c t i o n Command 92 USASOS Genera l Depo . . 9 3 D i s t r i b u t i o n D i v i s i o n 9k Procurement Division . . 9$ L e y t e E n g i n e e r D i s t r i c t 9 6 Luzon E n g i n e e r D i s t r i c t 97 General E n g i n e e r D i s t r i c t . . 98 C o n s t r u c t i o n Corps o f t t e P h i l i p p i r e s 98 USASOS Boat B u i l d i n g Command! . . . ^9

U n i t e d S t a t e s Army F o r c e s , P a c i f i c 1 0 1

CENTRAL PACIFIC AREA

Hawaiian Department and S u c c e s s o r Commands 2.07 C e n t r a l P a c i f i c Base Command . . 126 We s t e r n P a c i f i c Base Command

# # 2.3O Hawaiian Coas t A r t i l l e r y Command 2.33 O f f i c e , C h i e f o f Hawai ian A r t i l l e r y ^ Hawaiian S e a c o a s t A r t i l l e rryy CojaraanCojaraandd 2.36 Hawaiian A n t i a i r c r a f t A r t i l l e r CommanCommandd . . . 1 3 ^i l l e r yy .

S e r v i c e s o f Supply Army and P o r t S e r v i c e Command Department Reserve (Combat T r a i n i n g Command) Ground D e f e n s e s o f Oahu . . . 7 . Replacement T r a i n i n g Command 1 3 t h Replacement Depot . . . . . D i s t r i c t F o r c e s . , A m y G a r r i s o n F o r c e s . Army Area Commands

x

III. SOUTH PACIFIC AREA

United States Army Forces in the South Pacific Area and Successor Command, South Pacific Base Command . , . . . . . . 185

I s l a n d C o m m a n d s c . 1 9 0 Services of Supply, South Pacific Area . . . . . . 208 Island Service Commands 210

CHINA-BURMA.-INDIA THEATER

United States Army Forces, China, Burma, and India 217 Services of Supply, China, Burma, and India and

Successor Command, Services of Supply, India, Burma Theater 223

Base and Advance Sections 229 Construction Service 235 E a s t e r n S e c t i o n . . * 2 3 5 Services of Supply, Ramgarh Training Area . . 236 Ramgarh Training Center 237

Combat Troops, Ledo Sector Y-Force Operations Staff Z-Force Operations Staff Northern Combat Area Command 2*4-2 5307th Composite U n i t (Provisional) 5315th Infantry Training Center TProvisional)

# . Ame r i c a n D e l h i Military A r e a Command 2k6

Chinese Training and Combat Command 238 Chinese Army in India 239

Un i t e d States F o r c e s , India, Burma ffiieater . . . 2^7

Un i t e d States F o r c e s , China Theater 2 5 0 Services of Supply, China Theater 2 5 ^

A r e a Commands a nd Base Sections 257 Chinese Combat Command (Provisional) 262 Chinese Training Command (Provisional) 263 C h u n g k i n g S t a t i o n C o m m a n d 2 6 3

x i

Chapter Page

V. ALASKA

Alaskan Department and Predecessor Commands 267

Alaskan Territorial Quard 27U )pai skaiThe Alaskan Scouts . . . . , . . 273

Alaska National Guard . T 275 Installations . 276

PART TWO

Major T a c t i c a l Commands

7 1 . ARMIES

S i x t h A m y . . Eighth Ar5y 30U Tenth ArngT" 316

7 1 1 . CORPS

I Corps # # # 321;

IX Corps 335 X Corps

# orps ^9

XIV Corps 373 XXIV Corps 383

X l l

Chapter

VTII. DIVISIONS

1st Cavalry Division 391 bth Infantry Division 5 7th Infantry Division 11th Airborne Division 2*J-th Infantry Division 25th Infantry Division ^59 27th Infantry Division 31st Infantry Division 32d Infantry Division 33d Infantry Division 510 37th Infantry Division 519 3Bth Infantry Division j-Oth Infantry Division

Infantry Division 561 Infantry Division" 575

77th Infantry Division 590 gist Infantry Division 6Ok 93d Infantry Division 613 96th Infantry Division 628 9flth Infantry Division 638 Amerieal Division T~T 6^

Appendix

A. List of Abbreviations 66l B. List of Place Names 672 C. Operations in the Pacific 691 D. Tables of Organization 693

xiii

Command Charts

No.

1. USAFFE: 8 December 19*1-1 - 21 March 1942 12 2. USFIP: 21 March 1942 - 6 May 1942 13 3- USAFFE: 26 February 1943 - 10 June 1945 ** 4. mj or Subordinate Commands of USASOS - AFWESPAC 54 5. USASOS Major Subordinate Commands in Australia 62 6. USASOS Major Subordinate Commands in New Guinea 71 7. USASOS - AFWESPAC Major Subordinate Commands in New Guinea . 72 8. USASOS Major Subordinate Commands in the Philippines . . . . 82 9. USASOS - AFWESPAC Major Subordinate Commands in the

Philippines 83 10. Hawaiian Department and USAFICPA: 7 December 194l - 30

June 1944 124 1 1 . USAFICPA - U^ AFPOA - AFMIDPAC: 1 July 1944 - 15 August

19^5 125 12. PERSECUTION Task Force: 28 - 29 June 1944 351 13. PERSECUTION Task Force: 29 June - 8 July 1944 352 14. PERSECUTION Task Force: 8 - 1 1 July 1944 353 15. PERSECUTION Task Force: 1 1 - 1 2 July 1944 354 16. PERSECUTION Task Force: 12- 15 July 1944 355 17. PERSECUTION Task Force: 15 - 17 July 1944 . . . . . . . . . 356 18. PERSECUTION Task Force: 1 7 - 2 1 July 1944 357 19. PERSECUTION Task Force: 22- 25 July 1944 358 20. PERSECUTION Task Force: 2 5 - 3 0 July 1944 359 21. PERSECUTION Task Force: 31 July - 10 August 1944 36O 22. PERSECUTION Task Force: 10 - 11 August 1944 361 23. PERSECUTION Task Force: 11 - 13 August 1944 362 24. PERSECUTION Task Force: 13 - 16 August 1944 363 25. PERSECUTION Task Force: 16 - 25 August 1944 36*4

Staff Charts

I. USAFFE: 26 February 1943 - 10 June 1945 4l II. USFIA: 5 January 1942 - 16 January 1942 55

III. USAFIA: 16 January 1942 - 18 February 1942 56 IV. USAFIA - USASOS: 18 February 1942 - 26 February 1943 ... 57 V. USASOS Staff Positions: 26 February 1943 - 3 September

1943 58 VI. USASOS: 3 September 1943 - 7 June 1945 59

VII. AFWESPAC Staff Positions: 7 June 1945 - 15 August 1945 . . 60

xiv

PART ONE

MAJOR ADlOINISIftATTVi: AND LOGISTICAL COMMANDS

CHAPTER I

SOUTHWEST PACIFIC AREA

UNITED STATES ARMY FORCES HI THE FAR EAST (USAEFE) UNITED STATES IORCES IN THE PHILIPPINES (USFIP )

When the Japanese struck the Philippines on 8 December 1941 (Manila t ime) , American and Philippine uni t s in the Philippines were in the process of mobilizing to meet the growing threa t of war i n the Pac i f ic .

The o ld Army command in the area the Philippine Department in existence as such since 1913* vks supplanted as top Army command in the Phi l ippines on 27 July l#4l (Manila time) by the United Sta tes Army forces in the Far East (USAFEE). The Philippine Department was retained, and performed the function of a service command. At the same t ine an execut i ve order of the President ca l led into active service elements of the Phil ippine Army and Air Corps which had been organized and which were being t ra ined in accordance with the defense plans adopted by the Phi l ip pine Government*

After the Commanding General, United Sta tes Army Forces in the Far Eas t , l e f t the Phil ippines for Australia on 12 March 1942, a new command, United S ta tes Forces in the Philippines (USFIP), was set up on 21 March 1942. The Commanding General, USFIP, was technical ly subordinate to the Commanding General, USAFHS, but was ordered to communicate d i rec t ly with the War Department on a l l matters re la t ing to the Phi l ippines . With the establishment on IB April 1942 of the Southwest Pacific Area (SWPA), an Al l ied command, of which the Commanding General, USAFEE, became commander in chief, USAEEE lapsed as an act ive command and was not re-establ ished u n t i l 26 February 1943.

The following record of events, therefore , encompasses both the ea r ly USAFEE in the Phil ippines (8 December 1941 - 21 Maroh 1942) and i t s successor command USFIP (21 March - 6 May 1942)*

UNITED STATES ARMY FORCES IN THE FAR EAST

United Sta tes Army Forces in the Far East was consti tuted by the War Department 26 July 1941, and act ivated on the same date (2J July Manila time) with headquarters in Manila. USAFEE was given command of the Phil ippine Department, the forces of the Government of the Philippines ca l l ed and ordered into the act ive service of the armed forces of the United S t a t e s , and such other forces as might be assigned to ijt. USAFEE was given the mission of defense of the Philippines as defined in war plan ORANGE 3 and l a t e r as defined in war plan RAINBOW 5.

Upon the outbreak of war with Japan, the major components of were the Phil ippine Department (operating as a service command), North

Luzon Force, South Luzon Force, Visayan-Mir>danao Force, Philippine Coast Arti l lery Command, and the Far East Air Force, The North Luzon Force, South Luzon Force, Visayan-Mindanao Force, and Philippine Coast Arti l lery Command were tact ical and training commands direct ly subordinate to USAFFE. Units not assigned to these forces were placed in USAFFE Reserve. (Individual records of events for these forces follow th i s record; see also command charts*)

8 Dec lq - 10 Dec lq

Enemy bombed Clark Pld, Nichols Fid, Nielson Fid, Cp Murphy, and Cavite on Luzon. Captured Bataan I s l in Luzon Strai t .

