organ systems of the human body
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Organ Systems of theOrgan Systems of the
Human BodyHuman Body
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What we already knowWhat we already know
� WE ARE ORGANISMS!!!!!
± A LIVING THING THAT IS MADE UP
OF VARIOUS ORGAN SYSTEMS.� An organ system is made of groups of organs that
perform a specific function.
� An organ is made of one or more tissues that work
together � Tissues is a group of similar cells that work together
� Cells are made of organelles
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Skeletal SystemSkeletal System
� Consists of 206 BONES
� Provides the FRAMEWORK that
SUPPORTS the body� PROTECTS organs from injury
� Help the body to MOVE
� CREATES blood cell� STORES calcium and other minerals
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Why we need BONESWhy we need BONES
� Leg, pelvic, spine,shoulder, and neck bones
� Spine & Skull
� The Ribs
� Body Movement
� Bone Marrow
� Bones are made of
calcium & minerals
� SUPPORT the body¶sweight
� PROTE
CT the centralnervous system and brain
� PROTECT the lungs,heart, liver, and stomach
� Muscles work against it to
move body� CREATES new blood
cells
� The body needs calcium& minerals
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The Muscular SystemThe Muscular System
� Consists of more than
600 muscles
� CONTRACT and
RELAX
� CONTROLLED by the
BRAIN
� Almost ½ your bodyweight is made of
muscle
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Kinds of MuscleKinds of Muscle� Skeletal Muscles: MOVES the BODY
± Attached to the bones by stretchy tissue and work inpairs
± When one muscle contracts, the other relaxes,causing the bones to move
� Smooth Muscles: MOVES ORGANS
± Protect and move special organs in your body likeyour stomach, intestines, and your lungs.
± These muscles don't move when we want them to,
they move on their own� Cardiac Muscles: Heart
± The heart is a large powerful muscle that pumpsblood throughout the body
± These muscles don't move when we want them to,they move on their own
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Digestive SystemDigestive System
� Consists of organs and glands that allows
us to absorb nutrients from the food we
eat± Parts: mouth, esophagus, stomach, small
intestine, and large intestine
� Like a long, twisting tube inside the body
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How digestion worksHow digestion works
� Mouth- breaks up food
� Esophagus- leads food tothe stomach
� Stomach- mixes food with
acidic digestive juices tohelp digest food properly
� Small Intestine- Smallhair like tubes calledVILLI are in the small
intestine and help toabsorb the nutrients fromthe digested food for thebody to use
� Large Intestine- extractsthe remaining liquid from
the digested food creatingsolid waste
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Respiratory SystemRespiratory System
� Consists of the Pharynx, Larynx, Trachea, Bronchi, Lungs, and theDiaphragm
� This is how we breath
� The diaphragm is a muscle the pulls down the lungs
� The lungs expand and fill with air � The air has oxygen and reaches the blood though the lungs
� The blood takes in the oxygen and releases the carbon dioxide
� The exchange of these gases in the lungs is called breathing
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Circulatory SystemCirculatory System
� Also called the cardiovascular system
� Consists of your heart, arteries, veins, and bloodvessels.
� Probably the most important system of thehuman body.
� The Heart pumps over 4,000 gallons of blooddaily and it beats 30 million times a year. It never
takes a vacation. It pumps about 70 times aminute when you are relaxing. If you exercise,your heart works harder and pumps much faster.
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� The heart pumpsblood throughout thebody
� Blood carries oxygenand nutrients
� Oxygen and nutrientsare carried to all parts
of your body by thepumping bloodthrough the veins
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Lymphatic SystemLymphatic System
� Also called the
immune system
� Helps defend the
body against germs
like viruses, bacteria,
and fungi that cancause sicknesses.
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Nervous SystemNervous System� The most COMPLEX and
DE
LICATE
of all thesystems
� Consists of the brain,
sensory organs, spinal
cord, and nerves
� Controls ever function of
the body
± Creates the five
sense: touch, hear,
smell, taste, see± Body movement
± Allows us to remember
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Excretory SystemExcretory System
� Consists of the kidneys andbladder
� Filtration and waste disposal
� The body makes chemical
waste it cannot use� The waste is collected in theblood
� The blood flows through thekidneys and filters out thewaste
� The waste is sent to thebladder and then sent out of the body through urine
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Endocrine SystemEndocrine System
� Consists of glands:
± Thyroid glands, pituitary
glands, pancreas, and the
reproductive glands
� These glands produce
HORMONES
± the chemical messengers
of the body
� Hormones aid in body
development and growth
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Integumentary SystemIntegumentary System
� Contains the largest organ of your body± The SKIN
± Three layers: Epidermis,Dermis, Hypodermis
� Also made up of your hair,fingernails, oil and sweatglands
� Helps protect the body frominfections and injury
� Helps to regulate the body¶stemperature through sweatwhen we are hot
� Sweat also helps removewastes
� Keeps moisture in our body toprevent dehydration
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Reproductive SystemReproductive System
� Males
± Have testes± Produce sperm
� Females
± Have ovaries± Produce eggs
Reproduction is the ability to have offspring
Human reproductive systems differ in males andfemales
Sperm fertilize egg
Fertilized egg develops in to an offspring