organ donation
TRANSCRIPT
ORGAN DONATIONDR.R. RAJKUMAR M.D., D.M.
CONSULTANT MEDICAL ONCOLOGIST
MADURAI MEDICAL COLLEGE &
GOVT RAJAJI HOSPITAL
INSTRUCTIONS
This is our request to all of you that
1. Your mental presence is very much required
2. Please put your mobile off.3. No conversation during the
presentation. 4. Your questions will be answered after
the presentation.
QUESTIONS
What is organ donation?
Who can be an organ donor?
Does being an organ donor affect your treatment at the hospital?
Is it harder for families when a loved one is an organ donor?
How many people need organ donations?
ORGAN DONATION
What is Organ donation
Organ donation is the process of removing tissues or organs from a live, or recently dead, person to be used in another.
The former is the donor and the latter is the recipient.
People of all ages can become donors.
ORGAN DONATION
Type of donors
Some organs can be donated by a living person
Almost all organs can be donated by someone dead but this has to reach the recipient within a few hours after the donor's death.
In case of live donation the donor should give his consent .
In case of cadaver donation, relatives need to provide consent.
ORGAN DONATION
Voluntary Donation
Almost everywhere organ donation is voluntaryTwo voluntary systems include
1.Opt In - Where the donor gives consent
2.Opt Out - Where anyone who has not refused is considered as a donor
In India we have the Opt in system, while many western countries practice the opt out system
ORGAN DONATION
Organs for Donation
Some of the organs that are commonly donated -
• Eyes (cornea)
• Heart
• Lungs
• Liver
• Pancreas
• Kidneys
• Skin
ORGAN DONATIONOrgan shortage - reasons
Family consent, and negative attitude contribute towards organ shortage.
This could be due to the following reasons -
• Religion
• Fear, ignorance and misunderstanding
• Legal aspects
• Media reports on scandals involving organ rackets
ORGAN DONATION
Improving Organ Donation
Currently organ donation can be termed as a "crisis with a cure." The following are some ways to improve organ donation- • Improved patient care to facilitate easier approach for organ donation, in case of patient death
• Trained transplant co-ordinators and grief counsellors
• Improved hospital infrastructure
• Qualified Intensivists and Surgeons
ORGAN DONATION
Improving Organ Donation
Currently organ donation can be termed as a "crisis with a cure." The following are some ways to improve organ donation-
• Increased HLA typing and cross matching facilities
• Improved facilities in packing,transport and retrieval of organs
• Supporting organization for networking and registry maintenance
• Effective use of technology to facilitate organ donation
ORGAN DONATIONRole of society
Society plays a crucial role in transplant programme especially in case of cadaver transplants.
There is a urgent need for increased public awareness regarding organ donation and greater effort must be taken to dispel public concerns regarding the same.
Organ donation can give a new twist to tragedy. Remember "organs wasted are lives lost".
ORGAN DONATIONA GIFT OF LIFE
The Organ Shortage
• Each day, about 60 people around the world receive an organ transplant, while another 13 die due to non-availability of organs.
• Organ shortage — the main limitation to saving lives of critically ill patients — is due to individuals and their families not considering organ donation out of fear, ignorance or misunderstanding.
HISTORICAL ASPECTS – CADAVER TRANSPLANTATION - INDIA
1967 - First succeesful cadaver Kidney Transplant in India at KEM Hospital, Bombay
1994 - First successful heart transplant done at AIIMS, N.Delhi
1995 - First successful multi-organ transplant done at Apollo Hospital, Chennai
1998 – First Successful Lung transplant, Madras Medical Mission Hospital, Chennai
1999 – First Pancreas Transplant, Ahembdabad
THE TRANSPLANTATION OF HUMAN ORGANS ACT, 1994
Legalised Brain Death and removal of organs for therapeutic purposes.
Banned commercial trading of organs from living unrelated donors.
TYPES OF DONORS
Living Donors
Cadaver Donors
TYPES OF DEATH
Brain Death
Cardiac Death
CONDITIONS THAT PROGRESS TO
BRAIN DEATHLethal Head InjuryBrain Hemorrhage
Brain death is Irreversible Loss of Consciousness
Absence of Respiration
Flat EEG
Loss of Brain Stem Reflexes
Potential of Cadaver Organs per year from Accident Victims in
Mumbai
Accident Deaths
Brain Deaths
Kidneys Other Organs (Each)
0100200300400500600• Accident Deaths
• Brain Deaths• Kidneys• Other Organs (Each)
600150300100
How Can We Increase The Donors ?
Spreading awareness about Cadaver Organ Donation by initiating One to One and / or Group talks with ..• Schools• Colleges• Social Organisations like LIONS, ROTARY, Etc.• Hospital Staff
ALL RELIGIONS SUPPORTORGAN DONATION
RELIGION AND ORGAN DONATION
Common thread that binds all religions of the world – – Saving of life overrides all objections– There is no religions that is against organ donation – What holds back is cultural reservations, • Ignorance of the process of organ donation, • Fear of mutilation,• Lack of emotional support at time of tragedy, • Fear that organs will be sold or used only by the
rich• Mistrust of hospitals and health professionals • Myths.
ADVANTAGES OF CADAVER ORGAN DONOR TRANSPLANT
Offers Hope when Living Related Donor Not Suitable.
Recipient avoids psycho-social burden of living Donor.
Only chance of Life for Heart, Lungs, Liver, etc Patients.
Donor Families find Meaning in their Loss.
How Does One BecomeA Donor ?
Share Your Life…
Share Your Decision…
…Sign a Donor Card