10 DBC lq - 20 Dec lq

Enemy landed at Aparri, NE t ip of Luzon, and at Pandan near Vigan on NW coast of Luzon 10 Dec. Enemy landed at Legaspi, on Bicol peninsula, 12 16c, and at Davao, Mindanao, 20 Dsc.

22 Dec I4I

Task Force South Pacif ic , which was redesig USFIA upon arr in Australia, was placed under nominal contl of USAFFE. (See R/E for USASOS-AFWESPAC.)

22 DBC I4I - 2k Dsc lil

Enemy made landings in Lingayen Gulf area 22 Itec and in Lamon Bay area and on Jolo I s l Dsc 2lu

23 Dec lq Hq USAFFE placed war plan ORANGE 3 (WO-3) in e f f ec t . This plan called for withdrawal of a l l forces on Luzon into Bataan and establishment of def l ine there.

2k DBC lq

Bataan Defense Force established by USAFFE with mission t o org and def Bataan peninsula. (See R/E for Bataan Defense Force.) i+th Regt, USMC, placed under opnl contl of USAFFE and atchd by USAFFE to Philippine Coast Arti l lery Command (PGAC).

25 Dec lq

Hq FEAF dep Philippines for Darwin, Aus; remained nominally under USAFFE contl.

Bataan Ech Hq tJSAFFE opened Signal Hill Road; Adv Hq USAFFE opened Corregidor.

26 Dec kl

Oomdr 16th Naval Diet placed himself and a l l naval elms in Philippines under opnl oontl of USAFSE, in accordance vith principle of unity of comd.

1 Jan k-2

Rear Ech Eq USAFFE dep Manila on freighter Iton Isidro for Corregidor.

All units of SLF having withdrawn into Bataan, Hq SLF ceased to exist as a comd* (See R/E for South Luzon Force.)

6 Jan 42

Upon withdrawal of NLF and SLF into Bataan, the two fbrces and BDF were formally discontinued. Concurrently, I and II Philippine Corps were act, with Hq NLF being redesig (in effect) Hq I Philippine Corps. CGs of KLF and BHF assumed comd of I and I I Philippine Corps, respectively. Corps were directed by Hq USAFFE to def Bataan peninsula, exclusive of Sv Comd Area, and prevent any hostile invasion S of gen line Mabatang -Mt Natib. Responsibility for def of S t ip of Bataan was asgd by Hq USAFFE to Philippine Dept Sv Comd, i t s area being defined as that part of Bataan S of Mariveles Mts, the line Mamala River - Paysawan forming N boundary of area. (See R/Es for I and II Philippine Corps.)

13 Jan k2

A supreme Allied oomd established over Southwest Pacific Area* This comd, f irs t Allied comd of the war, wasfcnown as ABDA (named for American, British, Dutch, and Australian forces involved). Mission was to hold Malay Barrier against advancing Japanese, re-establish communications through Netherlands Indies with Luzon, and support Philippine garrison. The comd, which included the Philippines, Netherlands Indies, Malaya, and Burma, functioned through 25 Feb, but exercised no contl over USAFH5 opns in Philippines.

26 Jan k2

I and II Philippine Corps withdrew S to rear battle position along Bagac - Orion l ine . Responsibility for def of Sv Comd Area transferred by Hq

USAFFE to corps, with def of W sector asgd to I Philippine Corps, and def of E sector to I I Philippine Corps. Combat trps asgd to E and W sectors were reasgd to II and I Philippine Corps, respectively. Sv trps and supply inst ls continued to function under comd CG Philippine Dept.

k Feb k2

Trps on Panay and Mindoro were placed under direct comd of Hq USAFEE and reld fr contl of Visayan-Mindanao Force. (See R/E for Visayan-Mindanao Force.)

2 Mar hZ - h Mar hZ

Enemy lands d a t Zamboanga, SW Mindanao, 2 Mar.

Hq USAFFE divided Visayan-Mindanao Force in to Visayan Force and Minanao Force h Mar#

11 Mar i|2 CG USAFFS, in preparing to leave for Australia, established Luzon Force as an over-all comd for def of Bataan and asgd i t to Hq USAFFE. Principal comds asgd to Luzon were I Philippine Corps, I I Philippine Corps, and Luzon Force Sv Comd. Most of the units previously under contl of Philippine Dept ware transferred to Luzon Sv Comd. Luzon Force Sv Corad in effect replaced Philippine Dept. Hq Philippine Dept was retained but had only a nominal existence.Force.)

(See R/E for Luzon

12 Mar \&

CG USAFFE and selected members of USAFFE staff dep Corregidor by PT boats; arr Ltel Monte, Mindanao, 13 Mar. Gp l e f t Itel Monte a i r f ie ld 17 Mar; arr Darwin, Aus, same day.

Upon dep fr Corregidor, CG USAFFE established Adv Ech USAFFE at Ft Mills (Corregidor) and desig ACofS, G - U, USAFFE, as his DCofS for the Philippines. The comds in the Philippines (Luzon Force, e tc . ) were to be responsible through DCofS for Philippines to CG USAFFE In Australia. (For the subsequent history of USAFFE see R/E for USAFFS.)

18 Mar hZ

War Dept radio dispatch to Gen lAjairrwright, then CG Luzon Force, directed him to assum comd of a l l forces in Philippines upon ctep of Gen MacArthur fr Philippines. (The War D9partment was uninformed a t the time of command changss effected by CG USAFFE on 11 March.)

UNITED STATES FORGES IN THE PHILIPPINES

21 Mar hZ - 22 Mar hZ

CG USAFFE informed War Dspt of comd structure he had established. War Dept informed CG USAFFE that Gen Wainwright, CG Luzon Force, was being placed in comd of forces in Philippines (USFIP). CG USFIP was informed he was s t i l l technically subordinate to CG USAFFE (CINCSWPA), but tha t in view of mil si tuation CG USFIP was to communicate direct ly with War Ifept on a l l matters relat ing to Philippines. CG USFIP announced his assumption of comd 21 Mar l&9

8

9 Apr h2

CG Luzon Fore surrendered the forces on Bataan to the Japanese Com!.

6 May k2

Gen Wainwright signed a surrender document covering al l forces In the Philippines* Although forces on Corregidor were surrendered 6 May,actual surrender of a l l comds throughout the Philippines vae not completed until 9 Jun*

COMMANDER

USAFEE

Lt Gen Douglas MacArthur 7 Dec kl

Gen Douglas MacArthur (promotion) 19 Deo kl

USTIP

Lt Gen Jonathan M Wainwright 21 Mar k

10

ASSIGNED TO; p^EE

USAffEE

War Department 7 Deo kl

USFIP

War Department 21 Mar 42

ATTACHED TO: DUE

USAJffE

ABM Command

15 J a n 42 - 25 Feb 42

USFIP

GHQ SWPA Ifi Apr 42 - 6 May 4 ^

* Wails t h e da te o f t h e s u r r e n d e r (6 May 19^2) has been used her a s t h e t e r m i n a t i o n da te f o r t h e a t tachment o f USFIP t o GBQ SWPA, i t i s possible that General MacArthur regarded USFIP as s t i l l attached to GHQ SWPA after this date, since on 26 February 19^3 when announcing the re-eetabliehiaent of USAFFEI as his administrative command he included USFIP as an elenent of USAFFEo

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NORTH LUZON FORGE (NLF) North Luzon Force was establ ished k November 19111 as a training

and tactical, command direct ly subordinate t o USAFFE. The mission of NLF was t o ctefend the north Luzon area and t o pre-73nt hos t i l e landings t t ere in , with particular attention t o the Lingayen Gulf area, the Zauibales coast, Bataan peninsula, Cagayan Valley, and the Baler Bay and Dingalan Bay areas. I f landings were made, NLF was t o destroy the landing force and to protect a i r f i e l d s in the area t o the extent possible consistent with the execution of other more important combat missions. Headquarters was located at Fort Stotsenburg, Luzon. Major elements available t o NLF during a l l or part of i t s period of a c t i v i t y were the 11th, 21st , 31st , 71st ( - ) , and 91st ( - ) Divis ions , Philippine Array.

Ik DBC lq

31st Div, Philippine Army, with atchd trps, reld fr asgnmt to NLF; concurrently CG NLF reld of responsibility by Hq USAFFE for sector asgd div.

15 D9C lq

NLF CP closed Ft Stotsenburg; opened Baraban.

16 Dsc lq

USAFFS chang3d NLF mission fr def of a l l of N Luzon t o that of holding enemy N of E - W l ine through San Fernando (La Union).

18 Dec lq

NLF CP closed Bamban; opened Acala.

2k DBC lq - 30 Dec lq

NLF e!hns fought delaying act ions; withdrew t o l ine Bamban - Aragat.

2f> tec lq CP moved t o Bamban.

29 Dec lq CP moved to Bacalor.

31 Dec lg

USAFFE ordered NLF t o cover withdrawal of South Luzon Force fr atk fr N unt i l SLF had cleared Calumpit Bridge over Pampanga River.

2 Jan 1+2 - 6 Jan k2

HEF completed withdrawal to Guagua - Porac position prior to daylight 2 Jan. During period 3 - 6 Jan, Force withdrew from Gaugua -

Porac position to def position in W sector of Bataan. As JHF trps moved into Bataan they passed to contl of Bataan Def Force. Hq HIZ discontinued 6 Jan.

CCMMAHDER

Maj Gen Jonathan M Wainwright

SOUTH LUZON FORCE (SLF)

South Luzon Force vae formally establishd 4 November 1941 as a training and tactical command directly subordinate to U3AFEE. The mission of SLF was to prevent landings in the SLF area, especially in the areas of Naeugbu, Balayan Bay, Batangas Bay, and Tayabas Bay* The command post vas established at Fort William McKinley. Major elements available to SLF during all or part of its period of activity were the 1st (-), last, 51st, 71st (-), and 91st (-) Divisions, Philippine Army, and the 1st Brigade, Philippine Constabulary*

9 Dec 41

Flight of Philippine Army Air Corps rcn planes atohd SLF for daily search for Invasion forces*

14 Dec in

CP closed Ft McKinley; opened Binan*

17 Dec 41

Det SLF made contact with enemy vie Ragay* Foroe comdr directed elms to move S into Bicol peninsula to delay enemy adv.

20 Dec 41

SLF established arty emplacements at Nasugbu, and at Balayan, Tayabas, and Batangae Bays*

23 Dec 41

CG SLF ordered trps in Biool peninsula to withdraw JI of l ine Padre Burgos - Altimpnan *

24 Dec 41

Hq USAFEE ordered all Luzon units to withdraw into Bataan and CG SLF to proceed to Batan to establish Bataan Def Force* SLF CP moved to Santo Tomas, Batangas*

25 Dec 4 1 - 2 Jan 42

Fighting delaying actions along routes of withdrawal, SLF moved to Bataan* As elms of SLF entered Bataan area, they passed to contl of Bataan Def Force*

16

25 Dec 4l - 2 Jan 42 (Contd) 25 Dec 41 Fwd CP established at Sariaya.

26 Dec 4 l Fvd CP moved to Candelaria,

27 Dec 41 Fvd CP at Candelarla closed; main CP opened Binan,

2

BATAAN IEIENSE FORCE (BDF)

Bataan Defense Force was established 2k December 19lp. with the mission of organizing and defending the Bataan peninsula. The Bataan area had previously been the command responsibility of the Commanding General, Philippine Division, and th is division now became subordinate to Headquarters, Bataan Itefense Force. The command post of Bataan Defense Force was established at Abucay, Bataan

2k Dec kl - 1 Jan k2

As elms of North and South Luzon Forces entered Bataan area, they passed to contl of CG BDF and were aegd to E and W sectors to prepare def positions, or sent into bivouac to reorg. Major unite available to BDF during all or part of its period of activity were 1st Regular, 11th, 21st, 51st, last, 51st, 71et (-), and 91st (-) Diva, Philippine Army, and 31st Inf, U.S.

6 Jan kZ

Following withdrawal of forces fr Luzon into Bataan peninsula, BDF was discontinued*

COMMANDER

MaJ Gen George M Parker

I PHILIPPINE COKFS

The I Philippine Corps was constituted "by Headquarters, USA3PEE, on 6 January 19^2. Concurrently, the North Luzon Force was discontinued. (See the record of events for NLF, SLF, and BDF.) The former commander of the North Luzon Force was designated commanding general of the I Philippine Corps. On the same date, a Headquarters and Headquarters Detachment of the corps was activated, and personnel formerly on duty with Headquarters, North Luzon Force, were transferred to i t . The I Philippine Corps was assigned responsibility for the organization and defense of the east sector of Bataan, and directed to occupy at once the main battle position and to prevent any hostile landing within i t s sector. Major elements available to the corps during -*n or part of i t s period of activity included the 1st Regular, 11th, 31st, 71st ( - ) , and 91st (-) Divisions, Philippine Army. The ini t ia l command post of the corps was located about 200 yards east of the West Bataan Road, Just south of the Saysain River.

20 Jan k2 - 26 Jan 42

Following enemy infiltration of main line of resistance I Philippine Corps ordered by USAJFEE to withdraw to rear battle position by 26 Jan Def of W sector, Sv Gomd Area (SW Bataan), asgd I Philippine Corps.

pO Jan k2 - 2 Feb k2

Enemy attempts to reinf landings on SVf Bataan repulsed.

11 Mar_ k2

I Philippine Corps became a subordinate comd of Luzon Force.

8 Ayr 4 2 - 9 Apr k-2

Luzon Force ordered I and II Philippine Corps to withdraw to positions along Binauangan River. Luzon Force surrendered a l l trps on Bataan 9 Apr.

10 Apr k2

I Philippine Corps formally surrendered.

19

COMMANIER

MaJ Gen Jonathan M Walnwrlgirt 6 Jan k2

B r i g Gen A l b e r t M Jones 11 Mar h2

MaJ Gen Albert M Jones (promotion) 13 Mar 42

20

II PHILIPPINE CORPS

The I I Philippine Corps was constituted by Headquarters, USAFEE, on 6 January 19^2. Concurrently, the Bataan Defense Force was discontinued, (See the record of events for EDF, NLF, and SLF.) The former commander of the Bataan Defense Force was designated commanding general of the I I Philippine Corps. On the same date, a Headquarters and a Headquarters Detachment of the corps was activated, and personnel formerly on duty with Headquarters, Bataan Defense Force, were transferred to i t . The I I Philippine Corps was assigned responsibility for the organization and defense of the west sector of Bataan, and was directed to occupy at once the main battle position and to prevent any hostile landing within i t s sector. Major elements available to the corps during a l l or part of i t s period of activity included the 2d Regular (-), 11th, 21st, 31st, klBt, and 51st Divisions, Philippine Army, and the 31st Infantry, U.S. The in i t ia l command post of the corps was located at a point on the t r a i l a l i t t l e more than two miles west of Limay, Bataan.

9 Jan 4 2 - 2 6 Jan k2

Hq USAFEE ordered withdrawal of corps to rear battle position. Withdrawal completed 26 Jan. Corps asgd def responsibility for SE Bataan.

11 Mar k2

I I Philippine Corps became subordinate comd of Luzon Force.

9 Apr k2

CG Luzon Force ordered II Philippine Corps to destroy a l l mil equipment. II Philippine Corps surrendered.

COMMAHDER

MaJ Gen George M Parker

21

VISAYAN-MHJDANAO FORGE (VMF)

The Visayan-Mindano Force was formally established k Ifovember 19Ul as a training and tactical command directly subordinate to USAFFE. It was charged with the defense of the area south of the gsneral line Dongon Point, Mindoro - Bongabong, Mindoro - Tico Island - Maranjo Island - Capul Island (all inclusive) - San Bernardino Island (exclusive), less Palawan Island. Included in the VMF area were the islands of Panay, Negros, Cebu, Bohol, Leyte, Samar, and Mindanao. Major units available to the Visayan-Mindanao Force during all or part of its period of activity were the 6lst, 8lst, 101st, and 102d Divisions, Philippine Army; 5th Air Base Group; and 19th Bomber Group. (Although the 71st and 91st Divisions, Philippine Army, were inducted into USAFFE by Visaya.n-Minda.nao Force, they were transferred to North Luzon Force. However, the third regiment of both divisions (73d and 93d Infantry), which were mobilized last and remained behind, were attached to the VMF and its successor commands.) The command post was established in Cebu City, Cebu.

13 Dec kl - 2k Dec kl

Following bombing of Cebu 13 Dec and lymd-fng of enemy at Davao, Mindanao, 20 Dec, CG USAFFE on 2k Dec directed Eq "VMF (in the event communications with USAKPE were severed) to continue resistance opns to the end, by guerilla methods if necessary.

31 Dec kl

Hq. USAFFE directed Hq VMF to strengthen Mindanao garrison with trps fr Visayas. Mvmt of trps began 1 Jan. VMF given mission of Improvement, expansion, and def of air instle on Mindanao. Comd of Air Corps elms vested in Hq VMF.

1 Jan 42

Mindanao reorg into 5 def sectors and a communications zone. 600 Air Corps men arr Mindanao and atchd VMF as inf.

3 Jan k2

CP VMF opened Del Monte, Mindanao.

k Feb k2

Forces on Panay and Mindoro Isls reld fr comd of Hq. "VMF and placed directly under Hq USAFFE.

22

2 Mar U2

Enemy landed Zamboanga.

k Mar U2

Visayan-Mindanao Force divided by Hq USAFFE into two forces, Visayan Force and Mindanao Force, each directly responsible to Hq USAFFS. Hq discontinued.

16 Apr U2

Visayan-Mindanao Force re-established by USFIP. Visayan and Mindanao Forces terminated, and trps formerly asgd to them reasgd to Hq VMF. CP established Dal Monte, Mindanao. Elms of VMF enga@3d in def opns against enemy at H o l l o , and Capiz on Panay, on Cebu, and at Zamboanga and Digos on Mindanao.

3 May hZ

CP moved fr Del Monte to Daririg, Mindanao.

6 May 1+2

CG USFIP released VMF fr USFIP contl to contl of CINCSWPA.

7 May hZ

CG USFIP requested CG VMF to surrender to enemy. GHQ SWPA directed CG VMF not to accept orders fr CG USFIP.

8 May 1;2

CP moved to Impasugong, Mindanao.

10 May U2

CG VMF pledged surren

VISAYAN FORCE

The Visayan Force was established k March 1942 by USAF1E, which separated the Visayan-Mindanao Force into two forces. Headquarters was established on Panay. The command included the areas of and troops on the islands of Cebu, Samar, Leyte, Negros, Bohol, Panay, and Palawan, and the general mission of VF was the defense of these islands. The force was directly responsible to Headquarters, USAFFE, Major units available to VF during all or part of its period of activity were the 6lst Division, Philippine Army (- 6lst and 62d Infantry); the 74th and 75 Infantry (Provisional), and the 71st Division, Philippine Army; and the 82d and 83d Infantry, 8lst Division, Philippine Army. About the middle of March the command post moved from Panay to Cebu.

21 Mar k2

Comd of VF passed fr USAFFE to USFIP.

16 Apr k2

USFIP terminated YF and atchd 7F troops to reconstituted VMF.

COMMAKCER DA!TE

Brig Gen Bradford H Chynoweth k Mar k2

MHQAHAO FORCE (MF)

The Mindanao Force was es tabl ished k March 19^2 by USAFFE which separated the Visayan-Mindanao Force into two forces . The Command post was located a t Del Monte, Mindanao. The command included the is land of Mindanao and troops thereon. The general mission was the defense of Mindanao. MF was d i rec t ly responsible to Headquarters, X3SAFEE. Major un i t s avai lable to MF during a l l or par t of i t s period of a c t i v i t y were the 6 l s t and 62d Infantry, 6 l s t Division, Philippine Army; 73d Infantry , 71st Division, Phil ippine Army; 8 l s t Division, (-)82d and 83d Infantry , Phil ippine Army; 93

LUZON FORCE (LP)

The Luzon Force was established 11 March 19^2 by Commanding General, USAFFE, as an over-all command for the I and II Philippine Corps on Bataan, LF was assigned directly to Headquarters, USAFFE, and charged with the defense of the Bataan peninsula. The principal elms assigned to Luzon were I Philippine Corps, II Philippine Corps, and most of the units of the Philippine Department which were reorganized into the LF Service Command.

12 Mar k2

CP established S Bataan, near Little Bagulo.

21 Mar k2

LF became subordinate comd of USFIP.

9 Apr k2

CG- LF surrendered all forces on Bataan.

COMMAND

Maj Gen Jonathan M Wainwright

Maj Gen Edward P King

26

PHILIPPINE DEPARTMENT

Before the establishment of Ifeadquarters, USAFFS, 27 July Headquarters, Philippino Itepartment, had been the highest Army Command in the Philippine a rea . Upon the outbreak of war with Japan i t was given responsibility for the supply of a l l un i t s of the Phil ippine Army as well as the U.S. Array uni t s in the Phi l ippines. Ifeadquarters remained a t Manila. Commanding (feneral, USAFFE, was a l so Commanding General, Philippine Itepartment.

25 Dsc I4I

Hq Phil ippine Ifepart^ient moved to Ft Mi l l s , Corregidor, and directed evacuation of supplies t o Bataan.

30 Dec I4I

Hq Philippine Dspt moved to Bataan.

6 Jan hZ

With reorg of Bataan defs, Philippine Dept was given mission of def of Bataan S of line Mamala River - Paysawan River. Area divided into E and W sectors and combat units asgd were 2d Div (-), 71st Div (-), and Air Corps, Philippine Army; and 2l*th Pursuit Gp.

26 Jan 1|2 Responsibi l i ty for def of Philippine Dept area t ransferred to I and I I Phil ippine Corps; combat t r p s t ransferred t o contl of I and I I Ph i l ip pine Corps. Philippine Efept continued mission of supply and admin under Hq USAFFE.

11 Mar h2

Luzon Force Sv Comd const i tuted as one of pr incipal elms of Luzon Force ( a l so es tabl i shed t h i s da te ) . All sv comd t r p s and organs on Luzon, including Hq Co Philippine Dept asgd t o LF Sv Comd. Headquarters Phil ippine Dept was continued and consisted of Pers Div, AG Sec; JAG Sec; Finance Sec; Med Sec; and CW Sec. All other orgns asgd or atchd t o P h i l i p p i c Dept were t ransferred t o LF Sv Comd* Hq Philippine Dept moved t o Ft M i l l s , Corregidor. Hq LF Sv Corad remained on Bataan. LF Sv Comd i n e f fec t replaced Philippine Dspt; Hq Philippine Dept retained only nominal ex is tence .

27

6 May k2

Hq Philippine Dept surrendered.

COMMAItDBR

Lt Gen Douglas MacArthur 7

Gen Douglas MacArthur (promotion) 19 Dec kl

Lt Gen Jonathan M Wainwright 21 Mar k2

PHILIPPINE COAST ARTILLERY COMMAND (PCAC)

The Philippine Coast Artillery Command was established in August 1941 by USAME as a training and tactical command directly subordinate to USAFEE. The mission of PCAC was the coastal defense of Manila and Subic Bays, and antiaircraft defense of the Philippine archipelago. PCAC was also charged with the training of Philippine Army Coast Artillery troops. Headquarters, PCAC, was established at Manila, The principal component of PCAC was Harbor Defenses of Manila and Subic Bays, Major units available to PCAC during all or part of its period of activity were the 1st and 2d Coast Artillery Regiments, Philippine Army; 4th Marine Regiment, USMC; 59th and 60th Coast Artillery (AA.) Regiment; 91st and 92d Coast Artillery Regiments, Philippine Scouts and 200th Coast Artillery (AA); and 515th Coast Artillery (AA.) Regiment. Major tactical organizations of PCAC were Subic Bay Defenses, Seaward Defense Command, and the /antiaircraft Command. The following fortified islands comprised PCAC coastal defenses? Corregidor Island (Fort Mills), Caballo Island (Fort Hughes), El Fraile Island (Fort Drum), Carabao Island Fort Frank) all in Manila Bay; and Grande Island (Fort Wint) in Subic Bay.

8 Dec 41

Elms PCAC moved to Manila to provide AA protection and to Bataan to establish beach def at Bagac.

24 Dec 41 25 Dec 41

Ft Wint evacuated.

Hq PCAC moved fr Manila to Ft Mills, Corregidor, 24 Dec.

6 May 42

CG USFIP surrendered all trps on Corregidor.

COMMANDER

Brig Gen George F Moore

Maj Gen George F Moore (promotion)

29

PHILIPPINE DIVISION

The Ph i l ipp i c Division, the principal U.S. Army ground unit in the Philippines (activated 8 June 1910- at Fort McKinley), at the outbreak of the war was in USAFFB reserve with the mission of preparing plans for the support of the North Luzon or South Luzon Force. Philippine Division regiments were the k5th Infantry, Philippine Scouts, and the U.S. 31st Infantry

10 DBC lil

CG Philippine Div instructed lay Hq USAFFE t o prepare def positions at Bamban - Arayat and i f necessary cover withdrawal of NLF#

11 Dec I4I

Philippine Div given mission by USAFFE of organizing defs of Bataan. Div CP established Ebrmosa, Bataan; Rear Ech established Limay, Bataan.

Ik DBC I4I

Div Hq established GP at Abucay.

20 DBC ip.

Div elms prepared to cover probable withdrawal of NLF into Bataan.

2k Itec Iq.

Philippine Div became subordinate comd of BDF.

25 Dec I4I

Div Hq moved to KP 137.5 on Pilar - Bagac Road,

30 Dec lq

Div elms prepared to cover withdrawal of SLF into Bataan.

31 Dec kl

Philippine Div given comd of E sector of Bataan.

30

5 Jan h2

Div Hq. (- Rear Ech) moved to Damalog Trail, 2 miles W of E Road.

6 Jan k2

00 Philippine Div reld of comd of E sector, Bataan. Div reverted to USAFFE Res.

15 Jan k2

Adv CP established near KP ikh, Pllar - Bagac Road.

16 Jan ^ 2

Adv CP moved to point on Maldica River about 2 kilometers N of Pilar Baftac Road*

23 Jan k-2

Philippine Div ordered to withdraw to Reserve Battle Line "by 26 Jan.

26 Jan k2

Hq, Philippine Div asgd to II Philippine Corps and placed in comd of Sub-Sector D of II Philippine Corps area.

Inf regts of Philippine Div det fr division during the time Hq. Philippine Div was In comd of Sub-Sector D (26 Jan - 7 Apr).

Hq. Philippine Div located at S end of Trail kk-A, SE Mt Saroat.

7 Apr h2

Hq. Ihilippine Div and Sub-Sector D elms asgd I Philippine Corps.

10 Apr te

Hq. Philippine Div surrendered.

COMMAMMR

B r i g Gen Maxon S Lough 7 Dec

31

SOURCES

A Partial List of the Types of Documents Used in the Preparation of this Section

1# General Orders 2, Letters and Radiograms

War DepartmentUSAFFEUSFIP

War Department USAFFE USFIP

Hiilippine Department

3. Field Orders k* Historical Data Cards, Office of The Adjutant

USAITE General USFIP

USAFFE Units USFIP Units

5* narrative Reports

Report of Operations of USAFFE and USFIP in the Hiilippine Islands,

Annual Report of the United States High Commissioner to the Hiilippine Islands to the President and Congress of the United States

Annual Report of the Secretary of War to the President 193^ - 19*4-1

6. Histories, Department of the Army

Morton, Louis The Fall of the Philippines, UNITED STA.TES A M IN WORLD WAR II (Washington, 1953).

Unofficial Unit Histories

Abaya, Hernando J. Betrayal in the Philippines (New York, 19^6).

Quezon, Manuel Luis, The Good Fight (New York,

Wainwright, Jonathan Mahew, General Wainwright!s Story (Garden City, New York, 46)

Hersey, John, Men on Bataan (New York, 19^3)

33

UNITED STATES AEMT FORCES IN THE FAR EAST (USAFFE)

When General McArthur left the Philippines on 12 March 19h2 he took the staff of USAFFE with him with the idea of continuing to exercise direct command over the U,,S. forces in the Philippines from Australia through that headquarters. However, with the establishment of Headquarters, United States Forces in the Philippines, and General Headquarters, Southwest Pacific Area (GHQ SWPA), USAFFE ceased to be an active command.

In order to relieve GHQ, SWPA and the U.S. Army Services of Supply of administrative responsibilities, Headquarters, USAFFE, was reestablished 26 February 19^3.

Effective 10 June 19U5, all units of USAFFE, except its headquarters, and all elements of the Philippine Army called into the service of the armed forces of the United States were assigned to United States Army Forces Pacific. Headquarters, USAFFE, was attached to General Headquarters, AFPAC. Components and subordinate commands of USAFFE were relieved from assignment to USAFFE and variously assigned to AFPAC or other high commands. With this action, Headquarters, USAFFE, became inactive and possessed only a nominal status, sufficient to permit it to validate certain legal commitments in the Philippines for which the Commanding General, USAFFE, was responsible.

26 Feb U3

USAFFE re-established with hq at Brisbance, Aus. All units of U.S. Army in SWPA and all elms of Philippine Army called into service of U.S. forces asgd to USAFFE. Comd included: (l) Hq USAFFE; (2) Special Trps, USAFFE; (3) Sixth Army; (h) Fifth Air Force; () U.S. Army Services of Supply, SWPA; and (6) U.S. Forces in the Philippines. */

Staff Hq consisted of gen and special sees, with addition of Purchasing Sec, functioning under a Gen Purchasing Agent.

The CofS, DCofS, AA Officer, Chief Engr, and Chief Sig Officer functioned

in dual capacity.

All activities and functions pertaining to U.S. Army in SWPA were to be directed and controlled by Hq USAFFE with following exceptions:

* Surrendered to the Japanese 6 May 19U2,

GHQ SWPA would continue to direct and contl combat employment of U.S. Army units. Assignment of such combat units, with requisite complement of sv units, to opnl contl of Allied land, air, or naval forces, special task forces, or GHQ Res would not affect the administrative responsibility of Hq USAFFE for units so asgd except when, and to the extent, specified by GHQ SWPA.

GHQ SWPA would direct and contl: mil intel (except counterintel activities specifically delegated to Hq USAFFE); policies governing relations with Allied forces, Allied governments, and governmental agencies; increases in forces and means (requests to the War Dept for additional major combat or major sv units as required for inter-Allied opns to originate with, or be submitted to, GHQ SWPA for approval); and gen establishment of priorities for strategical and tac opns with respect to shipment of supplies, troop units, and repls; asgmt of repls; and geographical distribution of supplies, and supply levels.

26 Apr U3

GHQ SWPA policy concerning tng as announced by USAFFE provided that GHQ SWPA would plan and issue directives for joint or combined tng, and for special tng mission for contemplated opns. Hq USAFFE would prepare and issue such special tng directives required for tech tng of units of arms and svs, and for necessary tng of all units in certain tech matters. Hq USAFFE was not to issue gen directives covering tng.

27 Sep U3

Offices of Chief Cml Officer, Chief Engr, Chief Ord Officer, Chief QM, Chief Sig Officer, Chief Surgson # / and Chief of Trans a l l USAFFE ceased to operate. Records were Turned over to corresponding sees of Hq USASOS. Matters formerly handled by USAFFE special staff sees were thereafter referred to appropriate gen staff sees of USAFFE.

29 Sep kh

Adv Ech Hq USAFFE established Base G (Hollandia, N.G. ) and moved to Tacloban, Leyte, 29 Nov lUu

*Chief Surgson USASOS was appointed Chief SurgBon USAFFE 17 January 19U*; he served in dual capacity as Chief Surgson USAFFE and USASOS until 10 June 19h5, then served in dual capacity as Chief Surgeon AFPAC and AFWESPAC.

35

25 Nov hh Hq USAFFE closed Brisbane, Aus; opened. Rear Ech Hq USAFFE opened Brisbane

15 Dec hh

Hq and Hq Co USAF NORSOLS and Hq and Hq Cos Sv Comds at Bougainville, Emirau, Green, and Hew Georgia Isls asgd to USAFFE. (For the history of these comds see USAFISPA R/E.)

it Feb h$ Hq USAFFE closed Base G (Hollandia); opened Base K (Tacloban). Concurrently, Rear Exh Hq USAFFS opened in USAFFE area Base G (Hollandia).

7 Mar U5

Adv Hq USAFFE moved to Manila.

15 Mar U5

Office, Chief Provost Marshal, Hq USAFFE, discontinued. Concurrently MP Comd USAFFE established and asgd to USAFFE. Commander of MP Comd was also Provost Marshal General, USAFFE,

6 Apr h$ GHQ AFPAC established with sta at Manila. Comd consisted of those forces asgd USAFFE and those asgd USAFPQA. USAFPAC did not begin to function until 10 Jun U5.

21 Apr h$ Recovered Pars Sec, USAFFE, established special staff sec of USAFFE. Prior to this it functioned as a special subsec of G-l USAFFE.

May U5

Hq USAFFS opened Manila, P.I.

10 Jun U5

USAFFE became inactive. All units of USAFFE (except Hq USAFBE) and all elms of Philippine Army called into sv of armed forces of U.S. asgd to AFPAC. Hq USAFFE atchd GHQ AFPAC. A staff for residual Hq USAFFE consisted of CofS, DCofS, and AG, all serving in dual capacity for AFPAC and USAFFE. The other staff sees of USAFFE were disbanded.

36

10 Jun kj (Contd).

Major ccands transferred fr USAFFB to AFPAC included AFWESPAC, Sixth and eighth Armies, and EEAF.

Major comds trensfd fr USAPT'E to AFWESPAC were l^th AA Comd; MP Comd E, and Pepl Comd USAFKE.

37

COMMANDER

General Douglas MacArthur 26 Fe"b

General of the Army Douglas MacArthur (promotion) 18 Dec

38

ASSIGNED TO:

War Department 26

DATE) Feb

ATTACHED TO;

GHQ SHPA

GHQ AFPAC (Hq. USAFFE only)

26

10

Fe"b

Jun

J

DATE!

10 Jun

Aug

39

o

O o

MILITARY POLICE COMMAND

The mission of the Military Police Command AFWESPAC, was to maintain law and order by enforcing military orders and regulations and civil laws; to control entrance to and egress from the Philippine Islands of all persons, forms of transportation, and imports and exports, except those belonging to military and naval forces, until the Government of the Philippines assumed control. #/

15 Mar hS

MP Comd USAFFE established with sta at Manila and asgd USAFFE,

10 Jun h$

MP Comd USAFFE reld asgmt USAFFE; redesig MP Camd AFWESPAC; asgd AFWESPAC* placed under opnl contl GHQ AFPAC.

1 Aug US

MP Comd AFWESPAC reld fr opnl contl GHQ AFPAC.

COMMANDER

Maj Gen William C Dunckel

Maj Gen James A Lester

* The Organization of the Military Police Command under the Provost Marshal consisted of the U.S. Army Section and the Philippine Army Section. The U.S. Army Section, operating under an African Deputy Provost Marshal General, acted in an advisory capacity to the Philippine Army Section, which functioned under the Filipino Deputy Provost Marshal General. The Provincial Provost Marshals, American and Filipino, were responsible for maintaining order in the forty-nine provinces of the Philippine Islands.

IUTH ANTIAIRCRAFT COMMAND

The mission entrusted to lUth Antiaircraft Command made it responsible for training, technical supply, and availability of units. Antiaircraft requirements for specific operations were determined at GHQ, llith Antiaircraft Command was charged with requisite supply of each type of unit. Responsibility for training and technical supply remained with the command even after units were committed to task forces.

15 Nov U3 AA Comd act with sta at Brisbane, Aus, and asgd USAFFE.

3 Jul hk

lUth AA Comd closed Brisbane; opened Finschhafen, N.G.

Rear Ech lUth AA Comd remained Brisbane,

17 Mar U5 Intermediate Ech, lUth AA Comd, closed Milne Bay, N.G. (Date of opening at Milne Bay unknown.)

10 Jun h$ lUth AA Comd reld asgmt USAFFE, asgd AFWESPAC,

26 Jan h$ lUth AA Comd closed Finschhafen; opened Manila, Luzon, P.I. Rear Sch lUth AA Comd closed Brisbane; opened Finschhafen. lUth AA Comd on Luzon fr 27 Jun U$ to \$ Aug h$.

COMMANDER

Brig Gen William F Marquat 15 Nov i+3

Maj Gen William F Marquat (promotion) 1 Nov hk

h3

SOURCES

A Partial List of the types of Documents Used in the Preparation of this Section

1. General Orders 2. Staff Memorandums

USAFFE USAFFE AFPAC AFPAC AFWESPAC

3. Narrative Reports

History of USAFFE, 19^3 - ^ 5. Report of Operations of USAFFE-USFIP 19^1

Histories, Department of the Army

Morton, Louis, Fall of the Philippines, UNITED STATES ARMI IN WORLD WAR II (Washington, 1953).

UNITED STATES ARM! SERVICES OF SUPPIX, SOUTHWEST PACIFIC

AREA (USASOS, SWPA), AMD PREDECESSOR AMD SUCCESSOR COMMANDS

Task Force South Pacific

United States Forces in Australia (USFIA)

United States Army Forces in Australia (USAFIA)

United States Army, Services of Supply, Southvest Pacific Area

United States Army Forces, Western Pacific (AFWESPAC)

American troops aboard a convoy destined for the Philippines were constituted a task force on 12 December 19^1- The task force vas known as Task Force South Pacific (TFSP) and MaJ. Gen. Julian F. Barnes, the senior officer present, assumed command. On 13 December 19^1, General Barnes was directed to proceed to Australia and upon debarkation to assume command of all American troops in Australia and to place his forces under the commanding general of USAFFE.

When the convoy docked at Brisbane, Australia, on 22 December TFSP became at that point U.S. Forces in Australia (USFIA) with the primary mission of preparing the convoy for movement to the Philippines and taking such steps as were necessary to aid the Philippines.

USFIA was redesignated U.S. Army Forces in Australia (USAFIA) on 5 January 19^2 USAFIA was at first primarily an air service of supply for American air units operating in northwest Australia and in the Netherlands Indies. When GHQ SWPA was established on 18 April 19^2, USAFIA was assigned to it and its mission became supply, evacuation, hospitalization, transportation, and construction for all of the U.S. troops in Australia. On 8 May 19^ -2, USAFIA1 s mission was amended to include construction in New Guinea and the Netherlands Indies and responsibility for the provision of many administrative services for all U.S. troops in SWPA.

USAFIA was discontinued on 20 July 19^2 and United States Army Services of Supply, Southwest Pacific Area (USASOS, SWPA), was created on the same date. Its mission was substantially the same as that of USAFIA. With the establishment of Headquarters, USAFFE, on 26 February 19^3, USASOS became a major subordinate command of USAFFE and dropped its administrative role for all U.S. forces in SWPA, with the exception of the administration of its own personnel and units.

USASOS was discontinued on 7 June 19^5 and U.S. Army Forces, Western Pacific (AFWESPAC), was established. The mission of AFWESPAC was to provide and operate the administrative and service facilities and establishments for the logistical support of designated forces in the western Pacific.

For variations In the general and special staffs in USASOS and its predecessor and successor commands during 12 Dscember 19Ul - 15> August

>, see staff charts 1 - 6 .

3 Jan k2

Adv Det Hq. UBFIA opened at Melbourne, Aus.

5 Jan k2

U8FIA redesig USAFIA. Base Sees 1, 2, 3, and k established. (See E/E for Base Sees 1, 2, 3> and k.) Opns Base No 1 established Soerabaja, Netherlands Indies, and asgd USAFIA.

3 Mar ^2

Base Sees 5 and 6 established. (See E/E Base for Sees 5 and 6.)

19 Apr h2

Base Sec 7 established. (See E/E for Base Sec 7.)

20 Jul k2

USAFIA discontinued and U.S. Army Services of Supply (USASOS) established. All pers and orgns of USAFIA transferred to USASOS.

11 AUR k2

U.S. Adv Base, N.G. established. (See'E/E for U.S. Adv Base, N.G.)

1 Sep k2

Hq. USASOS moved to Sydney, Aus.

5 Oct k2

Combined Operational Service Command (COSC) established and placed under opnl contl of Comdr, New Guinea Force (See E/E for U.S. Adv Base, N.G.)

20 Nov 1+2

Milne Bay Sub-Base e s t a b l i s h e d . (See R / E for Base A.)

20 Dec k2

Oro Bay Sub-base e s t a b l i s h e d . (See R / E for Base B)

1 6 Feb JU3

USASOS reld by Sixth Army of responsibility for admin contl of ground combat forces

26 Feb *J-3

Mission of USASOS reduced to supply only. Hq reorg. Gen Staff sees discontinued; Execs for Admin, and for Supply and Trans substituted for G - 1, G - 3 and G - U. Intel handled by Intel Officer. Chiefs of svs asgd to USASOS (Qnl, Engr, Ord, QM, Sig, Med, and Trans) transferred to USAFFS. (Returned USASOS 27 Sep.) (Gen Staff sees re-established 3 Sep.)

21 Apr hi

U.S. Adv Sub-Base C es tabl ished. (See R/E for Base.)

1 Jun 1+3

U.S. Adv Sub-Base D es tabl ished. (See R/E for Base D.) 1 Jun 1+3

All USASOS activities in New Guinea except those in Port Moresby placed under contl of Sixth Army and remained under Sixth Array contl for approximately two months

15 Jul 1+3

All SOS units, stationed in former Sub-Base C area, placed under comd of AMOEBA (Goodenough Isl) Force

15 Aug k3

Adv Sec (ADSEC) USASOS established. (See R/E for ADSEC.)

29 Aug 1+3

Hq USASOS closed Sydney; opened Brisbane, Aus.

19 Oct U3

USASOS instructed all "base sees to set up a Base Sv Coxnd, a Baee Port Comd, and a Base Area Comd in each "base sec hq.. Each "base sec was eventually org in thle inanner.

13 Nov J+3.

Intermediate Sec (INTEBSEC), USASOS , established. (See R/E for Ef TERSEC.)

15 Nov 1+3

Base E established. (See R/E for Base E).

Base F established. (See R/E for Base F.)

27 Dec k-3

Advance Services of Supply (ADSOS) established Port Moresby as fwd ech of USASOS.

1 Jan idi Procurement Div, USASOS established. (See R/E for Procurement Biv.)

11 Jan kh

USASOS Pioneer Task Force No. 1 established Base E, Lae. All USASOS pers units, and establishments under contl of CG ADSKC, less those in Base F and those atchd to Fifth Air Force in Base E, asgd to this task force. Base E transferred, in name only, to Base F.

20 Jan kh

3d Engr Special Brig asgd to USASOS.

1 Feb hk

Distribution Div, USASOS, established. (See R/E for Distribution Div.)

13 Feb kh

USASOS Pioneer Task Force No. 1 terminated. All USASOS pers units, orgns, and instls under USASOS Pioneer Task Force transferred to Base E,

15 Mar Uk

ADSOS at Port Moresby, N.G., closed.

28 Mar kh

USASOS Base G Comd established. (See E/S for Base G.)

1 Jun kk

Bass Sec (Australia) established. (See E/E for Australian Base Sec.)

23 Jul W

Arm/ Service Command (ASCOM) established. (See E/E for ASCOM.)

20 Aug kh

Base H established. (See E/E for Base H.)

8 Sep 1^

ADSOS opened Hollandia, N.G.

16 Sep kk

Base K established. (See E/E for Base K.)

^ Oct 1^

Base M (Prov) established. (See E/E for Base M.)

8 Oct kk

USASOS Gen Depot (Prov) established. (See E/E USASOS for Gen Depot.)

Nov kh

Eemainder of Hq. USASOS moved to Hollandia, N.G.

Jan k*>

ADSOS (II) established Tacloban, Leyte.

11 Jan k5

USASOS Boat Building Comd established. (See E/E for USASOS Boat Building Comd.)

(0/a) 2Q Jan k1?

Leyte Engr Comd established. (See R.E for Leyte Engr Dist.)

29 Jan hS

Luzon Engineer District (LUZED) established. (See R/E for LUZED.)

Base X established. (See H/E for Base X.)

13 Feb hS

Main body of Hq USASOS moved to Tacloban, Leyte. Rear Echelon USASOS (RESOS) remained behind. Base R established. (See R/E for Base R.)

Mar h$ ABSOS ( i n ) established Manila.

6 Mar h$ USASOS Engineer Construction Command (ENCCM) established. (See R/E for ENCCM.)

25 Mar h$ General Engineer District (GEKED) established. (See fi/E for GSNED.)

26 Mar 1*5

Base S established, (See R/E for Base S.) 5 Apr US

Base T established. (See R/E for Base T.)

8 Apr U5

RESOS joined ADSOS (III) in Manila. Hq USASOS officially opened 1U Apr h$. ^

11 Apr h$ Base Q established. (See R/E for Base Q.)

25 AprUS

Construction Corps of the Philippines (CONCOR) established. (See R/E for CONCOR.)

7 Jun U$ USASOS discontinued. Unites States Armor Forces, ^festern Pacific (AFWESPAC) established Manila, P.I . Al l units formerly asgd or atchd to USASOS transferred in the same status to AFWESPAC.

Army Service Command-0 (ASCOM-O) established. (See R/E for ASCCM-O.) 10 Jan U5

Replacement Comd, lUth AA Comd, and Mil Police Comd, former USAFFE orgns, asgd AFWESPAC.

31 Jul h$

Army Service Coinmand-I (ASCOM-I) established, (See R/E for'ASCCM-I.)

51

C0MMA10KR M T S

Brig Gen Julian F Barnes 12 Dec kl

Brig Gen Henry B Clagett 2k Dec kl

Maj Gen George H Brett 1 Jan k2 Maj Gen Lewie E Brereton 17 Jan k2 Maj Gen Julian F Barnes 27 Jan k2 Lt Gen George H Brett 2*1- Fe"b k2

Maj Gen Julian F Barnes 18 Apr k2 Brig Gen Frank S Clark 18 Jul k2

Brig Gen Richard J Marshall 20 Jul k2

Brig Gen Thomas E Rilea 17 Jun ^3

Maj Gen Richard J Marshall 13 Jul k3 Maj Gen James L. Frink 3 Sep k3 Lt Gen WilheLn D Styer

3 0

ASSIGNED TO: DATE

War Department 12 Dec kl

26 Fei k3

AtfPAC 10 Jun k5

ATOACEEP TO; DATE

22 Dec kl - 18 Apr k2

SMPA 18 Apr k2 - ?

Chart 4-MAJOR SUBORDINATE COMMANDS OF USASOS-AFWESPAC

WAR DEPARTMENT !20ec42-26Feb43

USAFFE 26Feb43-IOJun45

AFPAC IOJun45-l5Aug45

TFSP

!2Dec4l-22Dec4l

USFIA

22Dec4 l -5Jon42

USAFIA

5Jon42- l8Jul42 USASOS.SWPA

16 Ju l42 -7Jun45 AFWESPAC

7 Jun45-l5Aug45

MAJOR MAJOR MAJOR ARMY SERVICE ARMY SERVICE SUBORDINATE SUBORDINATE SUBORDINATE COMMAND-0 COMMAND-I

COMMANDS COMMANDS COMMANDS IN IN IN

AUSTRALIA NEW GUINEA PHILIPPINES 7 J u n - !5Aug45 31 Jul-l5Aug45

I41h ANTIAIRCRAFT MILITARY POLICE ENGINEER COMMAND COMMAND COMMAND

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1

MAJOR SUBORDINATE COMMANDS IN AUSTRALIA

As the year 19^2 began, a series of organizations were established in Australia to handle the distribution of supplies over a large and unfamiliar territory. These organizations came into existence as numbered base sections.

The general mission of the base sections was to operate service commands, and to receive and assemble all U.S. troops and supplies arriving in Australia and forward them to areas designated by higher headquarters. For details on the base sections see listings following this introduction.

In a major reorganization on 1 June 19^, the existing numbered base sections were redesignated bases, and Base Section, USASOS, was established at Brisbane. The general mission of Base Section, USASOS, was to supervise the activities of designated bases in accordance with plans, policies, and procedures prescribed by USASOS, and to administer such functions as were assigned by the Commanding General, USASOS. One of its specific functions was to command all USASOS troops within the territorial boundaries of the command.

Base Section (ABSEC), USASOS

1 Jun kk

Established Brisbane, Aus, and asgd USASOS.

1$ Aug kH-

Procurement Div, USASOS, became integral part of Base Sec.

12 Dec kh

Base 3 consolidated with Base Sec.

15 Feb h5

Base Sec USASOS redesig Australian Base Sec (ABSEC).

19 Jun h5

ABSEC closed Brisbane; opened Sydney 20 Jun. (Personnel remaining at Brisbane formed United States Army Representative, Brisbane.)

61

Chart 5-USASOS MAJOR SUBORDINATE COMMANDS IN AUSTRALIA

5 January 1942-lJune 1944

USAFIA

USASOS.SWPA

OPERATIONS BASE BASE BASE BASE SOERABAJA SECTION 1 SECTION 2 SECTION 3

NETHERLANDS INDIES

5 Jan-5Mor 42 5 Jon42-Uun 44 5 Jan42-Uun 44 5 Jan42-Uun44

BASE BASE BASE BASE SECTION 4 SECTION 5 SECTION 6 SECTION 7

5 Jan42-Uun 44 7Sep43-7Feb 44 3 Mar42-l9Jan43 !9Apr42-IJun 44

1 June 1944 15 August 1945

USASOS

AFWESPAC

BASE SECTION 1 J u n 4 4 - I 5 Feb 45

Redesignated AUSTRALIAN

BASE SECTION 15 Feb45-I5 Aug 45

BASE 1 (Redesignoted from BASE SECTION 1)

1 Jun44-9 Jul 44

BASE 2 (Redesignated from BASE SECTION 2)

1 Jun44-I9 Jun 45

BASE 3 (Redesignated from BASE SECTION 3)

1 Jun44-I2 Dec 44

BASE 7 (Redesignoted from

BASE SECTION 7)

1 Jun44-I9 Jun 45

COMMANDER

Brig Gen William H Donaldson 1 Jun kk

Brig Gen Homer C Brown 17 Sep kk

Brig Gen William H Donaldson 15 Mar kj

Base Section 1

Jan k2

Base Sec 1 established Darwin and asgd USAFIA.

0/a 6 Apr k2

Hq Base Sec 1 moved to Birdum.

May k2

Adv Hq Base Sec 1 established Darwin and a rear hq remained at Birdum.

31 Aug k2

Adv Hq. Base Sec 1 discontinued at Darwin. Rear hq redesig "Railhead" Base Sec.

1 Sep k2

Hq Base Sec 1 established Adelaide River.

6 Apr kk

Hq Base Sec 1 moved to Darwin.

1 Jun kk

Base Sec 1 redesig Base 1 and asgd Base Sec (Australia).

9 Jul kk

Base 1 disbanded at Darwin.

C0MMAITO5R DATE

Col John A Robinson 5 Jan 42

Lt Col Martin W Jones 24 Jan 42

Lt Col Frank LaRue 26 Jan 42

Col Martin W Jones 17 Jim 42

Col Emer Yeager 20 Aug 42

Maj Robert J Craig 4 Oct 42

Col Emer Yeager 15 Oct 42

Maj Maj Robert J Craig 6 Nov 42

Capt Bolton S Pierce 11 Nov 42

Col Howard Brenizier 19 Nov 42

Lt Col Robert J Craig 13 May 43

MaJ Paul A Reichel 7 Jun 43

Lt Col Robert J Craig 18 Jun 43

Col Henry F Meyer 23 Sep 43

Maj Paul A Reichel 9 Jan 44

Col Henry F Meyer 22 Jan 44

Col Edward S Bres 14 Mar 44

Col Graham K Hobbs 6 Jun 44

Col Eustie L Hubbard 24 Jun 44

Col Graham K Hobbs 1 jui 44

64

Base Section 2

5 Jan 42

Base Sec 2 established Townsville and asgd USAFIA.

13 Jan 42

Base Sec 2 formally org Townsville.

1 Jun44

Base Sec 2 redesig BaBe 2 and aegd BaBe Sec.

19 Jun 45

Base 2 discontinued.

COMMANDER DATE

Brig Gen Henry B Clagett 13 Jan 42

Lt Col James C Patterson 27 Jan 42

Lt Col Geoffrey Galwey 3 Feb 42

Maj Francis I. Irwin 20 Apr 42

Col Albert G Matlievs 28 May 42

Col John A Robinson IT Aug 42

Col John A Considine 18 Dec 42

Col Homer C Brown 7 Jan 43

Col Ray H Lewis 30 Jan 43

Col Homer C Brown 11 Feb 43

Col Ray H Lewis 7 Mar 43

Col Homer C Brown 9 Mar 43

Col Ray H Lewis 19 Mar 44

Col Graham K Hobbs 29 May 44

65

COMMANDER (Cont) DATE

Col Frank I Burns 31 May kk

Lt Col Harold A Morgan Ik Sep kk

Base Section 3

5 Jan k2

Base Sec 3 established Brisbane and asgd USAFIA.

13 Jan k2

Base Sec 3 formally org at Brisbane. Redesig from Hq. U.S. Troops, Brisbane Area.

1 Jun kk

Base Sec 3 redesig Base 3 and asgd Base Sec (Australia).

12 Dec kk

Base 3 discontinued.

COMMANDER DATE

Col A L P Johnson 13 Jan k2

Col A L Sneed 26 Feb h2

Brig Gen Willaim H Donaldson 12 May k2

Col James C Patterson 11 Jul k3

Brig Gen Eraer Yeager 30 Jul k3

Brig Gen William E Donaldson 25 Mar hh

Col William C Lattimore 26 May kk

Brig Gen Homer C Brown 1 Jul kk

Col C J Ma thews 17 Sep kk

66

Base Section h

5 Jan U2 Base Sec k established Melbourne and asgd USAFIA.

15

Base Sec k rede Big 22d POE and Base Sec k.

13 Nov k2

22d POE and Base Sec k redesig 22d POE, TC and Base Sec k.

7 May ^ -3

22d POE, TC and Base Sec k redesig Base Sec 4.

1 Jun kk

Base Sec k discontinued.

COMMAOTER DATE

Col Bird S Dubois 5 Jan U2

Col Geoffrey Galwey 1 Aug k2

Col Frank BurnB 22 Mar ^3

Lt Col Forrest M Carhartt 28 May Mi-

Base Section 5

3 Mar k2

Base Sec 5 established Adelaide and asgd USAFIA.

11 Mar U2

Base Sec 5 formally org at Adelaide.

8 Jan

Base Sec 5 closed. 61

7 Sep h3

Base Sec 5 re-established at Cairns and asgd USASO&,

7 Feb hh

Base Sec 5 discontinued.

COMMANDER

Col John A Robinson

Maj Roland C Bower Jr

Lt Albert J. Bartz

Col Ray H Lewis

BATE

11 Mar k2

17 Aug k2

12 Nov h2

7 Sep k3

Base Section 6

. 3 Mar k2

Base Sec 6 established Perth and asgd USAFIA.

3 Mar k2

Base Sec 6 formally org at Perth.

19 Jan k3

Base Sec 6 discontinued.

COMMANDER

Lt Col James C Mann

Capt Walter G-oti schalk

DATE

8 Mar k2

10 Sep te

68

Base Section 7

19 Apr k2

Base Sec 7 established Sydney and asgd UEAFIA.

15 Aug k2

Base Sec 7 redesig Base Sec 7 and 23d POE.

17 h

Base Sec 7 and 23d PCE redesig Base Sec 7 and 23d Port Hq..

28 Dec k-2

Base Sec 7 and 23d Port Hq. redesig Base Sec 7

1 Jun hh

Base Sec 7 redesig Base 7 and asgd Base Sec (Australia).

lft Jun h^

Base 7 discontinued.

COMMANDER

Col Fred L Hamilton

Col James C Patterson

Brig Gen Thomas E Rilea

Lt Col C A Fertig

Col Frank L Burns

Lt Col C A Fertig

Brig Gen Hugh B Hester

Col Fred W MarshaU.

Brig Gen Hugh B Hester

DATE

19 Apr ^2

6 Oct k2

3 Mar ^3

H Sep kk

IT Sep ^

2k Nov

^

FelD

69

MAJOR SUBORDINATE COMMANDS IN NEW GUINEA.

U.S. Advance Base, New Guinea, was e s t a t Part Moresby on 11 August 19l;2. Subsequently, Milne Bay Sub-Base (which l a t e r evolved as Base A) , Oro Bay Sub-Base (which l a t e r evolved as Base B) , and sub-bases of U.S. Advance Base, USASOS. On Hi August 19U3, U.S. Advance Base, New Guinea, was disbanded and Advance Sec t ion (ADSEC), USASOS, was e s t a t Milne Bay. A l l sub-bases were rede s i g advance bases and ass igned t o ADSEC.

Intermediate Sect ion (INTERSEC) was e s t a t port Moresby lf> November 19U3, and a l l e s t and a c t i v i t i e s formerly ass igned ADSEC were ass igned t o INTERSEC. Bases E and F were then e s t and i n i t i a l l y ass igned t o USASOS. When Base H was e s t i t was ass igned t o INTERSEC. On 15 February 19 U5 INTERSEC was rede s i g New Guinea Base Sect ion (NUGSEC). For d e t a i l s on each base see l i s t i n g s fol lowing t h i s in troduct ion . ) The general miss ion of the bases was t o support the New Guinea opns and future Phi l ippine qpns,

U.S. Advance Base, New Guinea

11 Aug k2

U.S. Adv Base, N.G., e s t Port Moresby; asgd USASOS and placed under qpnl cont l of g9neral o f f i c er commanding New Guinea Force,

$ Oct hZ Tte commander of U.S. Adv Base, N.G., appointed comdr of Combined Qpnl Service Comd (COSC). COSC included a l l elms (combat trps excluded) of Austra l ian Line of Communications and a l l USASOS t rps i n N.G. Primary miss ion of COSC was t o co-ordinate e f f o r t s of Austra l ian Line of Communications and U.S. SOS t r p s .

Apr k3

(DSC discontd. Assumed that opnl cont l of U.S. Adv Base reverted t o USASOS during Apri l 1*3.

1 June U3 Adv Ech U.S. Adv Base arr Milne Bay.

6 Jul U.S. Adv Base moved t o Milne Bay.

H* Aug U3

U.S. Adv Base disbanded a t Milne Bay.

70

Chort 6USASOS MAJOR SUBORDINATE COMMANDS IN NEW GUINEA

11 August 1942 - 14 August 1943

r iUSASOS | NEW GUINEA FORCE | u -,.

U.S. ADVANCE BASE COMBINED OPERATIONAL 1 NEW GUINEA ' SERVICE COMMAND ' 1 I

11 Aug 42 - l 4Aug43 I 5 Oct 4 2 - 2 Apr 42 I

MILNE BAY SUB-BASE ORO BASE SUB-BASE U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE C U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE 0 21 Nov 4 2 - 9 M a r 4 3 20 Dec 4 2 - 9 M o r 43 (Goodenough Island)

Redesignoted Redesignoted 27 Apr 43-15 Jul 43 1 Jun 43-14 Aug 43 U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE

9 Mor 4 3 - 2 1 Apr 43 9 Mar 43-21 Apr 43 Redesignoted Redesignoted

U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE A U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE B 21 Apr 43 14 Aug 43 21 Apr 43-14 Aug 43

15 August 1943-15 November 1943

USASOS

ADVANCE SECTION USASOS

15 Aug43-l5Nov 43

ADVANCE BASE A ADVANCE BASE B ADVANCE BASE D Redesignoted from Redesignated from Redesignoted from

U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE A U.S. ADVANCE SUB-BASE B US ADVANCE SUB-BASE D

15 Ajg 43-15 Nov 43 15 Aug 43-15 Nov 43 15 Aug43-l5Nov 43

'See entry under this dote in R/E for U S. ADVANCE BASE.

I

a. * UJ ^ ^

^ UJ - UJ U-

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o

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o * * O 21 Ok UJ

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t "" m m -pi 4 4

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0. c/> ec- 4 m UJ u. 4

m UJ T

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-o 2 z IO

N

IASE

2O7 Engr Sv Gp, moved from Base B to Base A, and 21 Dec kk Boat Building Comd was asgd to Base A for admin and opnl contl.

On 11 Jan U5 USASOS Boat Building Comd established at Base A with 5207th Engr Sv Gp as hq of USASOS Boat Building Comd. This command was asgd to USASOS initially.

20 Apr 45

USASOS Boat Building Comd asgd USASOS ENCOM.

29 May U5

USASOS Boat Building Comd atchd to Bantangas Engr Area for opnl contl

7 Jun 1*5

USASOS Boat Building Comd redesig AFWESPAC Boat Building Comd.

COMMANDER DATE

Col James A Bender 11 Jan U5

99

SOURCES

A Partial List of the Types of Documents Used in the Preparation of this Section

1. General Orders 2. Staff Memorandums

GQH SWPA USASOS USAFIA AFWESPAC USASOS AFWESPAC

3 Narrative Reports

History of the United States Army Services of Supply* History of Base G- at Hollandia. Philippine Base Historical Summaries.

Histories, Department of the Army

Cline, Ray S. Washington Command Post: The Operations Divisions, UNITED STATES ABM IN WORLD WAR II (Washington, 1951).

100

UNITED STATES AEMY FORCES, PACIFIC (AFPAC)

C S\P a c i f i cn?J^0n o (^^C), was established 6 Apr f a 1 1 U

*St - AllDy ^sources in the Pacific theater

! a C i f l G A r e a a n d ^sources under the command of the Alaskan Department). The Twentieth Air Force was to **

dlreCt C

n t r O 1 Of the Jolnt *****General S T A ^ of Staff Ma c

^r t h u rF n ^ r ^ ? 8 ^ designated Commander in Chief, U.S. Army

Forces, Pacific, and was to be responsible for the provieion of Army re for operations in the pacific ar s 8 S r S 2 : s rssr 1 *

U.S. naval resources in the Pacific theatre (less the Southeast Paciffc Area; were placed under the command of the Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific

f /i Cea]?Area8' ln his c a P a c l t v a*P T T X 8 1 1 ^ Commander in Chief, U.S. Pacific Fleet (CINCPAC). CINCPAC was to be responsible for the provision of naval resources to meet the requirements for operations in the Pacific as directed by the Joint Chiefs of Staff. Arrangements for the transfer cf naval forces under CINCAFPAC and Army forces under CINCPAC began almost immediately. Representatives of CINCAFPAC and CINCPOA met at Guam early in April 1945 and agreed that existing Army and Navy responsibilities within the Pacific Ocean Areas for joint support of positions in the Marshalls, the Marianas, and theRyukyus would continue in effect until modified by mutual agreement**/

General MacArthur, in the dual role of CINCAFPAC and CINCSWPA, was instructed to complete the occupation of Luzon and conduct such additional operations in the Philippines as would directly contribute to the defeat of Japan and the liberation of the Filipinos; to make plans for occupying North Borneo, using Australian combat and service troopsj and to plan and prepare for the campaign against Japan proper, co-operating with CINCPQA. in naval and amphibious phases of the invasion.

6 Apr k5

AFPAC established Manila, P.I.

17 Apr k5

OG PQA reported his comd ror purposes of admin to GHQ AFPAC. Excluded fr opnl contl of CINCAFPAC were those units under opnl contl of CINCPQA

* Although Headquarters, AFPAC, was created on 6 April 19^5 it did not begin to function as a whole until 10 June

** For a detailed account of the complex problems involved in this reorganization of the Pacific, see Louis Morton. Strategy, command and

Logistics, a volume in preparation for the series U.S. ARMy IN WORLD WAR I.

"~~ 101

involved in joint Army and Navy support of positions in the Marshalls, Carolines, Marianas, and Ryukyus, and those units under CG Twentieth Air Force.

2$ May U5 JCS issued directive clarifying command organization for operations against main Isl of Japan, and designated 1 Nov U5 as targst date for invasion of Kyushu. (On 29 Mar h$, JCS had issued a tentative schedule for invasion of Japan under cover name of DOWNFALL, with 1 Dec hS as date for preliminary assault on southern isl of Kyushu (OLYMPIC), and 1 Mar U6 as date for subsequent landing of Honshu (CORONET). On 3 Apr h$, JCS instructed General MacArthur to complete necessary operations in Luzon and remainder of Philippines, prepare for occupation of North Borneo, and make plans and preparations for campaign in Japan.)

16 Jul k$ CINCAFPAC, in accordance with instructions received early in May, published f i rs t edition of plan (designated BLACKLIST) for possibly peaceful occupation of Japan. Four days la ter , plan was presented at Guam for comparison with current plan for occupation (designated CAMPUS) being formulated by Admiral Nimitz. Subsequently, copies were transmitted to Sixth, Eighth, and Tenth Armies and other participating commands for study and planning.

31 Jul 15

GHQ AFPAC assumed complete responsibility for a l l Army elms in the Ryukyus (except those asgd Strategic Air Forces). Date GHQ AFPAC assumed contl of Array elms in Marshalls, Carolires, and Marianas i s unknown.

8 Aug h$ CINCAFPAC published final edition of Plan BLACKLIST, covering projected occupation of Japan and Korea in three successive main phases. Under it, Korea would be occupied by Tenth Army5 */ Hokkaido and North Honshu by Eighth Army, and West Honshu, Shikoku, and Kyushu by Sixth Army.

11 Aug US

JCS issued formal directive for the occupation of Japan, Korea, and the China Coast* General MacArthur was directed to assume responsibility for forces entering Japan and Korea.

15 Aug U5

General MacArthur appointed Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers (SCAP).

* A Tew days later Tenth Army was relieved fr this mission and XXIV Corps was given the assignment*

102

COMMANDER DATE

General of the Army Douglas MaoArthur 6 Apr 45

ASSIGNED TOt DATE